Abstract
The effect of triazole-based treatments on Fusarium head blight (FHB), grain yields and the accumulation of deoxynivalenol (DON) in harvested wheat kernels was evaluated by means of twenty multi-site field experiments performed during five consecutive growing seasons (from 2004‒2005 to 2008‒2009) in Italy. Fungicide treatments were carried out on different cultivars of common wheat (cv. Serio, Blasco, Genio and Savio) and durum wheat (cv. Orobel, Saragolla, San Carlo, Levante, Duilio, Karur and Derrik) after artificial inoculation with a mixture of toxigenic Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum strains. The application of fungicides containing prothioconazole (Proline® or Prosaro®) at the beginning of anthesis (BBCH 61) resulted in a consistent reduction of FHB disease severity (by between 39 and 93%) and DON levels in wheat kernels (by between 40 and 91%) and increased wheat yields (from 0.4 to 5.6 t ha-1, average 2.2 t ha-1), as compared to the untreated/inoculated control. Fungicides containing tebuconazole (Folicur® SE) and cyproconazole plus prochloraz (Tiptor® Xcell) showed a reduced effectiveness compared with prothioconazole-based treatments. All fungicide treatments were more effective in reducing DON and increasing grain yields of common wheat than durum wheat. Results showed that the application of fungicides containing prothioconazole at the beginning of anthesis provided a strong reduction of FHB disease, allowing both an increase in grain yields and a considerable reduction of DON content in wheat kernels.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Prothioconazole fungicides reduced Fusarium head blight severity by 39 to 93% relative to untreated inoculated control.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Organ / stage
- beginning of anthesise0
- Treatment
- fungicides containing prothioconazolee0
- Outcome
- FHB disease severitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 39 and 93%e0
- Comparator
- untreated/inoculated controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of fungicides containing prothioconazole (Proline® or Prosaro®) at the beginning of anthesis (BBCH 61) resulted in a consistent reduction of FHB disease severity (by between 39 and 93%)”
e1“as compared to the untreated/inoculated control”
t0“wheat under field conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Prothioconazole fungicides reduced DON levels in wheat kernels by 40 to 91% relative to untreated inoculated control.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- fungicides containing prothioconazolee2
- Outcome
- DON levels in wheat kernelse0
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 40 and 91%e0
- Comparator
- untreated/inoculated controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DON levels in wheat kernels (by between 40 and 91%)”
e1“resulted in a consistent reduction of FHB disease severity”
e2“fungicides containing prothioconazole (Proline® or Prosaro®)”
e3“as compared to the untreated/inoculated control”
Claim · model-written summary
Prothioconazole fungicides increased wheat yields by 0.4 to 5.6 t ha-1, averaging 2.2 t ha-1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- fungicides containing prothioconazolee1
- Outcome
- wheat yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.4 to 5.6 t ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- average 2.2 t ha-1e0
- Comparator
- untreated/inoculated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased wheat yields (from 0.4 to 5.6 t ha-1, average 2.2 t ha-1), as compared to the untreated/inoculated control”
e1“fungicides containing prothioconazole (Proline® or Prosaro®)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tebuconazole fungicide was less effective than prothioconazole treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- tebuconazole (Folicur® SE)e0
- Outcome
- effectivenesse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- prothioconazole-based treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fungicides containing tebuconazole (Folicur® SE) and cyproconazole plus prochloraz (Tiptor® Xcell) showed a reduced effectiveness compared with prothioconazole-based treatments”
t0“wheat under field conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyproconazole plus prochloraz was less effective than prothioconazole treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- cyproconazole plus prochloraz (Tiptor® Xcell)e0
- Outcome
- effectivenesse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- prothioconazole-based treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fungicides containing tebuconazole (Folicur® SE) and cyproconazole plus prochloraz (Tiptor® Xcell) showed a reduced effectiveness compared with prothioconazole-based treatments”
t0“wheat under field conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicides reduced DON more effectively in common wheat than durum wheat.
- Taxon
- common wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- fungicide treatmentse0
- Outcome
- DONe0
- Direction
- more effective in reducinge0
- Comparator
- durum wheate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All fungicide treatments were more effective in reducing DON and increasing grain yields of common wheat than durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicides increased grain yields more effectively in common wheat than durum wheat.
- Taxon
- common wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- fungicide treatmentse0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- durum wheate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All fungicide treatments were more effective in reducing DON and increasing grain yields of common wheat than durum wheat”
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