Abstract
In 2009 a greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the effects of boron (B) and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) treatments, applied either alone or in combination, on yield, plant growth, leaf total chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, membrane leakage, and leaf relative water content of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Bezostiya) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Tokak) plants. Results showed that alone or combined B (0, 1, 3, 6, 9 kg ha−1) and PGPR (Bacillus megaterium M3, Bacillus subtilis OSU142, Azospirillum brasilense Sp245, and Raoultella terrigena) treatments positively affected dry weight and physiological parameters searched in both species. Statistically significant differences were observed between bacterial inoculation and B fertilizer on root and shoot dry weight under non-cold-stress (NCS) and cold-stress (CS) conditions. Leaf total chlorophyll content (LTCC), stomatal conductance (SC), leaf relative water content (LRWC), and membrane leakage (ML) were negatively affected by CS conditions and decreased with reduced temperatures of media, but B and PGPR application alleviate the low-temperature deleterious effect in both species. The greatest SC and LRWC, and the lowest ML, were obtained by 6 kg B ha−1 combined with R. terrigena treatment. The greatest LTCC in both NCS and CS conditions was observed with B. megaterium M3 application alone.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Boron and PGPR treatments positively affected dry weight and physiological parameters in wheat and barley.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- alone or combined B (0, 1, 3, 6, 9 kg ha−1) and PGPR (Bacillus megaterium M3, Bacillus subtilis OSU142, Azospirillum brasilense Sp245, and Raoultella terrigena) treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Bacillus megaterium M3
Priestia megateriume0symbiont - Outcome
- dry weight and physiological parameterse0
- Direction
- positively affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“alone or combined B (0, 1, 3, 6, 9 kg ha−1) and PGPR (Bacillus megaterium M3, Bacillus subtilis OSU142, Azospirillum brasilense Sp245, and Raoultella terrigena) treatments positively affected dry weight and physiological parameters searched in both species”
e1“wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Bezostiya) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Tokak) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial inoculation and boron fertilizer differed significantly in root and shoot dry weight under both cold conditions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- bacterial inoculatione0
- Outcome
- root and shoot dry weighte0
- Qualifier
- non-cold-stress (NCS) and cold-stress (CS) conditionse0
- Comparator
- B fertilizere0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Statistically significant differences were observed between bacterial inoculation and B fertilizer on root and shoot dry weight under non-cold-stress (NCS) and cold-stress (CS) conditions”
e1“wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Bezostiya) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Tokak) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold stress decreased chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, relative water content, and membrane leakage in wheat and barley.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- CS conditionse0
- Outcome
- Leaf total chlorophyll content (LTCC), stomatal conductance (SC), leaf relative water content (LRWC)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf total chlorophyll content (LTCC), stomatal conductance (SC), leaf relative water content (LRWC), and membrane leakage (ML) were negatively affected by CS conditions and decreased with reduced temperatures of media”
e1“wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Bezostiya) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Tokak) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold stress decreased membrane leakage in wheat and barley.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- CS conditionse0
- Outcome
- membrane leakage (ML)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“membrane leakage (ML) were negatively affected by CS conditions and decreased with reduced temperatures of media”
e1“wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Bezostiya) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Tokak) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron and PGPR alleviated low temperature damage in both wheat and barley.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- B and PGPR applicatione0
- Outcome
- low-temperature deleterious effecte0
- Direction
- alleviatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B and PGPR application alleviate the low-temperature deleterious effect in both species”
e1“wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Bezostiya) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Tokak) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron at 6 kg per hectare with R. terrigena gave the greatest stomatal conductance and relative water content.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- 6 kg B ha−1 combined with R. terrigena treatmente0
- Interactor
- R. terrigena
Klebsiella terrigenae0symbiont - Outcome
- SC and LRWCe0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The greatest SC and LRWC, and the lowest ML, were obtained by 6 kg B ha−1 combined with R. terrigena treatment”
e1“wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Bezostiya) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Tokak) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron at 6 kg per hectare with R. terrigena gave the lowest membrane leakage.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- 6 kg B ha−1 combined with R. terrigena treatmente0
- Interactor
- R. terrigenaKlebsiella terrigenae0symbiont
- Outcome
- MLe0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest ML, were obtained by 6 kg B ha−1 combined with R. terrigena treatment”
e1“wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Bezostiya) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Tokak) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
B. megaterium M3 alone gave the greatest leaf total chlorophyll under both cold conditions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- B. megaterium M3 application alonee0
- Interactor
- B. megaterium M3Priestia megateriume0symbiont
- Outcome
- LTCCe0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The greatest LTCC in both NCS and CS conditions was observed with B. megaterium M3 application alone”
e1“wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Bezostiya) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Tokak) plants”
The same questions in other papers
Azospirillum brasilense · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
23 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
22 papers more in this group
See all 26 papers →Priestia megaterium · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →Priestia megaterium · physiology: pigments · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Bacillus subtilis · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
38 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
35 papers more in this group
See all 39 papers →cold · physiology: pigments · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →inoculation · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
475 papers in the same direction as this paper · 55 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- no effect
528 papers more in this group
See all 532 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.