Abstract
Interseeding alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) to thicken declining alfalfa stands is seldom successful due to autotoxicity. Our objective was to characterize the lateral zone of autotoxic influence around established plants. Experiments were conducted in South Missouri in alfalfa fields of ‘Apollo’ [Location 1 (L1)] and ‘Cody’ (L2) in 1992 and ‘Cimarron’ (L3) in 1993. Soils were Poynor cherty silt loam (loamy‐skeletal over clayey, siliceous, mesic Typic Paleudult) at L1, Ashton silt loam (fine‐silty, mixed, mesic Mollic Hapludalf) at L2, and Waben very cherty silt loam (loamy‐skeletal, siliceous, mesic Ultic Hapludalf) at L3. Established alfalfa was killed in May with herbicide within 2 m of selected alfalfa test plants, and then 1 yr later, Cody alfalfa was seeded within 1 m around the test plants. Granular chlorpyrifos and seed treatment metalaxyl at planting did not improve alfalfa seedling establishment or yield. Seedlings were smaller ( p < 0.05) near both live and dead test plants at L1, indicating mainly autotoxicity, but at L2, yield per plant was reduced more within 25 cm from live than from dead plants, indicating competition was involved. Clipping test plants more frequently at L3 did not improve establishment and reduced seedling yield for six of eight harvests. Seedling density and dry matter yield averaged 70 and 44% ( p < 0.05) of the control, respectively, within 20 to 25 cm of test plants, an area equivalent to a stand density of 8 plants m −2 . The zone of influence around established alfalfa plants involves both competition and autotoxicity and needs to be considered in replant decisions.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorpyrifos and metalaxyl did not improve seedling establishment or yield.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae0 - Treatment
- Granular chlorpyrifos and seed treatment metalaxyle0
- Outcome
- alfalfa seedling establishment or yielde0
- Direction
- did not improvee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Granular chlorpyrifos and seed treatment metalaxyl at planting did not improve alfalfa seedling establishment or yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedlings were smaller near live and dead test plants at L1.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- Seedlingse0
- Direction
- smallere0
- Comparator
- live and dead test plantse0
- Setting
- L1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedlings were smaller ( p < 0.05) near both live and dead test plants at L1”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield per plant was more reduced within 25 cm of live than dead plants at L2.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- yield per plante0
- Direction
- reduced moree0
- Qualifier
- within 25 cm from livee0
- Comparator
- dead plantse0
- Setting
- L2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at L2, yield per plant was reduced more within 25 cm from live than from dead plants”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
More frequent clipping at L3 did not improve establishment.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- Clipping test plants more frequentlye0
- Outcome
- establishmente0
- Direction
- did not improvee0
- Setting
- L3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Clipping test plants more frequently at L3 did not improve establishment”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
More frequent clipping at L3 reduced seedling yield in six of eight harvests.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- Clipping test plants more frequentlye0
- Outcome
- seedling yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- six of eight harvestse0
- Setting
- L3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Clipping test plants more frequently at L3 did not improve establishment and reduced seedling yield for six of eight harvests”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling density within 20 to 25 cm was 70% of control.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- Seedling densitye0
- Value
- 70e0
- Qualifier
- within 20 to 25 cm of test plantse0
- Comparator
- controle0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedling density and dry matter yield averaged 70 and 44% ( p < 0.05) of the control, respectively, within 20 to 25 cm of test plants”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter yield within 20 to 25 cm was 44% of control.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- dry matter yielde0
- Value
- 44%e0
- Qualifier
- within 20 to 25 cm of test plantse0
- Comparator
- controle0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedling density and dry matter yield averaged 70 and 44% ( p < 0.05) of the control, respectively, within 20 to 25 cm of test plants”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
The zone of influence involves both competition and autotoxicity.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Outcome
- zone of influencee0
- Qualifier
- both competition and autotoxicitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The zone of influence around established alfalfa plants involves both competition and autotoxicity”
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