Abstract
Fusarium wilt is a limiting factor to watermelon production in Cyprus. In previous studies, soil solarization applied in 1‐m‐wide strips provided only partial disease control. In order to improve the effectiveness of solarization, three field experiments were carried out in heavily infested soils, using various solarization techniques, alone or in combination with methyl bromide fumigation or soil amendments with ammonium‐based fertilizers. Increasing the width of the solarization strip from 1 to 2 m had no significant influence on its effectiveness. Solarization with a double rather than single polyethylene sheet, in either 1‐ or 2‐m‐wide strips, improved slightly the level of wilt control but had no significant effect on yield. Combined solarization–methyl bromide treatments, however, improved significantly the level of wilt control and increased marketable yield by up to 100% over that obtained with either method alone. The low rate of methyl bromide (50gm −2 ) was as effective as the normal rate used by growers (100 g m − ). Soil amendment with ammonium‐based fertilizers improved even more the effectiveness of solarization and increased yield by up to 200% over that obtained with solarization alone. Best results were obtained with ammonium sulphate or monoammonium phosphate at a rate equivalent to 180 kg N ha −1 .
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing solarization strip width from 1 to 2 m did not significantly change its effectiveness.
- Taxon
- watermelon
Citrullus lanatust0 - Treatment
- 2 me0
- Outcome
- effectivenesse0
- Direction
- no significant influencee0
- Comparator
- 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the width of the solarization strip from 1 to 2 m had no significant influence on its effectiveness”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Double polyethylene sheeting slightly improved wilt control over single sheeting.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- doublee0
- Outcome
- wilt controle0
- Direction
- improved slightlye0
- Comparator
- single polyethylene sheete0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Solarization with a double rather than single polyethylene sheet, in either 1‐ or 2‐m‐wide strips, improved slightly the level of wilt control but had no significant effect on yield”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Double polyethylene sheeting had no significant effect on watermelon yield.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- doublee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
- Comparator
- single polyethylene sheete0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Solarization with a double rather than single polyethylene sheet, in either 1‐ or 2‐m‐wide strips, improved slightly the level of wilt control but had no significant effect on yield”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Solarization combined with methyl bromide significantly improved wilt control over either method alone.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Combined solarization–methyl bromide treatmentse0
- Outcome
- wilt controle0
- Direction
- improved significantlye0
- Comparator
- either method alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combined solarization–methyl bromide treatments, however, improved significantly the level of wilt control and increased marketable yield by up to 100% over that obtained with either method alone”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Solarization combined with methyl bromide increased marketable yield by up to 100% over either method alone.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Combined solarization–methyl bromide treatmentse0
- Outcome
- marketable yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 100%e0
- Comparator
- either method alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combined solarization–methyl bromide treatments, however, improved significantly the level of wilt control and increased marketable yield by up to 100% over that obtained with either method alone”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
The low methyl bromide rate was as effective as the growers’ normal rate.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- low rate of methyl bromide (50gm −2 )e0
- Outcome
- as effectivee0
- Direction
- as effectivee0
- Comparator
- normal rate used by growerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The low rate of methyl bromide (50gm −2 ) was as effective as the normal rate used by growers (100 g m − )”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium-based fertilizer amendment improved solarization effectiveness.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Soil amendment with ammonium‐based fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- effectiveness of solarizatione0
- Direction
- improved even moree0
- Comparator
- solarization alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil amendment with ammonium‐based fertilizers improved even more the effectiveness of solarization and increased yield by up to 200% over that obtained with solarization alone”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium-based fertilizer amendment increased yield by up to 200% over solarization alone.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Soil amendment with ammonium‐based fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 200%e0
- Comparator
- solarization alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil amendment with ammonium‐based fertilizers improved even more the effectiveness of solarization and increased yield by up to 200% over that obtained with solarization alone”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium sulphate at the stated nitrogen rate gave among the best results.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- ammonium sulphatee0
- Outcome
- Best resultse0
- Direction
- Beste0
- Value
- 180 kg N ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Best results were obtained with ammonium sulphate or monoammonium phosphate at a rate equivalent to 180 kg N ha −1”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Monoammonium phosphate at the stated nitrogen rate gave among the best results.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- monoammonium phosphatee0
- Outcome
- Best resultse0
- Direction
- Beste0
- Value
- 180 kg N ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Best results were obtained with ammonium sulphate or monoammonium phosphate at a rate equivalent to 180 kg N ha −1”
t0“watermelon”
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