Abstract
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants showing severe chlorotic and necrotic ringspots, line patterns on leaves, and concentric chlorotic ringspots on stems and fruits were observed in plastic greenhouse-grown tomato crops cv. Royesta during the spring of 1996 in Zaragoza province, Northeast Spain. Symptoms were similar to those associated with Pelargonium zonate spot virus (PZSV) infection on tomato in Italy (1,2). The causal agent was mechanically transmitted from leaf, fruit, and stem samples to several indicator species. The following host reactions were recorded: chlorotic local lesions on Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, Cucumis sativus, and Cucurbita pepo, and systemic reactions, sometimes associated with localized reactions, on Capsicum annuum ‘Doux des Landes’ and ‘Yolo Wonder’, Datura stramonium, Gomphrena globosa, Nicotiana clevelandii, N. glutinosa, N. megalosiphon, N. rustica, N. sylvestris, N. tabacum ‘Paraguay’, ‘Samsun’, and ‘Xanthi nc’, Ocimum basilicum, Petunia hybrida, Physalis floridana, Solanum melongena, and Vigna unguiculata. Symptoms obtained in indicator species were erratic. During the spring of 1999, naturally occurring symptoms appeared again on tomato plants, cultivars Royesta and Bond, growing in greenhouses in the same area. Positive serological reactions with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a commercial PZSV antiserum (Agdia Inc.), developed against an Italian isolate of PZSV, were obtained with extracts from leaves, stems, and fruits of tomato plants naturally infected (1999) and from systemically infected indicator species mechanically inoculated with sap from tomato samples (1996 and 1999). Serological results were confirmed by molecular hybridization analysis using a PZSV-specific riboprobe (D. Gallitelli, personal communication). Some of the weeds growing around the greenhouses (Capsella bursa-pastoris, Diplotaxis erucoides, Picris echioides, and Sonchus oleraceus) also tested positive for PZSV (A 405nm values greater than three times that of healthy plants). However, other weed species such as Anacyclus tomentosus, Beta maritima, Cardaria draba, Malva sylvestris, Medicago sp., Polygonum aviculare, Rumex sp., and Sisymbrium irio tested negative, while results from tests on Borago officinalis, Bromus rigidus, and Convolvulus arvensis were inconclusive. Symptoms like those of naturally infected tomato plants were reproduced by mechanically inoculating tomato seedlings with sap from PZSV-infected tobacco (Nicotiana glutinosa and N. tabacum ‘Paraguay’) or from Physalis floridana plants. References: (1) D. Gallitelli. Ann. Appl. Biol. 100:457, 1982. (2) C. Vovlas et al. Inform. Fitopatol. 2:39, 1986.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Greenhouse tomato plants showed severe ringspot and line symptoms in leaves, stems, and fruits.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Material
- Royestae0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- severe chlorotic and necrotic ringspots, line patterns on leaves, and concentric chlorotic ringspots on stems and fruitse0
- Setting
- Zaragoza province, Northeast Spaine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants showing severe chlorotic and necrotic ringspots, line patterns on leaves, and concentric chlorotic ringspots on stems and fruits were observed in plastic greenhouse-grown tomato crops cv. Royesta during the spring of 1996 in Zaragoza province, Northeast Spain.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sap from symptomatic tomato produced chlorotic local lesions in four indicator species.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium amaranticolor
Chenopodium amaranticolore0 - Interactor
- Pelargonium zonate spot virusPelargonium zonate spot virust0pathogen
- Outcome
- chlorotic local lesionse0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chlorotic local lesions on Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, Cucumis sativus, and Cucurbita pepo”
t0“Pelargonium zonate spot virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Sap from tomato caused systemic reactions in multiple indicator species.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuum
Capsicum annuume0 - Interactor
- Pelargonium zonate spot virusPelargonium zonate spot virust0pathogen
- Outcome
- systemic reactionse0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“systemic reactions, sometimes associated with localized reactions, on Capsicum annuum ‘Doux des Landes’ and ‘Yolo Wonder’, Datura stramonium, Gomphrena globosa, Nicotiana clevelandii, N. glutinosa, N. megalosiphon, N. rustica, N. sylvestris, N. tabacum ‘Paraguay’, ‘Samsun’, and ‘Xanthi nc’, Ocimum basilicum, Petunia hybrida, Physalis floridana, Solanum melongena, and Vigna unguiculata”
t0“Pelargonium zonate spot virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Symptoms recurred in Royesta and Bond tomato in local greenhouses in spring 1999.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Material
- Royesta and Bonde0
- Outcome
- naturally occurring symptomse0
- Setting
- greenhousese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During the spring of 1999, naturally occurring symptoms appeared again on tomato plants, cultivars Royesta and Bond, growing in greenhouses in the same area.”
