Abstract
This study provided visual evidence of a nitrogen effect on starch granules (SGs) in wheat endosperm. Winter wheat (Titicum aestivum L.) cultivar Xumai 30 was cultured under no nitrogen (control) and 240 kg ha− 1 of nitrogen applied at the booting stage. The number, morphology, and size of A- and B-type SGs in subaleurone of dorsal endosperm (SDE), center of dorsal endosperm (CDE), modified aleurone (MA), subaleurone of ventral endosperm (SVE), and center of ventral endosperm (CVE) were observed under light and electron microscopes. (1) The distribution of SGs in SDE was similar to that in SVE, the distributions of SGs in CDE and CVE were similar, but the distribution of SGs in MA was different from those in the other four endosperm regions. The number of SGs in the five endosperm regions was in the order SDE > CDE > SVE > CVE > MA. (2) Nitrogen increased the number of A- and B-type SGs in SDE and SVE. Nitrogen also increased the number of B-type SGs but decreased the number of A-type SGs in CDE and CVE. Nitrogen decreased the numbers of A-type and B-type SGs in MA. The results suggest that increased N fertilizer application mainly increased the numbers of small SGs and decreased the numbers of large SGs, but that the results varied in different regions of the wheat endosperm.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Starch granule distribution was similar between SDE and SVE.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Organ / stage
- SDEe0
- Outcome
- distribution of SGse0
- Comparator
- SVEe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The distribution of SGs in SDE was similar to that in SVE”
e1“Winter wheat (Titicum aestivum L.) cultivar Xumai 30”
Claim · model-written summary
Starch granule distributions were similar between CDE and CVE.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Organ / stage
- CDE and CVEe0
- Outcome
- distributions of SGse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the distributions of SGs in CDE and CVE were similar”
e1“Winter wheat (Titicum aestivum L.) cultivar Xumai 30”
Claim · model-written summary
MA granule distribution differed from the other four regions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Organ / stage
- MAe0
- Outcome
- distribution of SGse0
- Comparator
- other four endosperm regionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the distribution of SGs in MA was different from those in the other four endosperm regions”
e1“Winter wheat (Titicum aestivum L.) cultivar Xumai 30”
Claim · model-written summary
Granule number ranked SDE above CDE above SVE above CVE above MA.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Organ / stage
- five endosperm regionse0
- Outcome
- number of SGse0
- Qualifier
- SDE > CDE > SVE > CVE > MAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The number of SGs in the five endosperm regions was in the order SDE > CDE > SVE > CVE > MA”
e1“Winter wheat (Titicum aestivum L.) cultivar Xumai 30”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen increased A- and B-type granule numbers in SDE and SVE.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Organ / stage
- SDE and SVEe0
- Treatment
- 240 kg ha− 1 of nitrogen applied at the booting stagee2
- Outcome
- number of A- and B-type SGse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- no nitrogen (control)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen increased the number of A- and B-type SGs in SDE and SVE”
e1“Winter wheat (Titicum aestivum L.) cultivar Xumai 30”
e2“no nitrogen (control) and 240 kg ha− 1 of nitrogen applied at the booting stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen increased B-type granules in CDE and CVE.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Organ / stage
- CDE and CVEe0
- Treatment
- 240 kg ha− 1 of nitrogen applied at the booting stagee2
- Outcome
- number of B-type SGse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- no nitrogen (control)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen also increased the number of B-type SGs but decreased the number of A-type SGs in CDE and CVE”
e1“Winter wheat (Titicum aestivum L.) cultivar Xumai 30”
e2“no nitrogen (control) and 240 kg ha− 1 of nitrogen applied at the booting stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen decreased A-type granules in CDE and CVE.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Organ / stage
- CDE and CVEe0
- Treatment
- 240 kg ha− 1 of nitrogen applied at the booting stagee2
- Outcome
- number of A-type SGse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- no nitrogen (control)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen also increased the number of B-type SGs but decreased the number of A-type SGs in CDE and CVE”
e1“Winter wheat (Titicum aestivum L.) cultivar Xumai 30”
e2“no nitrogen (control) and 240 kg ha− 1 of nitrogen applied at the booting stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen decreased both A- and B-type granules in MA.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Organ / stage
- MAe0
- Treatment
- 240 kg ha− 1 of nitrogen applied at the booting stagee2
- Outcome
- numbers of A-type and B-type SGse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- no nitrogen (control)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen decreased the numbers of A-type and B-type SGs in MA”
e1“Winter wheat (Titicum aestivum L.) cultivar Xumai 30”
e2“no nitrogen (control) and 240 kg ha− 1 of nitrogen applied at the booting stage”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · quality: sugar starch · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
27 papers in the same direction as this paper · 13 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
38 papers more in this group
See all 42 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.