Abstract
In double‐cropped soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] planting is delayed, with a corresponding decrease in yield associated with photoperiod‐induced early flowering and reduced accumulation of dry matter during the vegetative growth period. Application of nitrogen (N) has been shown to improve yield of late‐planted soybean. We conducted a field study to determine the optimum economic rate of N that would stimulate early dry matter accumulation, and thus yield, in late‐planted soybean. The effects of three planting dates (mid‐June, late‐June, and mid‐July), two MG VIII cultivars (Kuell and Prichard), and five N rates (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 kg ha −1 ) were studied for 2 yr at three Alabama locations (Fairhope, Shorter, and Crossville). Nitrogen application of 60 to 70 kg ha −1 maximized yield and R1 dry matter accumulation. However, N reduced nodule number and mass, but had no effect on R1 plant height, mature plant height, or seed quality, protein and oil content. Yield was reduced linearly by later planting, but there was no interaction between N rate and planting date for yield. Kuell was taller at maturity and had more R1 dry matter than Prichard, but Kuell yielded more than Prichard in only one environment and there was no cultivar × N rate interaction for yield. At current prices for N and soybean, we concluded that N can be a viable input for double‐cropped soybean at an optimal economic rate of 59 kg ha −1 .
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application of 60 to 70 kg ha-1 maximized yield and R1 dry matter accumulation of soybean.
- Taxon
- Glycine max
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- Nitrogen applicatione1
- Outcome
- yield and R1 dry matter accumulatione1
- Direction
- maximizede1
- Value
- 60 to 70 kg ha −1e1
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glycine max (L.) Merr.”
e1“Nitrogen application of 60 to 70 kg ha −1 maximized yield and R1 dry matter accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen reduced soybean nodule number and nodule mass.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Ne2
- Outcome
- nodule number and masse2
- Direction
- reducede2
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glycine max (L.) Merr.”
e2“N reduced nodule number and mass, but had no effect on R1 plant height, mature plant height, or seed quality, protein and oil content”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen had no effect on R1 plant height or mature plant height of soybean.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Ne2
- Outcome
- R1 plant height, mature plant heighte2
- Direction
- no effecte2
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glycine max (L.) Merr.”
e2“N reduced nodule number and mass, but had no effect on R1 plant height, mature plant height, or seed quality, protein and oil content”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen had no effect on seed quality, protein and oil content of soybean.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Ne2
- Outcome
- seed quality, protein and oil contente2
- Direction
- no effecte2
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glycine max (L.) Merr.”
e2“N reduced nodule number and mass, but had no effect on R1 plant height, mature plant height, or seed quality, protein and oil content”
Claim · model-written summary
Later planting reduced soybean yield linearly.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- later plantinge3
- Outcome
- Yielde3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Qualifier
- linearlye3
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glycine max (L.) Merr.”
e3“Yield was reduced linearly by later planting, but there was no interaction between N rate and planting date for yield”
Claim · model-written summary
There was no interaction between N rate and planting date for soybean yield.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- N rate and planting datee3
- Outcome
- yielde3
- Direction
- no interactione3
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glycine max (L.) Merr.”
e3“Yield was reduced linearly by later planting, but there was no interaction between N rate and planting date for yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Kuell was taller at maturity than Prichard.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Kuelle4
- Outcome
- mature plant heighte2
- Direction
- tallere4
- Comparator
- Pricharde4
Not reportedGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleTreatmentSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glycine max (L.) Merr.”
e2“N reduced nodule number and mass, but had no effect on R1 plant height, mature plant height, or seed quality, protein and oil content”
e4“Kuell was taller at maturity and had more R1 dry matter than Prichard”
Claim · model-written summary
Kuell had more R1 dry matter than Prichard.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Kuelle4
- Outcome
- R1 dry mattere4
- Direction
- moree4
- Comparator
- Pricharde4
Not reportedGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleTreatmentSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glycine max (L.) Merr.”
e4“Kuell was taller at maturity and had more R1 dry matter than Prichard”
Claim · model-written summary
Kuell yielded more than Prichard in only one environment.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Kuelle5
- Outcome
- yielde5
- Direction
- moree5
- Qualifier
- in only one environmente5
- Comparator
- Pricharde5
Not reportedGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleTreatmentSettingValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glycine max (L.) Merr.”
e5“Kuell yielded more than Prichard in only one environment and there was no cultivar × N rate interaction for yield”
Claim · model-written summary
There was no cultivar by N rate interaction for soybean yield.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- N ratee5
- Outcome
- yielde5
- Direction
- no cultivar × N rate interactione5
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glycine max (L.) Merr.”
e5“Kuell yielded more than Prichard in only one environment and there was no cultivar × N rate interaction for yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at about 59 kg ha-1 is a viable input for double-cropped soybean at the current prices.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Ne7
- Outcome
- viable inpute7
- Value
- 59 kg ha −1e6
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingDirectionQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glycine max (L.) Merr.”
e6“at an optimal economic rate of 59 kg ha −1”
e7“N can be a viable input”
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