Abstract
Abstract Chemical desiccation is often desirable to hasten maturity so seed can be harvested earlier than normal. Soybeans { Glycine max (L.) Merr.} were sprayed with paraquat (1,1′‐dimethyl‐4,4′‐bipyridinium ion) at 0.6 and 1.1 kg/ha, glyphosphate {N‐(phosphonomethyl) glycine} at 1.7 and 3.4 kg/ha, and ametryn }2‐(ethylamino)‐4‐isopropyl amino‐6‐methythio‐ s ‐triazine} at 1.1 and 2.2 kg/ha 4, 3, and 2 weeks before the estimated harvest date to desiccate the soybeans and accelerate harvest. The objective was to determine the effect of pre‐harvest chemical desiccation on seed yield and quality. In field experiments, on a fine, montmorillonitic mesic Aquic Arguidoll, Flanagan series soil, harvest was accelerated, but all chemicals significantly reduced yields when they were applied 3 and 4 weeks before harvest. Yields were not significantly reduced by applications 2 weeks before harvest. Paraquat was the most effective desiccant for accelerating soybean harvest. Paraquat also reduced yield and seed weight the most while glyphosate had the least effect. Growth chamber studies indicate that ametryn and paraquat did not affect seed germination or seedling vigor, but all glyphosate applications significantly reduced germination and soybean seedling vigor. Chemical desiccation of soybeans prior to physiological maturity will significantly lower soybean yields. Glyphosate is not recommended as a desiccant.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Desiccant treatments accelerated soybean harvest.
- Taxon
- Soybeans
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- all chemicalse0
- Outcome
- harveste0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“harvest was accelerated, but all chemicals significantly reduced yields when they were applied 3 and 4 weeks before harvest.”
e1“Soybeans { Glycine max (L.) Merr.} were sprayed with paraquat”
Claim · model-written summary
Application three or four weeks before harvest significantly reduced soybean yield.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- all chemicalse0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- 3 and 4 weeks before harveste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all chemicals significantly reduced yields when they were applied 3 and 4 weeks before harvest.”
e1“Soybeans { Glycine max (L.) Merr.} were sprayed with paraquat”
Claim · model-written summary
Applications two weeks before harvest did not significantly reduce soybean yield.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- applications 2 weeks before harveste0
- Outcome
- Yieldse0
- Direction
- not significantly reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yields were not significantly reduced by applications 2 weeks before harvest.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Paraquat was the most effective desiccant for accelerating harvest.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Paraquate0
- Outcome
- accelerating soybean harveste0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Paraquat was the most effective desiccant for accelerating soybean harvest.”
Claim · model-written summary
Paraquat reduced soybean yield most among the desiccants.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“Paraquat also reduced yield and seed weight the most while glyphosate had the least effect.”
Claim · model-written summary
Paraquat reduced soybean seed weight most among the desiccants.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Paraquate0
- Outcome
- seed weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- glyphosatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“Paraquat also reduced yield and seed weight the most while glyphosate had the least effect.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ametryn and paraquat did not affect seed germination or seedling vigor in growth chambers.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- ametryn and paraquate0
- Outcome
- seed germination or seedling vigore0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Setting
- Growth chambere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“Growth chamber studies indicate that ametryn and paraquat did not affect seed germination or seedling vigor”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate applications significantly reduced germination.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- glyphosate applicationse0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“all glyphosate applications significantly reduced germination and soybean seedling vigor.”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate applications significantly reduced soybean seedling vigor.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- glyphosate applicationse0
- Outcome
- soybean seedling vigore0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all glyphosate applications significantly reduced germination and soybean seedling vigor.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors advised against glyphosate as a desiccant.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Glyphosate is not recommended as a desiccante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“Glyphosate is not recommended as a desiccant.”
The same questions in other papers
paraquat · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
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- positive
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See all 8 papers →paraquat · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
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See all 12 papers →glyphosate · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction
- negative
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36 papers more in this group
See all 40 papers →ametryn · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.