Abstract
Six barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars contrasting in their waterlogging tolerance were subjected to waterlogging for 2 weeks under glasshouse conditions. The adverse effects of waterlogging were significantly alleviated by the foliar spray of nutrients (quarter- or full-strength Hoagland solution) in all cultivars. Beneficial effects of nutrient sprays included improved shoot and root growth and reduced leaf senescence. Chlorophyll content was increased, as was net CO2 assimilation, photochemical efficiency of PSII, and adventitious root production compared with waterlogged plants with no added foliar nutrients. Auxin was found accumulated at the shoot base in waterlogged plants, and the spray of foliar nutrients significantly increased this accumulation in waterlogged plants after 14 days of treatment. Foliar application of 1-NAA also promoted the production of adventitious roots. The highest concentration of auxin was measured in the stem region between 1.2 and 1.6 cm above the shoot–root junction. Foliar nutrient application also improved nitrogen and potassium content in both shoot and root, but calcium content was hardly affected. It is concluded that the improvement of waterlogged plant growth by foliar nutrient sprays could be related to both the improved plant nutrition and increased auxin accumulation in the shoot base, responsible for development of adventitious roots.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nutrient sprays alleviated waterlogging effects across cultivars.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- foliar spray of nutrients (quarter- or full-strength Hoagland solution)e0
- Outcome
- adverse effects of waterlogginge0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The adverse effects of waterlogging were significantly alleviated by the foliar spray of nutrients (quarter- or full-strength Hoagland solution) in all cultivars”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient sprays improved shoot and root growth and reduced leaf senescence.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- nutrient sprayse0
- Outcome
- shoot and root growthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Beneficial effects of nutrient sprays included improved shoot and root growth and reduced leaf senescence”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient sprays reduced leaf senescence.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- nutrient sprayse0
- Outcome
- leaf senescencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Beneficial effects of nutrient sprays included improved shoot and root growth and reduced leaf senescence”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nutrients increased chlorophyll, assimilation, and PSII efficiency.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- foliar nutrientse0
- Outcome
- Chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- waterlogged plants with no added foliar nutrientse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorophyll content was increased, as was net CO2 assimilation, photochemical efficiency of PSII, and adventitious root production compared with waterlogged plants with no added foliar nutrients”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nutrients increased adventitious root production.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- foliar nutrientse0
- Outcome
- adventitious root productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- waterlogged plants with no added foliar nutrientse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorophyll content was increased, as was net CO2 assimilation, photochemical efficiency of PSII, and adventitious root production compared with waterlogged plants with no added foliar nutrients”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Auxin accumulated at the shoot base under waterlogging.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Organ / stage
- shoot basee0
- Outcome
- Auxin was found accumulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Auxin was found accumulated at the shoot base in waterlogged plants”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nutrients significantly increased shoot-base auxin accumulation after 14 days.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- spray of foliar nutrientse0
- Outcome
- accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- after 14 days of treatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the spray of foliar nutrients significantly increased this accumulation in waterlogged plants after 14 days of treatment”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
1-NAA promoted adventitious roots.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of 1-NAAe0
- Outcome
- production of adventitious rootse0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar application of 1-NAA also promoted the production of adventitious roots”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest auxin concentration was between 1.2 and 1.6 cm above the shoot-root junction.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Organ / stage
- stem regione0
- Outcome
- highest concentration of auxine0
- Value
- 1.2 and 1.6 cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest concentration of auxin was measured in the stem region between 1.2 and 1.6 cm above the shoot–root junction”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nutrients improved shoot and root nitrogen and potassium content.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Foliar nutrient applicatione0
- Outcome
- nitrogen and potassium content in both shoot and roote0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar nutrient application also improved nitrogen and potassium content in both shoot and root”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nutrients hardly affected calcium content.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- foliar nutrient sprayse1
- Outcome
- calcium contente0
- Direction
- hardly affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but calcium content was hardly affected”
t0“barley”
e1“the improvement of waterlogged plant growth by foliar nutrient sprays could be related to both the improved plant nutrition and increased auxin accumulation in the shoot base”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors relate growth improvement to nutrition and shoot-base auxin accumulation.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- foliar nutrient sprayse0
- Outcome
- improvement of waterlogged plant growthe0
- Qualifier
- improved plant nutrition and increased auxin accumulation in the shoot basee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the improvement of waterlogged plant growth by foliar nutrient sprays could be related to both the improved plant nutrition and increased auxin accumulation in the shoot base”
t0“barley”
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