Abstract
Elevated CO2 concentrations expected in the 21st century can stimulate plant growth and yield, whereas tropospheric O3 suppresses plant growth and yield in many areas of the world. Recent experiments showed that elevated CO2 often protects plants from O3 stress, but this has not been tested for many important crop species including snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The objective of this study was to determine if elevated CO2 protects snap bean from O3 stress. An O3-tolerant cultivar (Tenderette) and an O3-sensitive selection (S156) were exposed from shortly after emergence to maturity to mixtures of CO2 and O3 in open-top field chambers. The two CO2 treatments were ambient and ambient with CO2 added for 24 h d(-1) resulting in seasonal 12 h d(-1) (0800-2000 h EST) mean concentrations of 366 and 697 microL L(-1), respectively. The two O3 treatments were charcoal-filtered air and nonfiltered air with O3 added for 12 h d(-1) to achieve seasonal 12 h d(-1) (0800-2000 h EST) mean concentrations of 23 and 72 nL L(-1), respectively. Elevated CO2 significantly stimulated growth and pod weight of Tenderette and S156, whereas elevated O3 significantly suppressed growth and pod weight of S156 but not of Tenderette. The suppressive effect of elevated O3 on pod dry weight of S156 was approximately 75% at ambient CO2 and approximately 60% at elevated CO2 (harvests combined). This amount of protection from O3 stress afforded by elevated CO2 was much less than reported for other crop species. Extreme sensitivity to O3 may be the reason elevated CO2 failed to significantly protect S156 from O3 stress.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 significantly stimulated growth and pod weight of Tenderette and S156 snap bean.
Verbatim
t0“Snap Bean”
e2“An O3-tolerant cultivar (Tenderette) and an O3-sensitive selection (S156) were exposed from shortly after emergence to maturity to mixtures of CO2 and O3 in open-top field chambers”
e3“The two CO2 treatments were ambient and ambient with CO2 added for 24 h d(-1)”
e4“Elevated CO2 significantly stimulated growth and pod weight of Tenderette and S156, whereas elevated O3 significantly suppressed growth and pod weight of S156 but not of Tenderette”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated O3 significantly suppressed growth and pod weight of the sensitive snap bean selection S156.
Verbatim
t0“Snap Bean”
e4“Elevated CO2 significantly stimulated growth and pod weight of Tenderette and S156, whereas elevated O3 significantly suppressed growth and pod weight of S156 but not of Tenderette”
e5“The two O3 treatments were charcoal-filtered air and nonfiltered air with O3 added for 12 h d(-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated O3 did not significantly change growth and pod weight of the tolerant snap bean cultivar Tenderette.
Verbatim
t0“Snap Bean”
e4“Elevated CO2 significantly stimulated growth and pod weight of Tenderette and S156, whereas elevated O3 significantly suppressed growth and pod weight of S156 but not of Tenderette”
e5“The two O3 treatments were charcoal-filtered air and nonfiltered air with O3 added for 12 h d(-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated O3 suppressed pod dry weight of S156 by approximately 75% at ambient CO2.
Verbatim
t0“Snap Bean”
e5“The two O3 treatments were charcoal-filtered air and nonfiltered air with O3 added for 12 h d(-1)”
e6“The suppressive effect of elevated O3 on pod dry weight of S156 was approximately 75% at ambient CO2 and approximately 60% at elevated CO2 (harvests combined)”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated O3 suppressed pod dry weight of S156 by approximately 60% at elevated CO2.
Verbatim
t0“Snap Bean”
e5“The two O3 treatments were charcoal-filtered air and nonfiltered air with O3 added for 12 h d(-1)”
e6“The suppressive effect of elevated O3 on pod dry weight of S156 was approximately 75% at ambient CO2 and approximately 60% at elevated CO2 (harvests combined)”
Claim · model-written summary
Protection from O3 stress afforded by elevated CO2 was much less than reported for other crop species.
Verbatim
t0“Snap Bean”
e7“This amount of protection from O3 stress afforded by elevated CO2 was much less than reported for other crop species”
Claim · model-written summary
Extreme sensitivity to O3 may explain why elevated CO2 failed to significantly protect S156 from O3 stress.
Verbatim
t0“Snap Bean”
e7“Extreme sensitivity to O3 may be the reason elevated CO2 failed to significantly protect S156 from O3 stress”
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