Abstract
Previously, we investigated transgenic broccoli harboring senescence-associated-gene (SAG) promoter-triggered isopentenyltransferase (ipt), which encodes the key enzyme for cytokinin (CK) synthesis and mimics the action of exogenous supplied CK in delaying postharvest senescence of broccoli. Here, we used proteomics and transcriptomics to compare the mechanisms of ipt-transgenic and N(6)-benzylaminopurine (BA) CK treatment of broccoli during postharvest storage. The 2 treatments conferred common and distinct mechanisms. BA treatment decreased the quantity of proteins involved in energy and carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism, and ipt-transgenic treatment increased that of stress-related proteins and molecular chaperones and slightly affected levels of carbohydrate metabolism proteins. Both treatments regulated genes involved in CK signaling, sugar transport, energy and carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism, although ipt-transgenic treatment to a lesser extent. BA treatment induced genes encoding molecular chaperones, whereas ipt-transgenic treatment induced stress-related genes for cellular protection during storage. Both BA and ipt-transgenic treatments acted antagonistically on ethylene functions. We propose a long-term acclimation of metabolism and protection systems with ipt-transgenic treatment of broccoli and short-term modulation of metabolism and establishment of a protection system with both BA and ipt-transgenic treatments in delaying senescence of broccoli florets. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Transgenic broccoli harboring senescence-associated-gene (SAG) promoter-triggered isopentenyltransferase (ipt), which encodes the key enzyme for cytokinin (CK) synthesis and N(6)-benzylaminopurine (BA) CK treated broccoli both showed retardation of postharvest senescence during storage. The mechanisms underlying the two treatments were compared. The combination of proteomic and transcriptomic evidences revealed that the 2 treatments conferred common and distinct mechanisms in delaying senescence of broccoli florets. We propose a long-term acclimation of metabolism and protection systems with ipt-transgenic treatment of broccoli and short-term modulation of metabolism and establishment of a protection system with both BA and ipt-transgenic treatments in delaying senescence of broccoli florets. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Translational Plant Proteomics.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
BA treatment reduced abundance of energy, carbohydrate and amino-acid metabolism proteins.
- Taxon
- broccoli
Brassica oleracea var. italicat0 - Treatment
- BA treatmente0
- Outcome
- quantity of proteins involved in energy and carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolisme0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BA treatment decreased the quantity of proteins involved in energy and carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
ipt-transgenic treatment increased stress-related proteins and molecular chaperones.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- ipt-transgenic treatmente0
- Outcome
- stress-related proteins and molecular chaperonese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ipt-transgenic treatment increased that of stress-related proteins and molecular chaperones”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
ipt-transgenic treatment slightly affected carbohydrate-metabolism proteins.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- ipt-transgenic treatmente0
- Outcome
- levels of carbohydrate metabolism proteinse0
- Qualifier
- slightly affectede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ipt-transgenic treatment increased that of stress-related proteins and molecular chaperones and slightly affected levels of carbohydrate metabolism proteins.”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
BA regulated genes involved in cytokinin signaling, sugar transport and energy, carbohydrate, amino-acid and lipid metabolism.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- BAe1
- Outcome
- genes involved in CK signaling, sugar transport, energy and carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolisme0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both treatments regulated genes involved in CK signaling, sugar transport, energy and carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism”
e1“Both BA and ipt-transgenic treatments acted antagonistically on ethylene functions.”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
ipt-transgenic treatment regulated those gene groups to a lesser extent.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- ipt-transgenic treatmente0
- Outcome
- genes involved in CK signaling, sugar transport, energy and carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolisme0
- Direction
- lesser extente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both treatments regulated genes involved in CK signaling, sugar transport, energy and carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism, although ipt-transgenic treatment to a lesser extent.”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
BA induced genes encoding molecular chaperones.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- BA treatmente0
- Outcome
- genes encoding molecular chaperonese0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BA treatment induced genes encoding molecular chaperones”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
ipt-transgenic treatment induced stress-related cellular-protection genes during storage.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- ipt-transgenic treatmente0
- Outcome
- stress-related genes for cellular protectione0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Qualifier
- during storagee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ipt-transgenic treatment induced stress-related genes for cellular protection during storage.”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
BA antagonized ethylene functions.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- BAe0
- Outcome
- ethylene functionse0
- Direction
- antagonisticallye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both BA and ipt-transgenic treatments acted antagonistically on ethylene functions.”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
ipt-transgenic treatment antagonized ethylene functions.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- ipt-transgenic treatmentse0
- Outcome
- ethylene functionse0
- Direction
- antagonisticallye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both BA and ipt-transgenic treatments acted antagonistically on ethylene functions.”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
BA treatment retarded postharvest senescence during storage.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Treatment
- N(6)-benzylaminopurine (BA) CKe0
- Outcome
- postharvest senescencee0
- Direction
- retardatione0
- Qualifier
- during storagee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N(6)-benzylaminopurine (BA) CK treated broccoli both showed retardation of postharvest senescence during storage.”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
ipt-transgenic broccoli retarded postharvest senescence during storage.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Treatment
- Transgenic broccoli harboring senescence-associated-gene (SAG) promoter-triggered isopentenyltransferase (ipt)e0
- Outcome
- postharvest senescencee0
- Direction
- retardatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transgenic broccoli harboring senescence-associated-gene (SAG) promoter-triggered isopentenyltransferase (ipt), which encodes the key enzyme for cytokinin (CK) synthesis and N(6)-benzylaminopurine (BA) CK treated broccoli both showed retardation of postharvest senescence during storage.”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.