Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are obligatory biotrophic symbionts living in the roots of most terrestrial plants. AM fungi (AMF) have a positive effect on plant growth and plant nutrition, especially under stress conditions. The aim of the present study was to observe the relationship between the mycorrhizal dependency and nutrient uptake of host plants and the rate of AMF colonization in a pot experiment. The degree of host growth responses to AMF colonization is expressed as mycorrhizal dependency (MD). The pot trial was set up with a sterilized calcareous chernozem soil from Nagyhörcsök (Hungary) in a growth chamber under controlled climatic conditions. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) plants were inoculated with Glomus claroideum (BEG23) , Glomus fasciculatum (BEG53), Glomus geosporum (BEG11), Glomus mosseae (BEG12) strains and a Glomus mosseae AMF culture produced by authors. The dry biomass production, the micro- and macronutrient concentrations of the shoots and the parameters of the mycorrhizal infection were determined. Each AM fungi species or isolate caused different and distinct changes in host plant growth and nutrient uptake. The biomass production of tomato increased significantly in the presence of AM symbiosis. The mean values of MD, calculated from shoot dry matter, varied between 36% and 55%. Mycorrhizal inoculation improved the P, N and K uptake of tomato. The highest values for root colonization, frequency of infection or arbuscular richness were found in the root of tomato inoculated with the two Glomus mosseae strains. The highest MD and nutrient contents appeared in the shoot of tomato treated withour Glomus mosseae strain, which may indicate a stronger affinity (compatibility) between the symbiotic partners. The results confirmed that the selected AMF strains are applicable in sustainable horticulture.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
AM symbiosis significantly increased tomato biomass production.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume3 - Treatment
- AM symbiosise3
- Interactor
- AM fungiGlomeromycotae1symbiont
- Outcome
- biomass productione3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The biomass production of tomato increased significantly in the presence of AM symbiosis”
e1“AM fungi (AMF) have a positive effect on plant growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean mycorrhizal dependency of tomato, calculated from shoot dry matter, varied between 36% and 55%.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Outcome
- mean values of MDe4
- Value
- 36% and 55%e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The mean values of MD, calculated from shoot dry matter, varied between 36% and 55%”
e2“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) plants were inoculated with”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation improved P, N and K uptake of tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume5
- Treatment
- Mycorrhizal inoculatione5
- Outcome
- P, N and K uptakee5
- Direction
- improvede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Mycorrhizal inoculation improved the P, N and K uptake of tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with the two Glomus mosseae strains gave the highest root colonization, frequency of infection or arbuscular richness in tomato roots.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume6
- Treatment
- inoculated with the two Glomus mosseae strainse6
- Interactor
- Glomus mosseae
Funneliformis mosseaee6symbiont - Outcome
- root colonization, frequency of infection or arbuscular richnesse6
- Direction
- higheste6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“The highest values for root colonization, frequency of infection or arbuscular richness were found in the root of tomato inoculated with the two Glomus mosseae strains”
Claim · model-written summary
The Glomus mosseae strain treatment gave the highest mycorrhizal dependency and nutrient contents in tomato shoots, which may indicate a stronger compatibility between the symbiotic partners.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Organ / stage
- shoote7
- Treatment
- withour Glomus mosseae straine7
- Interactor
- Glomus mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee7symbiont
- Outcome
- MD and nutrient contentse7
- Direction
- higheste7
- Qualifier
- may indicate a stronger affinity (compatibility) between the symbiotic partnerse7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The highest MD and nutrient contents appeared in the shoot of tomato treated withour Glomus mosseae strain, which may indicate a stronger affinity (compatibility) between the symbiotic partners”
Claim · model-written summary
Each AM fungi species or isolate caused different and distinct changes in growth and nutrient uptake of tomato host plants.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- AM fungi species or isolatee4
- Interactor
- AM fungiGlomeromycotae4symbiont
- Outcome
- host plant growth and nutrient uptakee4
- Direction
- different and distinct changese4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Each AM fungi species or isolate caused different and distinct changes in host plant growth and nutrient uptake”
e2“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) plants were inoculated with”
Claim · model-written summary
The selected AMF strains are applicable in sustainable tomato horticulture.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Interactor
- AMFe3symbiont
- Outcome
- applicable in sustainable horticulturee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The results confirmed that the selected AMF strains are applicable in sustainable horticulture”
e2“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) plants were inoculated with”
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