Abstract
Changes in protein, lipid, and carbohydrate content, and the weight loss of soybean seeds caused by the feeding of 6- to 7-d-old unmated male adults of the pentatomids Peizodorous hybneri (Gmelin) and Halymorpha halys (Stål), and an alydid, Riptortus pedestris (F.), were examined in the laboratory. Our goals were to determine which species had the greatest capacity to damage soybean seed and to measure the effect of that damage on the nutritional composition of soybean seed. Individuals of the three species were provided with a preweighed dry soybean seed and allowed to feed for 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 d, after which the remaining seed was analyzed for any change in weight, protein, lipid, and carbohydrate concentration. Lipids, carbohydrates, and seed weights were reduced by bug feeding, and the reduction was directly proportional to feeding duration. H. halys was found to be the most voracious feeder, reducing soybean seed weight by 42% after 24 d of feeding. There was a significant interaction between species and feeding duration for changes in nutritional components. Seeds fed on by H. halys had the highest incremental increase in protein content (13%) after 24 d of feeding, followed by those fed on by R. pedestris and P. hybneri. However, carbohydrates and lipid content of the soybean seeds fed by the tested insect species were found to decrease significantly. Soybean pods at mature stages remain in the field for a long period, and findings of our study suggest that longer exposure of the mature soybean pods to these pest species in the field may lead to low-quality seeds and lower yields, and may even affect the germination potential of the seeds.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Bug feeding reduced soybean seed lipids, carbohydrates and seed weight
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- bug feedinge1
- Outcome
- Lipids, carbohydrates, and seed weightse1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Seed”
e1“Lipids, carbohydrates, and seed weights were reduced by bug feeding, and the reduction was directly proportional to feeding duration”
Claim · model-written summary
The reduction of soybean seed components by bug feeding is directly proportional to feeding duration
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- feeding duratione1
- Outcome
- reductione1
- Direction
- directly proportionale1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Seed”
e1“Lipids, carbohydrates, and seed weights were reduced by bug feeding, and the reduction was directly proportional to feeding duration”
Claim · model-written summary
Halymorpha halys was the most voracious feeder, reducing soybean seed weight by 42% after 24 days
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- feedinge2
- Interactor
- H. halyse2pest
- Outcome
- soybean seed weighte2
- Direction
- reducinge2
- Value
- 42%e2
- Qualifier
- the most voracious feedere2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Seed”
e2“H. halys was found to be the most voracious feeder, reducing soybean seed weight by 42% after 24 d of feeding”
Claim · model-written summary
Seeds fed on by H. halys had the highest incremental increase in protein content, 13% after 24 days
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- feedinge3
- Interactor
- H. halyse3pest
- Outcome
- protein contente3
- Direction
- highest incremental increasee3
- Value
- 13%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Seed”
e3“Seeds fed on by H. halys had the highest incremental increase in protein content (13%) after 24 d of feeding, followed by those fed on by R. pedestris and P. hybneri”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbohydrate and lipid content of soybean seeds fed on by the tested insect species decreased significantly
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- fed by the tested insect speciese4
- Outcome
- carbohydrates and lipid contente4
- Direction
- decreasee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Seed”
e4“However, carbohydrates and lipid content of the soybean seeds fed by the tested insect species were found to decrease significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
There is a significant interaction between species and feeding duration for changes in soybean seed nutritional components
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- feeding duratione5
- Outcome
- changes in nutritional componentse5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Seed”
e5“There was a significant interaction between species and feeding duration for changes in nutritional components”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer field exposure of mature soybean pods to these pests may lead to low-quality seeds and lower yields
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- longer exposure of the mature soybean pods to these pest species in the fielde6
- Outcome
- low-quality seeds and lower yieldse6
- Setting
- in the fielde6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Seed”
e6“longer exposure of the mature soybean pods to these pest species in the field may lead to low-quality seeds and lower yields, and may even affect the germination potential of the seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer field exposure of mature soybean pods to these pests may affect soybean seed germination potential
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- longer exposure of the mature soybean pods to these pest species in the fielde6
- Outcome
- germination potentiale6
- Setting
- in the fielde6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Seed”
e6“longer exposure of the mature soybean pods to these pest species in the field may lead to low-quality seeds and lower yields, and may even affect the germination potential of the seeds”
The same questions in other papers
infection · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
41 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- positive
47 papers more in this group
See all 51 papers →infection · quality: sugar starch · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.