Abstract
The effects of adding nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) to wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Matong) at heading on the concentrations of nutrients in the plant, on grain and flour composition and milling and baking quality were studied. The crop was grown on a red- brown earth in the Goulburn Valley irrigation area of northern Victoria. There were 2 application rates of urea, 0 and 50 kg N/ha combined factorially with 2 application rates of calcium sulfate, 0 and 20 kg S/ha.Additions of N increased the concentrations of both N and S in the grain and increased protein level, but grain N:S ratio remained unaffected. Sulfur application had no effect on grain composition or on flour or dough properties. A standard range of baking tests showed that the extra protein synthesised was functional protein contributing to the dough properties in an additive manner. The N treatment lowered the hot paste viscosity and the brightness of the cold paste suggesting that there was a qualitative effect on the starch component as well as a lowering of starch content as the protein increased. There was no indication of any deleterious effects on quality arising from the late application of N as has been found by other workers.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen addition increased grain nitrogen and sulfur concentrations and protein level.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Ne0
- Outcome
- concentrations of both N and S in the grain and increased protein levele0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Additions of N increased the concentrations of both N and S in the grain and increased protein level, but grain N:S ratio remained unaffected.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen addition left grain N:S ratio unchanged.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- grain N:S ratioe0
- Direction
- remained unaffectede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain N:S ratio remained unaffected.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur application had no effect on grain, flour or dough composition and properties.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Sulfur applicatione0
- Outcome
- grain composition or on flour or dough propertiese0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sulfur application had no effect on grain composition or on flour or dough properties.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Extra synthesized protein contributed additively to dough properties.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- dough propertiese0
- Qualifier
- functional proteine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the extra protein synthesised was functional protein contributing to the dough properties in an additive manner.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen treatment lowered hot paste viscosity and cold paste brightness.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N treatmente0
- Outcome
- hot paste viscosity and the brightness of the cold pastee0
- Direction
- lowerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The N treatment lowered the hot paste viscosity and the brightness of the cold paste”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors inferred altered starch quality and lower starch content as protein increased.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- starch contente0
- Direction
- loweringe0
- Qualifier
- protein increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suggesting that there was a qualitative effect on the starch component as well as a lowering of starch content as the protein increased.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Late nitrogen application showed no deleterious quality effect.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- late application of Ne0
- Outcome
- qualitye0
- Direction
- no indication of any deleterious effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no indication of any deleterious effects on quality arising from the late application of N”
t0“wheat”
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See all 37 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.