Abstract
The imbibition of pea ( Pisum sativum L.) seeds proceeds slowly in cold water, with little effect on subsequent vigor; soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds imbibe cold water rapidly, and suffer significant vigor loss. When the imbibitional rate of peas was increased by nicking the seed coats, the peas became susceptible to chilling injury. Conversely, when the rate of soybean imbibitionwas slowed with a solution of polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000), their susceptibility to imbibitional chilling was considerably lessened. Sensitivity to imbibitional chilling is thus a consequence of the rate of cold water uptake. Cellular damage to cold‐imbibed peas and soybeans was assessed as inability to reduce triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC). Peas showed only a low level of damage when imbibed with intact seed coats at 2 C, but increased damage when imbibed with nicked seed coats. Soybeans, however, showed considerable cellular damage when imbibed intact, and no further damage when imbibed with nicked seed coats. Pea seed coats thus offer considerable protection against rapid imbibition and chilling damage, whereas the soybean seed coat offers little. Soybeans with black‐pigmented seed coats imbibed water more slowly than nonpigmented soybeans. Blackpigmented soybeans also showed less vigor loss following imbibition at 0 C, and exhibited no cellular damage as determined with TTC stain. Vigor of blackpigmented seeds after 23 C imbibition was less than that of nonpigmented, however, due to a slower rate of radicle penetration of the tougher black seed coats.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Pea seeds imbibed cold water slowly with little later vigor effect.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- imbibitione1
- Direction
- slowlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pea ( Pisum sativum L.) seeds proceeds slowly in cold water, with little effect on subsequent vigor”
e1“The imbibition of pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean seeds imbibed cold water rapidly and lost vigor significantly.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- vigor losse0
- Direction
- losse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds imbibe cold water rapidly, and suffer significant vigor loss”
Claim · model-written summary
Nicking pea seed coats increased susceptibility to chilling injury.
- Taxon
- peasLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- nicking the seed coatse0
- Outcome
- susceptible to chilling injurye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rate of peas was increased by nicking the seed coats, the peas became susceptible to chilling injury”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG 6000 slowing of soybean imbibition lessened chilling susceptibility.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- a solution of polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000)e0
- Outcome
- susceptibility to imbibitional chillinge0
- Direction
- lessenede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rate of soybean imbibitionwas slowed with a solution of polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000), their susceptibility to imbibitional chilling was considerably lessened”
Claim · model-written summary
Intact pea seed coats at 2 C showed low cellular damage.
- Taxon
- PeasLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- damagee0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Qualifier
- intact seed coats at 2 Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peas showed only a low level of damage when imbibed with intact seed coats at 2 C”
Claim · model-written summary
Nicked pea seed coats increased cellular damage.
- Taxon
- PeasLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- nicked seed coatse0
- Outcome
- damagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased damage when imbibed with nicked seed coats”
e1“Peas showed only a low level of damage”
Claim · model-written summary
Intact soybeans showed considerable cellular damage.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- cellular damagee0
- Direction
- considerablee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybeans, however, showed considerable cellular damage when imbibed intact”
Claim · model-written summary
Nicking soybean seed coats caused no further cellular damage.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- nicked seed coatse0
- Outcome
- damagee0
- Direction
- no furthere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no further damage when imbibed with nicked seed coats”
e1“Soybeans, however, showed considerable cellular damage”
Claim · model-written summary
Black-pigmented soybean seed coats slowed water imbibition relative to nonpigmented soybeans.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxe0
- Material
- black‐pigmented seed coatse0
- Outcome
- imbibed watere0
- Direction
- more slowlye0
- Comparator
- nonpigmented soybeanse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybeans with black‐pigmented seed coats imbibed water more slowly than nonpigmented soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Blackpigmented soybeans lost less vigor after imbibition at 0 C.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Blackpigmented soybeanse0
- Outcome
- vigor losse0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Qualifier
- 0 Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Blackpigmented soybeans also showed less vigor loss following imbibition at 0 C”
Claim · model-written summary
Blackpigmented soybeans showed no cellular damage by TTC stain.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- no cellular damagee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exhibited no cellular damage as determined with TTC stain”
t0“Blackpigmented soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Blackpigmented seeds had lower vigor after 23 C imbibition than nonpigmented seeds.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxt0
- Material
- blackpigmented seedse0
- Outcome
- Vigore0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Qualifier
- 23 C imbibitione0
- Comparator
- nonpigmentede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vigor of blackpigmented seeds after 23 C imbibition was less than that of nonpigmented”
t0“Blackpigmented soybeans”
The same questions in other papers
poly(ethylene glycol) · disease · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
drought · disease · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
16 papers more in this group
See all 20 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.