Paper · 1998 · Soil Science & Plant Nutrition

Seed nitrogen accelerates the rates of germination, emergence, and establishment of rice plants

Yoshitaka Hara; Kazunobu Toriyama

11
claims
22
verbatim quotes
58
citations
3
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Abstract We examined the effect of seed nitrogen content on the rates of germination, emergence, and establishment of rice plants. Several seed lots with various nitrogen contents were obtained from the parent plants grown under 3 planting densities and 4 rates of nitrogen application. There was a clear negative correlation between the seed nitrogen content and germination time (R =0.88), whereas the correlation between the seed dry weight and germination time was very low (R=0.23). The seed lot with a high nitrogen content absorbed water faster than the seed lot with a low nitrogen content, especially on the first day after soaking, and also showed a faster emergence, exsertion of the fourth leave, and a more uniform germination. Moreover, the increase of seed nitrogen content as well as the prolongation of soaking time resulted in a uniform emergence. Therefore, seed vigor is likely to be enhanced by the increase of seed nitrogen content, which may be achieved by an adequate application of a large amount of nitrogen to parent plants. Consequently, it may be possible to improve and stabilize the establishment of directly sown rice plants by the sowing of vigorous seeds with a high nitrogen content.

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Claims 11

Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rice seed nitrogen content was negatively correlated with germination time (R =0.88).

Taxon
rice plantsOryza sativat0
Organ / stage
seede0
Compound
nitrogene0
Outcome
germination timee0
Direction
negative correlatione0
Value
R =0.88e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“There was a clear negative correlation between the seed nitrogen content and germination time (R =0.88)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 287–390 · show in text ↑
t0

“rice plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–95 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rice seed dry weight had a very low correlation with germination time (R=0.23).

Taxon
rice plantsOryza sativat0
Organ / stage
seede0
Outcome
germination timee0
Direction
very lowe0
Value
R=0.23e0

Not reportedMaterial

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the correlation between the seed dry weight and germination time was very low (R=0.23)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 400–486 · show in text ↑
t0

“rice plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–95 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

High-nitrogen rice seeds absorbed water faster than low-nitrogen seeds, particularly on the first day after soaking.

Taxon
rice plantsOryza sativat0
Treatment
high nitrogen contente0
Outcome
absorbed watere0
Direction
fastere0
Qualifier
especially on the first day after soakinge0
Comparator
low nitrogen contente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The seed lot with a high nitrogen content absorbed water faster than the seed lot with a low nitrogen content, especially on the first day after soaking”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 488–640 · show in text ↑
t0

“rice plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–95 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

High-nitrogen rice seeds emerged faster than low-nitrogen seeds.

Taxon
rice plantsOryza sativat0
Treatment
high nitrogen contente0
Outcome
emergencee0
Direction
fastere0
Comparator
low nitrogen contente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The seed lot with a high nitrogen content absorbed water faster than the seed lot with a low nitrogen content, especially on the first day after soaking, and also showed a faster emergence”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 488–676 · show in text ↑
t0

“rice plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–95 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

High-nitrogen rice seeds showed faster fourth-leaf exsertion than low-nitrogen seeds.

Taxon
rice plantsOryza sativat0
Treatment
high nitrogen contente0
Outcome
exsertion of the fourth leavee0
Comparator
low nitrogen contente0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The seed lot with a high nitrogen content absorbed water faster than the seed lot with a low nitrogen content, especially on the first day after soaking, and also showed a faster emergence, exsertion of the fourth leave”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 488–707 · show in text ↑
t0

“rice plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–95 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

High-nitrogen rice seeds germinated more uniformly than low-nitrogen seeds.

Taxon
rice plantsOryza sativat0
Treatment
high nitrogen contente0
Outcome
germinatione0
Direction
more uniforme0
Comparator
low nitrogen contente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The seed lot with a high nitrogen content absorbed water faster than the seed lot with a low nitrogen content, especially on the first day after soaking, and also showed a faster emergence, exsertion of the fourth leave, and a more uniform germination”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 488–739 · show in text ↑
t0

“rice plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–95 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing rice seed nitrogen content made emergence more uniform.

Taxon
rice plantsOryza sativat0
Treatment
increase of seed nitrogen contente0
Outcome
emergencee0
Direction
uniforme0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the increase of seed nitrogen content as well as the prolongation of soaking time resulted in a uniform emergence”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 751–864 · show in text ↑
t0

“rice plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–95 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Prolonging rice seed soaking time made emergence more uniform.

Taxon
rice plantsOryza sativat0
Treatment
prolongation of soaking timee0
Outcome
emergencee0
Direction
uniforme0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the increase of seed nitrogen content as well as the prolongation of soaking time resulted in a uniform emergence”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 751–864 · show in text ↑
t0

“rice plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–95 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors infer that increased rice seed nitrogen content is likely to enhance seed vigor.

Taxon
rice plantsOryza sativat0
Compound
nitrogene0
Outcome
seed vigore0
Qualifier
likelye0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“seed vigor is likely to be enhanced by the increase of seed nitrogen content”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 877–953 · show in text ↑
t0

“rice plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–95 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors propose applying a large amount of nitrogen to parent plants to produce vigorous seeds.

Taxon
rice plantsOryza sativat0
Treatment
an adequate application of a large amount of nitrogen to parent plantse0
Outcome
seed vigore1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“which may be achieved by an adequate application of a large amount of nitrogen to parent plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 955–1050 · show in text ↑
e1

“seed vigor is likely to be enhanced by the increase of seed nitrogen content”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 877–953 · show in text ↑
t0

“rice plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–95 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors suggest sowing vigorous high-nitrogen rice seeds to improve and stabilize direct-sown establishment.

Taxon
rice plantsOryza sativae0
Treatment
sowing of vigorous seeds with a high nitrogen contente0
Outcome
establishment of directly sown rice plantse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“it may be possible to improve and stabilize the establishment of directly sown rice plants by the sowing of vigorous seeds with a high nitrogen content”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1066–1217 · show in text ↑

application · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

313 papers: 274 positive, 39 negative or no effect

273 papers in the same direction as this paper · 36 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

309 papers more in this group

See all 313 papers →

nitrogen · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

511 papers: 402 positive, 109 negative or no effect

401 papers in the same direction as this paper · 101 in the opposite direction · 8 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

507 papers more in this group

See all 511 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.