Abstract
Premergence (PRE) herbicides were applied to a bermudagrass golf green overseeded with ‘Laser’ roughstalk bluegrass during 1995 and 1996 to determine their effects on roughstalk bluegrass injury and on the transition from a mixed cool- and warm-season grass back to the permanent bermudagrass. Roughstalk bluegrass tolerated single March applications of trifluralin plus benefin at 2.2 kg/ha, pendimethalin at 3.4 kg/ha, dithiopyr at 0.6 kg/ha, prodiamine at 0.8 kg/ha, bensulide plus oxadiazon at 8.4 kg/ha, and bensulide at 11.2 kg/ha. A single March application of oxadiazon plus benefin at 3.4 kg/ha severely injured (35%) the overseeded turf in 1 yr, but not when 1.7 kg/ha was applied in March and repeated in May. One-half recommended rates of oxadiazon and bensulide plus oxadiazon applied in March did not cause any undesirable injury, but when repeated in May, moderate to severe injury (28 to 33%) occurred in June. Oryzalin at ≥ 1.1 kg/ha, benefin plus oryzalin at ≥ 1.1 kg/ha, and oxyfluorfen plus oryzalin at ≥ 1.7 kg/ha severely injured (≥ 35%) roughstalk bluegrass. The rate of transition of mixed roughstalk bluegrass and bermudagrass back to permanent bermudagrass was not affected by any of the PRE herbicides except when oryzalin was applied alone or in combination with benefin or oxyfluorfen.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Roughstalk bluegrass tolerated the listed single March herbicides.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Roughstalk bluegrass tolerated single March applications of trifluralin plus benefin at 2.2 kg/ha, pendimethalin at 3.4 kg/ha, dithiopyr at 0.6 kg/ha, prodiamine at 0.8 kg/ha, bensulide plus oxadiazon at 8.4 kg/ha, and bensulide at 11.2 kg/ha.”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxadiazon plus benefin at 3.4 kg/ha caused 35% injury in one year.
- Taxon
- roughstalk bluegrasst0
- Treatment
- oxadiazon plus benefin at 3.4 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- overseeded turfe0
- Direction
- severely injurede0
- Value
- 35%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“A single March application of oxadiazon plus benefin at 3.4 kg/ha severely injured (35%) the overseeded turf in 1 yr”
t0“Roughstalk Bluegrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Split oxadiazon plus benefin applications avoided that injury.
- Taxon
- roughstalk bluegrasst0
- Treatment
- 1.7 kg/ha was applied in March and repeated in Maye0
- Outcome
- note0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“but not when 1.7 kg/ha was applied in March and repeated in May.”
t0“Roughstalk Bluegrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Half-rate March oxadiazon and bensulide plus oxadiazon caused no undesirable injury.
- Taxon
- roughstalk bluegrasst0
- Treatment
- One-half recommended rates of oxadiazon and bensulide plus oxadiazon applied in Marche0
- Outcome
- undesirable injurye0
- Direction
- did not causee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“One-half recommended rates of oxadiazon and bensulide plus oxadiazon applied in March did not cause any undesirable injury”
t0“Roughstalk Bluegrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeating the half-rate applications in May caused 28 to 33% injury.
- Taxon
- roughstalk bluegrasst0
- Treatment
- repeated in Maye0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Direction
- moderate to severee0
- Value
- 28 to 33%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“when repeated in May, moderate to severe injury (28 to 33%) occurred in June.”
t0“Roughstalk Bluegrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Oryzalin at at least 1.1 kg/ha severely injured bluegrass.
- Taxon
- roughstalk bluegrasse0
- Treatment
- Oryzalin at ≥ 1.1 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- roughstalk bluegrasse0
- Direction
- severely injurede0
- Value
- ≥ 35%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Oryzalin at ≥ 1.1 kg/ha, benefin plus oryzalin at ≥ 1.1 kg/ha, and oxyfluorfen plus oryzalin at ≥ 1.7 kg/ha severely injured (≥ 35%) roughstalk bluegrass.”
Claim · model-written summary
Benefin plus oryzalin at at least 1.1 kg/ha severely injured bluegrass.
- Taxon
- roughstalk bluegrasse0
- Treatment
- benefin plus oryzalin at ≥ 1.1 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- roughstalk bluegrasse0
- Direction
- severely injurede0
- Value
- ≥ 35%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Oryzalin at ≥ 1.1 kg/ha, benefin plus oryzalin at ≥ 1.1 kg/ha, and oxyfluorfen plus oryzalin at ≥ 1.7 kg/ha severely injured (≥ 35%) roughstalk bluegrass.”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxyfluorfen plus oryzalin at at least 1.7 kg/ha severely injured bluegrass.
- Taxon
- roughstalk bluegrasse0
- Treatment
- oxyfluorfen plus oryzalin at ≥ 1.7 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- roughstalk bluegrasse0
- Direction
- severely injurede0
- Value
- ≥ 35%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Oryzalin at ≥ 1.1 kg/ha, benefin plus oryzalin at ≥ 1.1 kg/ha, and oxyfluorfen plus oryzalin at ≥ 1.7 kg/ha severely injured (≥ 35%) roughstalk bluegrass.”
Claim · model-written summary
Most preemergence herbicides did not affect transition to bermudagrass, except oryzalin treatments.
- Taxon
- bermudagrass
Cynodon dactylone0 - Treatment
- PRE herbicidese0
- Outcome
- rate of transition of mixed roughstalk bluegrass and bermudagrass back to permanent bermudagrasse0
- Direction
- not affectede0
- Qualifier
- except when oryzalin was applied alone or in combination with benefin or oxyfluorfene0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rate of transition of mixed roughstalk bluegrass and bermudagrass back to permanent bermudagrass was not affected by any of the PRE herbicides except when oryzalin was applied alone or in combination with benefin or oxyfluorfen.”
The same questions in other papers
herbicide · organism · Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.