Abstract
Deficit irrigation systems have been considered as practical strategies to overcome shortage of irrigation water in arid and semiarid regions. To assess the response of grain sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] to deficit irrigation and whether arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can moderate drought stress influence on grain yield, a 2‐yr field experiment was conducted using split‐split lay out on a randomized complete block (RCB) design. Irrigation (full and deficit) was assigned to the main plots. Subplots were allocated to two genotypes (Kimiya and Speedeh) and P sources viz: no fertilizer, sole chemical P fertilizer, seed inoculation with AMF and combined fertilizer (50% of the chemical P fertilizer + AMF) were assigned to the sub‐subplots. Results indicated that deficit irrigation reduced grain yield of Kimia and Speedeh by 16 and 26%, respectively, while improving their irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE). Grain yield adjustment by sorghum to water stress was mainly through reducing the number of grains per panicle rather than grain mass. Application of all forms of P fertilizer improved grain yield of sorghum; however, under drought stress, plants were more responsive to combined fertilizer and used irrigation water more efficiently. The root colonization percentage was greater in Kimiya than Speedeh under full and deficit irrigation, however, both genotypes showed a lower degree of root colonization under drought conditions. Application of combined fertilizer could be considered as an alternative to chemical P fertilizer when irrigation water is limited.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation reduced grain yield of Kimia and Speedeh by 16 and 26%.
- Taxon
- Grain Sorghum
Sorghum bicolort0 - Material
- Kimia and Speedehe1
- Treatment
- deficit irrigatione1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 16 and 26%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grain Sorghum”
e1“Results indicated that deficit irrigation reduced grain yield of Kimia and Speedeh by 16 and 26%, respectively, while improving their irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE)”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation improved irrigation water use efficiency of Kimia and Speedeh.
- Taxon
- Grain SorghumSorghum bicolort0
- Material
- Kimia and Speedehe1
- Treatment
- deficit irrigatione1
- Outcome
- irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE)e1
- Direction
- improvinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grain Sorghum”
e1“Results indicated that deficit irrigation reduced grain yield of Kimia and Speedeh by 16 and 26%, respectively, while improving their irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum yield adjustment to water stress was mainly through fewer grains per panicle rather than lower grain mass.
- Taxon
- Grain SorghumSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- water stresse2
- Outcome
- number of grains per paniclee2
- Direction
- reducinge2
- Comparator
- grain masse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grain Sorghum”
e2“Grain yield adjustment by sorghum to water stress was mainly through reducing the number of grains per panicle rather than grain mass”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of all forms of P fertilizer improved grain yield of sorghum.
- Taxon
- Grain SorghumSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- all forms of P fertilizere3
- Outcome
- grain yielde3
- Direction
- improvede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grain Sorghum”
e3“Application of all forms of P fertilizer improved grain yield of sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought stress, sorghum plants were more responsive to combined fertilizer.
- Taxon
- Grain SorghumSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- combined fertilizere4
- Outcome
- plantse4
- Direction
- more responsivee4
- Qualifier
- under drought stresse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grain Sorghum”
e4“under drought stress, plants were more responsive to combined fertilizer and used irrigation water more efficiently”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined fertilizer under drought made sorghum use irrigation water more efficiently.
- Taxon
- Grain SorghumSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- combined fertilizere4
- Outcome
- used irrigation watere4
- Direction
- more efficientlye4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grain Sorghum”
e4“under drought stress, plants were more responsive to combined fertilizer and used irrigation water more efficiently”
Claim · model-written summary
Root colonization percentage was greater in Kimiya than in Speedeh under full and deficit irrigation.
- Taxon
- Grain SorghumSorghum bicolort0
- Material
- Kimiyae5
- Treatment
- full and deficit irrigatione5
- Outcome
- root colonization percentagee5
- Direction
- greatere5
- Comparator
- Speedehe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grain Sorghum”
e5“The root colonization percentage was greater in Kimiya than Speedeh under full and deficit irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Both genotypes showed a lower degree of root colonization under drought conditions.
- Taxon
- Grain SorghumSorghum bicolort0
- Material
- both genotypese6
- Treatment
- drought conditionse6
- Outcome
- degree of root colonizatione6
- Direction
- lowere6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grain Sorghum”
e6“both genotypes showed a lower degree of root colonization under drought conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined fertilizer could be considered as an alternative to chemical P fertilizer when irrigation water is limited.
- Taxon
- Grain SorghumSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- combined fertilizere7
- Outcome
- could be considered as an alternative to chemical P fertilizere7
- Qualifier
- when irrigation water is limitede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grain Sorghum”
e7“Application of combined fertilizer could be considered as an alternative to chemical P fertilizer when irrigation water is limited”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.