Claim · model-written summary
ELISA gave positive PZSV reactions in naturally infected tomato tissues and inoculated indicator species.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- leaves, stems, and fruitse0
- Interactor
- PZSVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- Positive serological reactionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Positive serological reactions with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a commercial PZSV antiserum (Agdia Inc.), developed against an Italian isolate of PZSV, were obtained with extracts from leaves, stems, and fruits of tomato plants naturally infected (1999) and from systemically infected indicator species mechanically inoculated with sap from tomato samples (1996 and 1999).”
Claim · model-written summary
Molecular hybridization confirmed the serological results.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- PZSVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- Serological results were confirmed by molecular hybridization analysise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Serological results were confirmed by molecular hybridization analysis using a PZSV-specific riboprobe”
t0“Tomato and Weed Species by Pelargonium zonate spot virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Four weed species near the greenhouses tested positive for PZSV.
- Taxon
- Capsella bursa-pastoris
Capsella bursa-pastorise0 - Interactor
- PZSVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- tested positive for PZSVe0
- Value
- A 405nm values greater than three times that of healthy plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Some of the weeds growing around the greenhouses (Capsella bursa-pastoris, Diplotaxis erucoides, Picris echioides, and Sonchus oleraceus) also tested positive for PZSV (A 405nm values greater than three times that of healthy plants).”
Claim · model-written summary
Eight other weed taxa tested negative for PZSV.
- Taxon
- Anacyclus tomentosuse0
- Interactor
- Pelargonium zonate spot virusPelargonium zonate spot virust0pathogen
- Outcome
- tested negativee0
Verbatim
e0“other weed species such as Anacyclus tomentosus, Beta maritima, Cardaria draba, Malva sylvestris, Medicago sp., Polygonum aviculare, Rumex sp., and Sisymbrium irio tested negative”
t0“Pelargonium zonate spot virus”
Claim · model-written summary
PZSV tests on Borago officinalis, Bromus rigidus, and Convolvulus arvensis were inconclusive.
- Taxon
- Borago officinalis
.jpg?width=60)
Borago officinalise0 - Interactor
- Pelargonium zonate spot virusPelargonium zonate spot virust0pathogen
- Outcome
- results from testse0
- Qualifier
- inconclusivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“results from tests on Borago officinalis, Bromus rigidus, and Convolvulus arvensis were inconclusive”
t0“Pelargonium zonate spot virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Mechanical inoculation with sap from infected tobacco or Physalis reproduced natural infection symptoms in tomato seedlings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- seedlingse0
- Treatment
- mechanically inoculating tomato seedlings with sap from PZSV-infected tobaccoe0
- Interactor
- PZSVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- Symptoms like those of naturally infected tomato plantse0
- Comparator
- naturally infected tomato plantse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Symptoms like those of naturally infected tomato plants were reproduced by mechanically inoculating tomato seedlings with sap from PZSV-infected tobacco (Nicotiana glutinosa and N. tabacum ‘Paraguay’) or from Physalis floridana plants.”
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