Abstract
Drought stress is known to increase aflatoxin contamination in groundnut and establishing a possible relationship between drought tolerance and resistance to aflatoxin contamination could contribute to a more efficient selection of aflatoxin-resistant genotypes. In recent work, the reference collection of groundnut had been assessed across seasons varying for drought intensity, i.e. two moderate temperature (rainy season) and two high temperature (dry season) experiments under well-watered (WW) and water stress (WS) conditions (Hamidou et al., 2012, Hamidou et al., 2013). Here aflatoxin concentration (AC) in seeds is measured in these trials, first for possibly identifying germplasm with low aflatoxin concentrations and second for investigating possible relationships between aflatoxin concentration and drought tolerance. Drought stress intensity increased aflatoxin concentration in seeds and higher aflatoxin contamination was observed under combined drought and high temperature conditions than under drought alone. No germplasm with lower AC than resistant check (55-437) were found. Aflatoxin contamination showed very high GxE interactions, which suggest that selection for resistance to aflatoxin contamination must be specific to environment. Across trials, using means for each environment, there was a clear positive relationship between the aflatoxin concentration and the grain yield reduction due to drought, indicating that a higher drought severity led to higher aflatoxin concentration. However, within trial, the same relationships applied to individual genotypes, or to cohorts of tolerant/sensitive genotypes, were not significant. The major conclusion of this work is that while drought intensity did increase the level of aflatoxin contamination, as expected and previously reported, there seemed to be no direct relationship between tolerance to drought and aflatoxin concentration, suggesting that the mechanisms of drought tolerance and aflatoxin contamination are likely not common.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Drought intensity increased aflatoxin concentration in groundnut seeds.
- Taxon
- groundnut
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Treatment
- Drought stress intensitye1
- Outcome
- aflatoxin concentration in seedse1
- Direction
- increasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aflatoxin contamination in groundnut”
e1“Drought stress intensity increased aflatoxin concentration in seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined drought and high temperature produced higher aflatoxin contamination than drought alone.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- combined drought and high temperature conditionse1
- Outcome
- aflatoxin contaminatione1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- drought alonee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reference collection of groundnut”
e1“higher aflatoxin contamination was observed under combined drought and high temperature conditions than under drought alone”
Claim · model-written summary
No germplasm had lower aflatoxin concentration than resistant check 55-437.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Material
- germplasme1
- Outcome
- lower ACe1
- Qualifier
- 55-437e1
- Comparator
- resistant checke1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reference collection of groundnut”
e1“No germplasm with lower AC than resistant check (55-437) were found.”
Claim · model-written summary
Aflatoxin contamination showed very high genotype by environment interactions.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Material
- groundnute0
- Outcome
- Aflatoxin contaminatione1
- Qualifier
- very high GxE interactionse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reference collection of groundnut”
e1“Aflatoxin contamination showed very high GxE interactions”
Claim · model-written summary
Selection for aflatoxin resistance should be specific to environment.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Outcome
- selection for resistance to aflatoxin contamination must be specific to environmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reference collection of groundnut”
e1“selection for resistance to aflatoxin contamination must be specific to environment”
Claim · model-written summary
Across trial environmental means, aflatoxin concentration increased with drought-related grain yield reduction.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Outcome
- aflatoxin concentratione1
- Direction
- positive relationshipe1
- Comparator
- grain yield reduction due to droughte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reference collection of groundnut”
e1“Across trials, using means for each environment, there was a clear positive relationship between the aflatoxin concentration and the grain yield reduction due to drought”
Claim · model-written summary
Within trials, aflatoxin relationships across individual genotypes or tolerant and sensitive cohorts were not significant.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Material
- individual genotypese1
- Outcome
- same relationshipse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reference collection of groundnut”
e1“within trial, the same relationships applied to individual genotypes, or to cohorts of tolerant/sensitive genotypes, were not significant”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer no direct relationship between drought tolerance and aflatoxin concentration.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Outcome
- aflatoxin concentratione1
- Comparator
- tolerance to droughte1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reference collection of groundnut”
e1“there seemed to be no direct relationship between tolerance to drought and aflatoxin concentration”
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See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.