Abstract
The effect of three rates (5, 10 and 20% w/v) and different spraying schedules (2, 4 and 6 weekly applications) of aqueous neem, Azadirachta indica (A. Juss) seed extracts was tested on legume pod borers, Maruca vitrata Fab. and the coreid bugs, Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stal on cowpea under field conditions in two cropping seasons in the northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria. Legume pod borers (LPB) were better controlled at 20% and 6 applications of neem seed extract compared with other plant material treatments and the untreated check but its values were not significantly different to the synthetic insecticide treatment. Although, at similar rate of neem seed extract, its control of the coreid bugs was inferior to the synthetic insecticide treatment but was superior to 10% and 5% rates of neem seed extracts at all application schedules. Cowpea pods were adequately protected from damage by the pests and grain yields were significantly higher at 10 and 20% extract rates with four or six application schedules compared with 5% extract at all schedules tested and the untreated control but its values were inferior to the synthetic insecticide treatment.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
At 20% and six applications, neem extract controlled legume pod borers better than other plant treatments and untreated check.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatae1 - Treatment
- 20% and 6 applications of neem seed extracte0
- Interactor
- Maruca vitrata Fab.
Maruca vitratae1pest - Outcome
- Legume pod borers (LPB)e0
- Direction
- better controllede0
- Comparator
- other plant material treatments and the untreated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Legume pod borers (LPB) were better controlled at 20% and 6 applications of neem seed extract compared with other plant material treatments and the untreated check”
e1“legume pod borers, Maruca vitrata Fab. and the coreid bugs, Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stal on cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Pod borer control at 20% and six applications was not significantly different from synthetic insecticide.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae2
- Treatment
- 20% and 6 applications of neem seed extracte1
- Interactor
- Maruca vitrata Fab.Maruca vitratae2pest
- Outcome
- Legume pod borers (LPB)e1
- Direction
- not significantly differente0
- Comparator
- synthetic insecticide treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but its values were not significantly different to the synthetic insecticide treatment”
e1“Legume pod borers (LPB) were better controlled at 20% and 6 applications of neem seed extract”
e2“legume pod borers, Maruca vitrata Fab. and the coreid bugs, Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stal on cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem control of coreid bugs was inferior to synthetic insecticide.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae1
- Treatment
- neem seed extracte0
- Interactor
- Clavigralla tomentosicollis StalClavigralla tomentosicollise1pest
- Outcome
- control of the coreid bugse0
- Direction
- inferiore0
- Comparator
- synthetic insecticide treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at similar rate of neem seed extract, its control of the coreid bugs was inferior to the synthetic insecticide treatment”
e1“the coreid bugs, Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stal on cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Coreid bug control at the higher neem rate exceeded control at 10% and 5% across schedules.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae2
- Treatment
- neem seed extracte1
- Interactor
- Clavigralla tomentosicollis StalClavigralla tomentosicollise2pest
- Outcome
- control of the coreid bugse1
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- 10% and 5% rates of neem seed extractse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was superior to 10% and 5% rates of neem seed extracts at all application schedules”
e1“at similar rate of neem seed extract, its control of the coreid bugs”
e2“the coreid bugs, Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stal on cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem extract adequately protected cowpea pods from pest damage.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- aqueous neem, Azadirachta indica (A. Juss) seed extractse1
- Outcome
- pods were adequately protected from damage by the pestse0
- Direction
- adequately protectede0
- Comparator
- the untreated controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cowpea pods were adequately protected from damage by the pests”
e1“aqueous neem, Azadirachta indica (A. Juss) seed extracts was tested”
e2“the untreated control”
Claim · model-written summary
Cowpea grain yields were significantly higher at 10% and 20% with four or six applications than at 5% or untreated control.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatae1
- Treatment
- 10 and 20% extract rates with four or six application schedulese0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- 5% extract at all schedules tested and the untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yields were significantly higher at 10 and 20% extract rates with four or six application schedules compared with 5% extract at all schedules tested and the untreated control”
e1“Cowpea pods were adequately protected”
Claim · model-written summary
Cowpea yield under neem remained inferior to synthetic insecticide.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatae1
- Treatment
- 10 and 20% extract rates with four or six application schedulese0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- inferiore0
- Comparator
- synthetic insecticide treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yields were significantly higher at 10 and 20% extract rates with four or six application schedules compared with 5% extract at all schedules tested and the untreated control but its values were inferior to the synthetic insecticide treatment”
e1“Cowpea pods were adequately protected”
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See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.