Abstract
European canker of apples caused by the fungus Neonectria galligena is a serious disease of apples throughout New Zealand Previously this pathogen was confined to the warm wet Waikato and Auckland districts In recent years the disease has become well established in Motueka and in the last three seasons has become prevalent in the Hawkes Bay Inoculum is present in the orchard throughout the year and any wound no matter how small is likely to become infected To control this pathogen inoculum levels in the orchard have to be reduced This involves treating whole trees post harvest and at leaf fall as well as pruning wounds and excision and treatment of active cankers Numerous fungicides were screened on agar for activity against N galligena and few exhibited strong inhibition of mycelial growth Manate thiophanate methyl chlorothanil dodine thiram slaked lime euparen multi copper oxychloride and captan were not effective whereas tebuconazole benomyl octhilinone and OM4 strongly inhibited growth Late season application of benomyl is ruled out because of the possible development of fungal resistance Field trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of paints/dressings containing tebuconazole and octhilinone at protecting pruning wounds and for application to excised stem cankers
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Tebuconazole, benomyl and octhilinone strongly inhibited N. galligena mycelial growth on agar
- Taxon
- apples
Malus domesticae0 - Treatment
- tebuconazole benomyl octhilinonee1
- Interactor
- N galligena
Neonectria galligenae3pathogen - Outcome
- mycelial growthe2
- Direction
- strongly inhibitede1
- Setting
- on agare3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“European canker of apples caused by the fungus Neonectria galligena”
e1“tebuconazole benomyl octhilinone and OM4 strongly inhibited growth”
e2“few exhibited strong inhibition of mycelial growth”
e3“Numerous fungicides were screened on agar for activity against N galligena”
Claim · model-written summary
OM4 strongly inhibited N. galligena mycelial growth on agar
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- OM4e1
- Interactor
- N galligenaNeonectria galligenae3pathogen
- Outcome
- mycelial growthe2
- Direction
- strongly inhibitede1
- Setting
- on agare3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“European canker of apples caused by the fungus Neonectria galligena”
e1“tebuconazole benomyl octhilinone and OM4 strongly inhibited growth”
e2“few exhibited strong inhibition of mycelial growth”
e3“Numerous fungicides were screened on agar for activity against N galligena”
Claim · model-written summary
Manate, thiophanate methyl and chlorothanil were not effective against N. galligena
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Manate thiophanate methyl chlorothanile4
- Interactor
- N galligenaNeonectria galligenae3pathogen
- Outcome
- activity against N galligenae3
- Direction
- not effectivee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“European canker of apples caused by the fungus Neonectria galligena”
e3“Numerous fungicides were screened on agar for activity against N galligena”
e4“Manate thiophanate methyl chlorothanil dodine thiram slaked lime euparen multi copper oxychloride and captan were not effective”
Claim · model-written summary
Dodine, thiram and slaked lime were not effective against N. galligena
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- dodine thiram slaked limee4
- Interactor
- N galligenaNeonectria galligenae3pathogen
- Outcome
- activity against N galligenae3
- Direction
- not effectivee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“European canker of apples caused by the fungus Neonectria galligena”
e3“Numerous fungicides were screened on agar for activity against N galligena”
e4“Manate thiophanate methyl chlorothanil dodine thiram slaked lime euparen multi copper oxychloride and captan were not effective”
Claim · model-written summary
Euparen, multi copper oxychloride and captan were not effective against N. galligena
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- euparen multi copper oxychloride and captane4
- Interactor
- N galligenaNeonectria galligenae3pathogen
- Outcome
- activity against N galligenae3
- Direction
- not effectivee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“European canker of apples caused by the fungus Neonectria galligena”
e3“Numerous fungicides were screened on agar for activity against N galligena”
e4“Manate thiophanate methyl chlorothanil dodine thiram slaked lime euparen multi copper oxychloride and captan were not effective”
Claim · model-written summary
Late-season application of benomyl is ruled out because of possible fungal resistance
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Outcome
- Late season application of benomyle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“European canker of apples caused by the fungus Neonectria galligena”
e5“Late season application of benomyl is ruled out because of the possible development of fungal resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
Paints or dressings containing tebuconazole and octhilinone were effective in protecting pruning wounds and excised stem cankers
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- paints/dressings containing tebuconazole and octhilinonee6
- Interactor
- Neonectria galligenaNeonectria galligenae0pathogen
- Outcome
- protecting pruning woundse6
- Direction
- effectivenesse6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“European canker of apples caused by the fungus Neonectria galligena”
e6“Field trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of paints/dressings containing tebuconazole and octhilinone at protecting pruning wounds and for application to excised stem cankers”
The same questions in other papers
1-dodecylguanidine acetate · Neonectria galligena · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
copper atom · Neonectria galligena · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
calcium dihydroxide · Neonectria galligena · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
thiophanate-methyl · Neonectria galligena · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- no effect
captan · Neonectria galligena · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →benomyl · Neonectria galligena · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
octhilinone · Neonectria galligena · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.