Abstract
ABSTRACT The effects of humic substances (AgriPlus, Humi-Zyme, and Humic Acid 6%) and nitrogen (N) on growth, yield, quality, and leaf minerals in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) were studied during 1997–2000. Trees receiving medium or high N tended to be larger than trees with other treatments in 2000. Trees receiving AgriPlus with high N had higher yield than untreated control trees in 1998. Trees receiving medium N had larger fruits than control trees. Fruits of trees receiving high N (alone) had less red color than the control. Soluble solids concentrations (SSC) in fruits of all treatments were higher than those of the control at harvest in 1999. Fruit from the untreated control and low Humi-Zyme tended to be firmer than that from other treatments. The untreated control and low Humi-Zyme trees had lower leaf N and manganese (Mn), but higher leaf potassium (K) than trees under most other treatments. Leaf iron (Fe) in trees receiving medium Humi-Zyme was higher than that in the untreated control in two years. AgriPlus-treated trees showed higher water retention in the root zone. Keywords: Malus domestica organic apple productionpostharvest physiologystorage Notes z The values within columns are significantly different if followed by different letters. Mean separation is by LSD at 5% level. z The values within columns are significantly different if followed by different letters. Mean separation is by LSD at 5% level. z The values within columns are significantly different if followed by different letters. Mean separation is by LSD at 5% level. z The values within columns are significantly different if followed by different letters. Mean separation is by LSD at 5% level.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Medium or high N tended to make trees larger in 2000.
- Taxon
- Apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- medium or high Ne0
- Outcome
- largere0
- Direction
- largere0
- Qualifier
- 2000e0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trees receiving medium or high N tended to be larger than trees with other treatments in 2000”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
AgriPlus plus high N increased yield over untreated controls in 1998.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- AgriPlus with high Ne0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- 1998e0
- Comparator
- untreated control treese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trees receiving AgriPlus with high N had higher yield than untreated control trees in 1998”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium N increased fruit size versus controls.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- medium Ne0
- Outcome
- fruitse0
- Direction
- largere0
- Comparator
- control treese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trees receiving medium N had larger fruits than control trees”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
High N alone reduced red fruit color.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- high N (alone)e0
- Outcome
- red colore0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruits of trees receiving high N (alone) had less red color than the control”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Every treatment raised fruit soluble solids versus controls at harvest in 1999.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- all treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Soluble solids concentrations (SSC)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- at harvest in 1999e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soluble solids concentrations (SSC) in fruits of all treatments were higher than those of the control at harvest in 1999”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Control and low Humi-Zyme fruit tended to be firmer than other treatments.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- low Humi-Zymee0
- Outcome
- firmere0
- Direction
- firmere0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit from the untreated control and low Humi-Zyme tended to be firmer than that from other treatments”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Control and low Humi-Zyme trees had lower leaf N.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- low Humi-Zymee0
- Outcome
- leaf Ne0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- most other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The untreated control and low Humi-Zyme trees had lower leaf N and manganese (Mn), but higher leaf potassium (K) than trees under most other treatments”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Control and low Humi-Zyme trees had lower leaf manganese.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- low Humi-Zymee0
- Outcome
- manganese (Mn)e0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- most other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The untreated control and low Humi-Zyme trees had lower leaf N and manganese (Mn), but higher leaf potassium (K) than trees under most other treatments”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Control and low Humi-Zyme trees had higher leaf potassium.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- low Humi-Zymee0
- Outcome
- leaf potassium (K)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- most other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The untreated control and low Humi-Zyme trees had lower leaf N and manganese (Mn), but higher leaf potassium (K) than trees under most other treatments”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium Humi-Zyme raised leaf iron above control in two years.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- medium Humi-Zymee0
- Outcome
- Leaf iron (Fe)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- two yearse0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf iron (Fe) in trees receiving medium Humi-Zyme was higher than that in the untreated control in two years”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
AgriPlus treatment increased root-zone water retention.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- AgriPluse0
- Outcome
- water retention in the root zonee0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AgriPlus-treated trees showed higher water retention in the root zone”
t0“Apple”
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See all 22 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.