Abstract
A field experiment was conducted on sandy clay-loam soil at New Delhi, during 2004 and 2005 to investigate the effect of irrigation regimes, namely, continuous submergence, one-day drainage, and three-day drainage, and integrated nutrient management practices on the soil biological health parameters under rice cultivation. The non-puddled soils showed significantly high soil respiration (17.32%) and soil microbial biomass carbon (45.51%) activity than the puddled soils. However, the soil dehydrogenase enzyme activity was 65.26% higher under puddled soils than the non-puddled. Among the integrated nitrogen management, substitution of 25% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) as biofertilizer resulted in highest (560.02 μg TPF g−1 soil 24 h−1) enzyme dehydrogenase (DH) activity and application of entire RDN as organics supported the highest soil microbial biomass carbon (218.29 μg g−1 soil) and respiration activity (56.67 mg CO2 [100 g−1 soil 24 h−1). In comparison with other organic N inputs, substitution of sewage-sludge for 25% RDN resulted in the least soil respiration (47.67 mg CO2 100 g−1 soil 24 h−1), low DH enzyme activity (313.37 μg TPF g−1 soil 24 h−1) and soil microbial biomass carbon content (183.85 μg g−1 soil). The present study suggests that inorganic, organic and bio-fertilizer combinations significantly improved soil health parameters.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Non-puddled soil had 17.32% higher respiration than puddled soil.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- non-puddled soilse0
- Outcome
- soil respiratione0
- Direction
- highe0
- Value
- 17.32%e0
- Comparator
- puddled soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The non-puddled soils showed significantly high soil respiration (17.32%) and soil microbial biomass carbon (45.51%) activity than the puddled soils”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-puddled soil had 45.51% higher microbial biomass carbon than puddled soil.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- non-puddled soilse0
- Outcome
- soil microbial biomass carbone0
- Direction
- highe0
- Value
- 45.51%e0
- Comparator
- puddled soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The non-puddled soils showed significantly high soil respiration (17.32%) and soil microbial biomass carbon (45.51%) activity than the puddled soils”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Puddled soil had 65.26% higher dehydrogenase activity than non-puddled soil.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- puddled soilse0
- Outcome
- soil dehydrogenase enzyme activitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 65.26%e0
- Comparator
- non-puddlede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the soil dehydrogenase enzyme activity was 65.26% higher under puddled soils than the non-puddled”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Substitution of 25% nitrogen with biofertilizer gave the highest soil dehydrogenase activity, 560.02 μg TPF g−1 soil 24 h−1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- substitution of 25% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) as biofertilizere0
- Outcome
- enzyme dehydrogenase (DH) activitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 560.02 μg TPF g−1 soil 24 h−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“substitution of 25% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) as biofertilizer resulted in highest (560.02 μg TPF g−1 soil 24 h−1) enzyme dehydrogenase (DH) activity”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
All-organic recommended nitrogen gave the highest soil microbial biomass carbon, 218.29 μg g−1 soil.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- application of entire RDN as organicse0
- Outcome
- soil microbial biomass carbone0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 218.29 μg g−1 soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of entire RDN as organics supported the highest soil microbial biomass carbon (218.29 μg g−1 soil) and respiration activity (56.67 mg CO2 [100 g−1 soil 24 h−1)”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
All-organic recommended nitrogen gave the highest soil respiration, 56.67 mg CO2 [100 g−1 soil 24 h−1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- application of entire RDN as organicse0
- Outcome
- respiration activitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 56.67 mg CO2 [100 g−1 soil 24 h−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of entire RDN as organics supported the highest soil microbial biomass carbon (218.29 μg g−1 soil) and respiration activity (56.67 mg CO2 [100 g−1 soil 24 h−1)”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Sewage sludge substitution produced the lowest soil respiration among organic nitrogen inputs, 47.67 mg CO2 100 g−1 soil 24 h−1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- substitution of sewage-sludge for 25% RDNe0
- Outcome
- soil respiratione0
- Direction
- leaste0
- Value
- 47.67 mg CO2 100 g−1 soil 24 h−1e0
- Comparator
- other organic N inputse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“substitution of sewage-sludge for 25% RDN resulted in the least soil respiration (47.67 mg CO2 100 g−1 soil 24 h−1)”
t0“rice”
e1“In comparison with other organic N inputs”
Claim · model-written summary
Sewage sludge substitution produced low soil dehydrogenase activity, 313.37 μg TPF g−1 soil 24 h−1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- substitution of sewage-sludge for 25% RDNe1
- Outcome
- DH enzyme activitye0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Value
- 313.37 μg TPF g−1 soil 24 h−1e0
- Comparator
- other organic N inputse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“low DH enzyme activity (313.37 μg TPF g−1 soil 24 h−1)”
t0“rice”
e1“substitution of sewage-sludge for 25% RDN”
e2“In comparison with other organic N inputs”
Claim · model-written summary
Sewage sludge substitution produced soil microbial biomass carbon of 183.85 μg g−1 soil.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- substitution of sewage-sludge for 25% RDNe1
- Outcome
- soil microbial biomass carbon contente0
- Value
- 183.85 μg g−1 soile0
- Comparator
- other organic N inputse2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil microbial biomass carbon content (183.85 μg g−1 soil)”
t0“rice”
e1“substitution of sewage-sludge for 25% RDN”
e2“In comparison with other organic N inputs”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that combined inorganic, organic and biofertilizer inputs improved soil health indicators.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- inorganic, organic and bio-fertilizer combinationse0
- Outcome
- soil health parameterse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inorganic, organic and bio-fertilizer combinations significantly improved soil health parameters”
t0“rice”
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