Abstract
Volunteer Enlist corn with the AAD-1 (aryloxyalkanoate dioxygenase-1) transgene can become a problem when glyphosate-resistant (GR) soybean follows Enlist corn in the rotation. Field trials were conducted at Ridgetown, Ontario in 2013 and 2014 to evaluate the control of volunteer Enlist corn in GR soybean. Glyphosate plus clethodim at 30 g ai ha −1 provided 75 to 92% control of volunteer Enlist corn at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after treatment application (WAT) and reduced volunteer Enlist corn density and dry weight 95 to 97%. Glyphosate plus clethodim at 60 g ai ha −1 provided 84 to 98% control of volunteer Enlist corn at 1, 2, 4, and 8 WAT and reduced volunteer Enlist corn density and dry weight 97 to 99%. Glyphosate plus sethoxydim at 150 g ai ha −1 provided 66 to 86% control of volunteer Enlist corn at 1, 2, 4, and 8 WAT and reduced volunteer Enlist corn density and dry weight 91 to 97%. Glyphosate plus sethoxydim at 300 g ha −1 provided 84 to 96% control of volunteer Enlist corn at 1, 2, 4, and 8 WAT and reduced volunteer Enlist corn density and dry weight 96 to 98%. Glyphosate plus fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, fluazifop-p-butyl, and quizalofop-p-ethyl applied POST provided 0 to 9% control of volunteer Enlist corn at 1, 2, 4, and 8 WAT and reduced volunteer Enlist corn density and dry weight 18 to 44%. Soybean yields closely reflected the level of volunteer Enlist corn control. Based on these results, the cyclohexanedione herbicides, clethodim and sethoxydim, provide adequate control of volunteer Enlist corn in GR soybean. In contrast, the aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, fluazifop-p-butyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl do not provide control of volunteer Enlist corn in GR soybean.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate plus clethodim at 30 g ai ha −1 controlled 75 to 92% of volunteer corn.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- Glyphosate plus clethodim at 30 g ai ha −1e0
- Interactor
- volunteer Enlist corne0weed
- Outcome
- control of volunteer Enlist corne0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- 75 to 92%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate plus clethodim at 30 g ai ha −1 provided 75 to 92% control of volunteer Enlist corn at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after treatment application (WAT)”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
This treatment reduced volunteer corn density and dry weight 95 to 97%.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate plus clethodim at 30 g ai ha −1e0
- Interactor
- volunteer Enlist corne0weed
- Outcome
- volunteer Enlist corn density and dry weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 95 to 97%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate plus clethodim at 30 g ai ha −1 provided 75 to 92% control of volunteer Enlist corn at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after treatment application (WAT) and reduced volunteer Enlist corn density and dry weight 95 to 97%”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate plus clethodim at 60 g ai ha −1 controlled 84 to 98% of volunteer corn.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate plus clethodim at 60 g ai ha −1e0
- Interactor
- volunteer Enlist corne0weed
- Outcome
- control of volunteer Enlist corne0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- 84 to 98%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate plus clethodim at 60 g ai ha −1 provided 84 to 98% control of volunteer Enlist corn at 1, 2, 4, and 8 WAT”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
This higher clethodim dose reduced volunteer corn density and dry weight 97 to 99%.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate plus clethodim at 60 g ai ha −1e0
- Interactor
- volunteer Enlist corne0weed
- Outcome
- volunteer Enlist corn density and dry weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 97 to 99%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate plus clethodim at 60 g ai ha −1 provided 84 to 98% control of volunteer Enlist corn at 1, 2, 4, and 8 WAT and reduced volunteer Enlist corn density and dry weight 97 to 99%”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate plus sethoxydim at 150 g ai ha −1 controlled 66 to 86% of volunteer corn.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate plus sethoxydim at 150 g ai ha −1e0
- Interactor
- volunteer Enlist corne0weed
- Outcome
- control of volunteer Enlist corne0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- 66 to 86%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate plus sethoxydim at 150 g ai ha −1 provided 66 to 86% control of volunteer Enlist corn”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
This sethoxydim dose reduced volunteer corn density and dry weight 91 to 97%.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate plus sethoxydim at 150 g ai ha −1e0
- Interactor
- volunteer Enlist corne0weed
- Outcome
- volunteer Enlist corn density and dry weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 91 to 97%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate plus sethoxydim at 150 g ai ha −1 provided 66 to 86% control of volunteer Enlist corn at 1, 2, 4, and 8 WAT and reduced volunteer Enlist corn density and dry weight 91 to 97%”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate plus sethoxydim at 300 g ha −1 controlled 84 to 96% of volunteer corn.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate plus sethoxydim at 300 g ha −1e0
- Interactor
- volunteer Enlist corne0weed
- Outcome
- control of volunteer Enlist corne0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- 84 to 96%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate plus sethoxydim at 300 g ha −1 provided 84 to 96% control of volunteer Enlist corn”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The higher sethoxydim dose reduced volunteer corn density and dry weight 96 to 98%.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate plus sethoxydim at 300 g ha −1e0
- Interactor
- volunteer Enlist corne0weed
- Outcome
- volunteer Enlist corn density and dry weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 96 to 98%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate plus sethoxydim at 300 g ha −1 provided 84 to 96% control of volunteer Enlist corn at 1, 2, 4, and 8 WAT and reduced volunteer Enlist corn density and dry weight 96 to 98%”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
POST aryloxyphenoxypropionate treatments provided 0 to 9% volunteer corn control.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate plus fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, fluazifop-p-butyl, and quizalofop-p-ethyl applied POSTe0
- Interactor
- volunteer Enlist corne0weed
- Outcome
- control of volunteer Enlist corne0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- 0 to 9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate plus fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, fluazifop-p-butyl, and quizalofop-p-ethyl applied POST provided 0 to 9% control of volunteer Enlist corn”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
POST aryloxyphenoxypropionates reduced volunteer corn density and dry weight 18 to 44%.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate plus fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, fluazifop-p-butyl, and quizalofop-p-ethyl applied POSTe0
- Interactor
- volunteer Enlist corne0weed
- Outcome
- volunteer Enlist corn density and dry weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 18 to 44%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate plus fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, fluazifop-p-butyl, and quizalofop-p-ethyl applied POST provided 0 to 9% control of volunteer Enlist corn at 1, 2, 4, and 8 WAT and reduced volunteer Enlist corn density and dry weight 18 to 44%”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean yield closely reflected volunteer corn control.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Interactor
- volunteer Enlist corne0weed
- Outcome
- Soybean yieldse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean yields closely reflected the level of volunteer Enlist corn control”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors concluded clethodim and sethoxydim provide adequate volunteer corn control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Interactor
- volunteer Enlist corne0weed
- Outcome
- adequate control of volunteer Enlist corne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“clethodim and sethoxydim, provide adequate control of volunteer Enlist corn in GR soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors concluded fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, fluazifop-p-butyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl do not control volunteer corn.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Interactor
- volunteer Enlist corne0weed
- Outcome
- do not provide control of volunteer Enlist corne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, fluazifop-p-butyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl do not provide control of volunteer Enlist corn in GR soybean”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 22 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
36 papers more in this group
See all 40 papers →quizalofop-P-ethyl · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
Sethoxydim · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →clethodim · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →glyphosate · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
69 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
72 papers more in this group
See all 76 papers →quizalofop-P-ethyl · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
fluazifop-P-butyl · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.