Abstract
Abstract The form of nutrient solution nitrogen (either NH4‐N or NO3‐N or mixtures of the two) provided to plants influences the severity of many crop diseases. This greenhouse study was conducted to determine how growth, grain yield, and yield components of oat (Avena sativa L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants given nutrient solutions containing different ratios of NO3‐N to NH4‐N would react to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) infection. Fifteen‐day‐old seedlings (2nd leaf stage) were either infected with BYDV (PAV strain) or left uninfected. Nutrient solution treatments (started 19 d after germination) provided three ratios of NO3‐N to NH4‐N (100% NO3, 50:50 NH4:NO3, or 100% NH4) for a 30‐d period, after which plant height and tillers plant−1 were measured. Oat and wheat plants given NH4 had fewer tillers than plants given the other nutrient solution treatments. BYDV‐infected oat and wheat plants were shorter than uninfected plants. All pots then received NO3 nutrient solution until plant maturity, after which days to anthesis, primary tiller height, grain yield and yield components were measured. In the NH4 nutrient solution treatments, BYDV infection significantly reduced individual kernel weight in oat and primary tiller height in wheat. These same measures were not significantly affected by BYDV infection in the NO3 or NH4NO3 nutrient solution treatments. There were no other significant nutrient solution by BYDV infection interactions for any other dependent variable measured. Nutrient solution treatments had no significant effect on grain yield, but BYDV infection reduced grain yield by 45% in oat and 46% in wheat. In conclusion, nutrient solution N form interacted with BYDV infection to alter disease tolerance in oat (kernel weight) and wheat (primary tiller height), but these alterations had no effect in ameliorating grain yield loss caused by BYDV disease.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
NH4 nutrition reduced tiller count in oat.
- Taxon
- Oat
Avena sativae0 - Treatment
- NH4e0
- Outcome
- tillerse0
- Direction
- fewere0
- Comparator
- other nutrient solution treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Oat and wheat plants given NH4 had fewer tillers than plants given the other nutrient solution treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
NH4 nutrition reduced tiller count in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- NH4e0
- Outcome
- tillerse0
- Direction
- fewere0
- Comparator
- other nutrient solution treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Oat and wheat plants given NH4 had fewer tillers than plants given the other nutrient solution treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
BYDV infection shortened oat plants.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- BYDV‐infectede0
- Interactor
- BYDV
Barley yellow dwarf viruse0pathogen - Outcome
- plantse0
- Direction
- shortere0
- Comparator
- uninfected plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BYDV‐infected oat and wheat plants were shorter than uninfected plants”
Claim · model-written summary
BYDV infection shortened wheat plants.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- BYDV‐infectede0
- Interactor
- BYDVBarley yellow dwarf viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- plantse0
- Direction
- shortere0
- Comparator
- uninfected plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BYDV‐infected oat and wheat plants were shorter than uninfected plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Under NH4, BYDV reduced oat kernel weight.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- BYDV infectione0
- Interactor
- BYDVBarley yellow dwarf viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- individual kernel weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- NH4 nutrient solution treatmentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the NH4 nutrient solution treatments, BYDV infection significantly reduced individual kernel weight in oat”
Claim · model-written summary
Under NH4, BYDV reduced wheat primary tiller height.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- BYDV infectione0
- Interactor
- BYDVBarley yellow dwarf viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- primary tiller heighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BYDV infection significantly reduced individual kernel weight in oat and primary tiller height in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
BYDV did not significantly affect oat kernel weight under NO3 or NH4NO3.
- Treatment
- BYDV infectione0
- Interactor
- BYDVBarley yellow dwarf viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- same measurese0
- Qualifier
- NO3 or NH4NO3 nutrient solution treatmentse0
Not reportedTaxonComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These same measures were not significantly affected by BYDV infection in the NO3 or NH4NO3 nutrient solution treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Other nitrogen solution by BYDV interactions were not significant.
- Treatment
- nutrient solutione0
- Interactor
- BYDVBarley yellow dwarf viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- interactions for any other dependent variable measurede0
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were no other significant nutrient solution by BYDV infection interactions for any other dependent variable measured”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen solution did not significantly affect grain yield.
Not reportedTaxonComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Nutrient solution treatments had no significant effect on grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
BYDV infection reduced oat grain yield by 45%.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- BYDV infectione0
- Interactor
- BYDVBarley yellow dwarf viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 45%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BYDV infection reduced grain yield by 45% in oat and 46% in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
BYDV infection reduced wheat grain yield by 46%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- BYDV infectione0
- Interactor
- BYDVBarley yellow dwarf viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 46%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BYDV infection reduced grain yield by 45% in oat and 46% in wheat”
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See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.