Abstract
The effects of liquid dairy cattle ( Bos taurus ) manure on corn ( Zea mays L.) yield and composition were studied in a 4‐yr field experiment conducted under a Mediterranean environment. In addition, long‐term impact of (8‐yr) manure application on soil‐available NO 3 –N, P, and K; organic C; Kjeldahl N; and salinity was investigated. Four treatments were established in plots, previously used for a similar 4‐yr experiment with winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Treatments were: (i) application of 80 Mg manure ha −1 yr −1 ; (ii) single application of the equivalent N–P as inorganic fertilization (260 kg N ha −1 yr −1 and 57 kg P ha −1 yr −1 ); (iii) identical to (ii), but with split N application; and (iv) no fertilization. Corn grain and silage yields, N–P–K plant concentration, and uptake were significantly increased by manure or inorganic fertilizer addition relative to the control. During the 4‐yr corn experiment, the amounts of available NO 3 –N in the soil profile of manure plots were higher than control, but similar to both inorganic fertilization treatments. Manure application maintained the amounts of soil available NO 3 –N, P, and K at desirable levels, almost each year of the total 8‐yr application. However, soil organic C and Kjeldahl N remained unchanged. At the end of the experiment, soil salinity below 30 cm was significantly increased on manure or inorganic fertilizer addition relative to the control, but at levels acceptable for most crops. In conclusion, soil application of liquid dairy cattle manure at a rate equivalent to the recommended inorganic fertilization can enhance corn yield and composition and maintain soil fertility at desirable levels, without increasing soil salinity at unacceptable levels.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Manure or inorganic fertilizer addition significantly increased corn grain and silage yields relative to control
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- manure or inorganic fertilizer additione2
- Outcome
- Corn grain and silage yieldse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- controle2
- Setting
- Mediterranean environmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on corn ( Zea mays L.) yield and composition were studied”
e1“conducted under a Mediterranean environment”
e2“Corn grain and silage yields, N–P–K plant concentration, and uptake were significantly increased by manure or inorganic fertilizer addition relative to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure or inorganic fertilizer addition significantly increased corn N–P–K plant concentration and uptake relative to control
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- manure or inorganic fertilizer additione2
- Outcome
- N–P–K plant concentration, and uptakee2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- controle2
- Setting
- Mediterranean environmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on corn ( Zea mays L.) yield and composition were studied”
e1“conducted under a Mediterranean environment”
e2“Corn grain and silage yields, N–P–K plant concentration, and uptake were significantly increased by manure or inorganic fertilizer addition relative to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure plots had higher soil available NO3–N in the soil profile than control
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- manuree3
- Outcome
- available NO 3 –Ne3
- Direction
- highere3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on corn ( Zea mays L.) yield and composition were studied”
e3“the amounts of available NO 3 –N in the soil profile of manure plots were higher than control, but similar to both inorganic fertilization treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure plots had soil available NO3–N similar to both inorganic fertilization treatments
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- manuree3
- Outcome
- available NO 3 –Ne3
- Direction
- similare3
- Comparator
- both inorganic fertilization treatmentse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on corn ( Zea mays L.) yield and composition were studied”
e3“the amounts of available NO 3 –N in the soil profile of manure plots were higher than control, but similar to both inorganic fertilization treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure application maintained soil available NO3–N, P and K at desirable levels
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Manure applicatione4
- Outcome
- soil available NO 3 –N, P, and Ke4
- Direction
- maintainede4
- Qualifier
- at desirable levelse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on corn ( Zea mays L.) yield and composition were studied”
e4“Manure application maintained the amounts of soil available NO 3 –N, P, and K at desirable levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil organic C and Kjeldahl N remained unchanged under manure application
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Manure applicatione4
- Outcome
- soil organic C and Kjeldahl Ne5
- Direction
- remained unchangede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on corn ( Zea mays L.) yield and composition were studied”
e4“Manure application maintained the amounts of soil available NO 3 –N, P, and K at desirable levels”
e5“However, soil organic C and Kjeldahl N remained unchanged”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure or inorganic fertilizer addition significantly increased soil salinity below 30 cm relative to control, at levels acceptable for most crops
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- manure or inorganic fertilizer additione6
- Outcome
- soil salinity below 30 cme6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Qualifier
- at levels acceptable for most cropse6
- Comparator
- controle6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on corn ( Zea mays L.) yield and composition were studied”
e6“soil salinity below 30 cm was significantly increased on manure or inorganic fertilizer addition relative to the control, but at levels acceptable for most crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil application of liquid dairy cattle manure at a rate equivalent to recommended inorganic fertilization is recommended to enhance corn yield without increasing soil salinity at unacceptable levels
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse7
- Outcome
- soil application of liquid dairy cattle manure at a rate equivalent to the recommended inorganic fertilizatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“soil application of liquid dairy cattle manure at a rate equivalent to the recommended inorganic fertilization can enhance corn yield and composition and maintain soil fertility at desirable levels, without increasing soil salinity at unacceptable levels”
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See all 3,908 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.