Abstract
Abstract Five field experiments are described which measured the effect of three sources of nitrogen (N) fertilizer, applied at 45 kg N/ha, on the incidence of take‐all and grain yield of wheat. The N fertilizers were ammonium sulphate, ammonium chloride, and sodium nitrate. Compared with the Nil N treatment, ammonium‐nitrogen fertilizer, either as ammonium sulphate (ASdr) or ammonium chloride (ACdr) drilled with the seed, lowered the severity of take‐all. Sodium nitrate topdressed (SNtd) to the soil surface reduced the severity of take‐all in three of five experiments, while ammonium sulphate topdressed (Astd) reduced the severity in four of the five experiments. Ammonium sulphate and ammonium chloride drilled with the seed were equally effective in reducing the severity of take‐all in three of the five experiments. However, ACdr was more effective than ASdr in reducing the severity of take‐all in one experiment whereas ASdr was more effective than ACdr in another experiment. In these two experiments (1 and 5), the effects of the reduction in take‐all severity between the ASdr and ACdr treatments did not affect grain yield. The results suggest that grain yield losses from take‐all are most severe where wheat plants are deficient in N. Chloride containing fertilizers are unlikely to control take‐all disease of wheat on soils of southwestern Australia.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Seed-drilled ammonium sulphate reduced take-all severity relative to nil nitrogen.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- ammonium sulphate (ASdr)e0
- Outcome
- severity of take‐alle0
- Direction
- lowerede0
- Comparator
- Nil N treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with the Nil N treatment, ammonium‐nitrogen fertilizer, either as ammonium sulphate (ASdr) or ammonium chloride (ACdr) drilled with the seed, lowered the severity of take‐all”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed-drilled ammonium chloride reduced take-all severity relative to nil nitrogen.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ammonium chloride (ACdr)e0
- Outcome
- severity of take‐alle0
- Direction
- lowerede0
- Comparator
- Nil N treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with the Nil N treatment, ammonium‐nitrogen fertilizer, either as ammonium sulphate (ASdr) or ammonium chloride (ACdr) drilled with the seed, lowered the severity of take‐all”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Topdressed sodium nitrate reduced take-all severity in three of five experiments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Sodium nitrate topdressed (SNtd)e0
- Outcome
- severity of take‐alle0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- three of five experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium nitrate topdressed (SNtd) to the soil surface reduced the severity of take‐all in three of five experiments”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Topdressed ammonium sulphate reduced take-all severity in four of five experiments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ammonium sulphate topdressed (Astd)e0
- Outcome
- severitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- four of the five experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ammonium sulphate topdressed (Astd) reduced the severity in four of the five experiments”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed-drilled ammonium sulphate and ammonium chloride were equally effective in three of five experiments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Ammonium sulphatee0
- Outcome
- severity of take‐alle0
- Direction
- equally effectivee0
- Value
- three of the five experimentse0
- Comparator
- ammonium chloridee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ammonium sulphate and ammonium chloride drilled with the seed were equally effective in reducing the severity of take‐all in three of the five experiments”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium chloride was more effective than ammonium sulphate against take-all in one experiment.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ACdre0
- Outcome
- severity of take‐alle0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Value
- one experimente0
- Comparator
- ASdre0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ACdr was more effective than ASdr in reducing the severity of take‐all in one experiment”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium sulphate was more effective than ammonium chloride against take-all in another experiment.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ASdre0
- Outcome
- more effectivee0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Value
- another experimente0
- Comparator
- ACdre0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ASdr was more effective than ACdr in another experiment”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Differences in take-all severity between fertilizer treatments did not affect grain yield in experiments 1 and 5.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ASdre0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Qualifier
- experiments (1 and 5)e0
- Comparator
- ACdre0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In these two experiments (1 and 5), the effects of the reduction in take‐all severity between the ASdr and ACdr treatments did not affect grain yield”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield losses from take-all appear most severe in nitrogen-deficient wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Compound
- Ne0
- Outcome
- grain yield losses from take‐alle0
- Direction
- most severee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield losses from take‐all are most severe where wheat plants are deficient in N”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloride-containing fertilizers are unlikely to control wheat take-all on southwestern Australian soils.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Chloride containing fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- control take‐all diseasee0
- Qualifier
- unlikelye0
- Setting
- southwestern Australiae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chloride containing fertilizers are unlikely to control take‐all disease of wheat on soils of southwestern Australia”
The same questions in other papers
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- no effect
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See all 107 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.