Abstract
Abstract We applied 4‐amino‐3,5,6‐trichloropicolinic acid (picloram) to eight species of herbaceous plants 14 days after planting. Analysis of aerial portions 21 days after planting revealed a significant stimulation in fresh weight of corn, sorghum, cotton, cowpea, and soybean treated at from 0.25 to 0.50 ppb, and wheat at 100 ppb. Significant stimulation in dry weight was noted in corn, sorghum, cotton, and soybean at 0.25 ppb, and cowpea at 1.0 ppb. Significant decreases in fresh and dry weight occurred in corn, wheat, and sorghum at 1000 ppb, and all dicot species at 100 ppb. Herbicide treatments had no effect on the dry weights of rice and wheat, or fresh weight of rice. Herbicide treatments caused reduction in soluble protein concentrations in all monocot species and sunflower. Significant increases in soluble protein occurred at 1.0 and 0.25 ppb in cotton and cowpea, respectively.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Picloram at 0.25 to 0.50 ppb significantly stimulated fresh weight of corn, sorghum, cotton, cowpea and soybean.
- Taxon
- corn, sorghum, cotton, cowpea, and soybean
Gossypium hirsutum
Glycine max
Vigna unguiculata
Sorghum
Zea mays subsp. mayse2 - Treatment
- piclorame1
- Outcome
- fresh weighte2
- Direction
- stimulatione2
- Qualifier
- 0.25 to 0.50 ppbe2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“(picloram)”
e2“significant stimulation in fresh weight of corn, sorghum, cotton, cowpea, and soybean treated at from 0.25 to 0.50 ppb”
Claim · model-written summary
Picloram at 100 ppb significantly stimulated fresh weight of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume2 - Treatment
- piclorame1
- Outcome
- fresh weighte2
- Direction
- stimulatione2
- Qualifier
- 100 ppbe2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“(picloram)”
e2“significant stimulation in fresh weight of corn, sorghum, cotton, cowpea, and soybean treated at from 0.25 to 0.50 ppb, and wheat at 100 ppb”
Claim · model-written summary
Picloram at 0.25 ppb significantly stimulated dry weight of corn, sorghum, cotton and soybean.
- Taxon
- corn, sorghum, cotton, and soybeanGossypium hirsutumGlycine maxSorghumZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Treatment
- piclorame1
- Outcome
- dry weighte2
- Direction
- stimulatione2
- Qualifier
- 0.25 ppbe2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“(picloram)”
e2“Significant stimulation in dry weight was noted in corn, sorghum, cotton, and soybean at 0.25 ppb”
Claim · model-written summary
Picloram at 1.0 ppb significantly stimulated dry weight of cowpea.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae2
- Treatment
- piclorame1
- Outcome
- dry weighte2
- Direction
- stimulatione2
- Qualifier
- 1.0 ppbe2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“(picloram)”
e2“Significant stimulation in dry weight was noted in corn, sorghum, cotton, and soybean at 0.25 ppb, and cowpea at 1.0 ppb”
Claim · model-written summary
Picloram at 1000 ppb significantly decreased fresh and dry weight of corn, wheat and sorghum.
- Taxon
- corn, wheat, and sorghumSorghumTriticum aestivumZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Treatment
- piclorame1
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weighte2
- Direction
- decreasese2
- Qualifier
- 1000 ppbe2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“(picloram)”
e2“Significant decreases in fresh and dry weight occurred in corn, wheat, and sorghum at 1000 ppb”
Claim · model-written summary
Picloram at 100 ppb significantly decreased fresh and dry weight of all dicot species.
- Taxon
- all dicot speciese2
- Treatment
- piclorame1
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weighte2
- Direction
- decreasese2
- Qualifier
- 100 ppbe2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“(picloram)”
e2“Significant decreases in fresh and dry weight occurred in corn, wheat, and sorghum at 1000 ppb, and all dicot species at 100 ppb”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide treatments had no effect on dry weights of rice and wheat or on fresh weight of rice.
- Taxon
- rice and wheat
Oryza sativaTriticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- Herbicide treatmentse1
- Outcome
- dry weights of rice and wheat, or fresh weight of ricee1
- Direction
- no effecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Herbicide treatments had no effect on the dry weights of rice and wheat, or fresh weight of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide treatments reduced soluble protein concentrations in all monocot species and sunflower.
- Taxon
- all monocot species and sunflowere1
- Treatment
- Herbicide treatmentse1
- Outcome
- soluble protein concentrationse1
- Direction
- reductione1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Herbicide treatments caused reduction in soluble protein concentrations in all monocot species and sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Picloram significantly increased soluble protein in cotton at 1.0 ppb.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Treatment
- piclorame1
- Outcome
- soluble proteine2
- Direction
- increasese2
- Qualifier
- 1.0e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“(picloram)”
e2“Significant increases in soluble protein occurred at 1.0 and 0.25 ppb in cotton and cowpea, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Picloram significantly increased soluble protein in cowpea at 0.25 ppb.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae2
- Treatment
- piclorame1
- Outcome
- soluble proteine2
- Direction
- increasese2
- Qualifier
- 0.25 ppbe2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“(picloram)”
e2“Significant increases in soluble protein occurred at 1.0 and 0.25 ppb in cotton and cowpea, respectively”
The same questions in other papers
picloram · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
picloram · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
picloram · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
picloram · growth · SorghumResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
herbicide · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
30 papers in the same direction as this paper · 92 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
119 papers more in this group
See all 123 papers →herbicide · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
51 papers in the same direction as this paper · 64 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
112 papers more in this group
See all 116 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.