Abstract
SUMMARY In the 1972 season, Elvaron and Benlate reduced the count of Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp. and Aureobasidiutn pullulans on strawberry and raspberry fruits during the first 2 wk of the season, but not subsequently. No such reduction was recorded for Hainesia lythri (strawberries only), Phoma state of Didymella applanata (raspberries only), Mucor spp., and Rhizopus spp. Similar results were obtained in 1973. In the first half of either season, both fungicides decreased the rate of fungal spoilage of stored fruit (except for Benlate in the 1973 season), although in the latter part of the season, there was little difference in the incidence of fungal spoilage between sprayed and unsprayed fruit. Both fungicides, however, reduced the development of B. cinerea (and Cladosporium spp. on raspberries) on stored fruit irrespective of season or harvest date except for Benlate in the 1973 season where Benlate‐resistant strains of the fungi developed on the fruit. The failure of either fungicide to reduce fungal spoilage in the latter part of the harvesting season was due to the development of Phycomycetes, particularly Mucor mucedo and to a lesser extent Rhizopus stolonifer and R. sexualis , except where Benlate‐resistant strains of B. cinerea and Cladosporium spp. were present.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Elvaron and Benlate reduced counts of four fungi on fruit early in 1972.
- Taxon
- strawberry and raspberrye0
- Treatment
- Elvaron and Benlatee0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinereae0pathogen - Outcome
- count of Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp. and Aureobasidiutn pullulanse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elvaron and Benlate reduced the count of Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp. and Aureobasidiutn pullulans on strawberry and raspberry fruits during the first 2 wk of the season”
t0“Effect of pre‐harvest fungicides on the spoilage of soft fruit after harvest”
e1“Elvaron and Benlate reduced the count of Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp. and Aureobasidiutn pullulans on strawberry and raspberry fruits during the first 2 wk of the season”
Claim · model-written summary
The early reduction did not continue later in the season.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“but not subsequently”
t0“Effect of pre‐harvest fungicides on the spoilage of soft fruit after harvest”
e1“Elvaron and Benlate reduced the count of Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp. and Aureobasidiutn pullulans on strawberry and raspberry fruits during the first 2 wk of the season”
Claim · model-written summary
Several other fungi did not show reduced counts.
- Taxon
- strawberry and raspberrye1
- Treatment
- Elvaron and Benlatee1
- Interactor
- Hainesia lythriPilidium lythrie0pathogen
- Outcome
- reductione0
- Direction
- No such reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“No such reduction was recorded for Hainesia lythri (strawberries only), Phoma state of Didymella applanata (raspberries only), Mucor spp., and Rhizopus spp.”
t0“Effect of pre‐harvest fungicides on the spoilage of soft fruit after harvest”
e1“Elvaron and Benlate reduced the count of Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp. and Aureobasidiutn pullulans on strawberry and raspberry fruits during the first 2 wk of the season”
Claim · model-written summary
Both fungicides reduced early-season stored-fruit spoilage except Benlate in 1973.
- Taxon
- strawberry and raspberrye1
- Treatment
- both fungicidese0
- Outcome
- rate of fungal spoilage of stored fruite0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“both fungicides decreased the rate of fungal spoilage of stored fruit (except for Benlate in the 1973 season)”
t0“Effect of pre‐harvest fungicides on the spoilage of soft fruit after harvest”
e1“Elvaron and Benlate reduced the count of Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp. and Aureobasidiutn pullulans on strawberry and raspberry fruits during the first 2 wk of the season”
Claim · model-written summary
Later-season fungal spoilage differed little between sprayed and unsprayed fruit.
Verbatim
e0“there was little difference in the incidence of fungal spoilage between sprayed and unsprayed fruit”
t0“Effect of pre‐harvest fungicides on the spoilage of soft fruit after harvest”
e1“Elvaron and Benlate reduced the count of Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp. and Aureobasidiutn pullulans on strawberry and raspberry fruits during the first 2 wk of the season”
Claim · model-written summary
Both fungicides reduced B. cinerea development on stored fruit, except Benlate in 1973.
- Taxon
- strawberry and raspberrye1
- Treatment
- Both fungicidese0
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae0pathogen
- Outcome
- development of B. cinereae0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both fungicides, however, reduced the development of B. cinerea (and Cladosporium spp. on raspberries) on stored fruit irrespective of season or harvest date except for Benlate in the 1973 season”
t0“Effect of pre‐harvest fungicides on the spoilage of soft fruit after harvest”
e1“Elvaron and Benlate reduced the count of Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp. and Aureobasidiutn pullulans on strawberry and raspberry fruits during the first 2 wk of the season”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicides reduced Cladosporium on stored raspberries, except Benlate in 1973.
- Taxon
- raspberriese0
- Treatment
- fungicidest0
- Interactor
- Cladosporium spp.
Cladosporiume0pathogen - Outcome
- Cladosporium spp. on raspberriese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced the development of B. cinerea (and Cladosporium spp. on raspberries) on stored fruit”
t0“Effect of pre‐harvest fungicides on the spoilage of soft fruit after harvest”
e1“Elvaron and Benlate reduced the count of Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp. and Aureobasidiutn pullulans on strawberry and raspberry fruits during the first 2 wk of the season”
Claim · model-written summary
Phycomycetes development explained late-season failure to reduce spoilage.
- Taxon
- strawberry and raspberrye1
- Interactor
- Mucor mucedo
Mucor mucedoe0pathogen - Outcome
- failure of either fungicide to reduce fungal spoilagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“failure of either fungicide to reduce fungal spoilage in the latter part of the harvesting season was due to the development of Phycomycetes, particularly Mucor mucedo”
t0“Effect of pre‐harvest fungicides on the spoilage of soft fruit after harvest”
e1“Elvaron and Benlate reduced the count of Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp. and Aureobasidiutn pullulans on strawberry and raspberry fruits during the first 2 wk of the season”
The same questions in other papers
benomyl · Botrytis cinerea · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 5 papers →fungicide · Botrytis cinerea · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
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See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.