Abstract
조풍해(briny wind)에 대한 과수 과종간 피해 양상을 알아보기 위해 본 실험을 수행하였다. 갈변율의 경시적 변화에서 배와 복숭아는 처리 후 1시간 만에 갈변이 시작되었고, 사과와 포도는 2시간 후부터 갈변증상을 나타냈나. 배와 포도는 농도가 높아질수록 낙엽률도 증가되었다. 염분처리에 대한 사과의 에틸렌 함량은 NaCl 3.0% 처리한 경우 1, 2시간 후까지 무처리와 큰 차이가 없었지만, 24시간 후에는 무처리 보다 약 3배 이상 높은 함량을 나타냈고, 5일 후에는 차이가 없었다. 사과의 염분처리에서 뒷면처리는 앞 뒷면 전체처리한 경우와 동일한 갈변과 낙엽률을 보였다. 엽령에 따른 NaCl의 반응은 사과와 배 모두에서 성엽이 유엽보다는 피해가 크게 나타났고 배보다는 사과가 염에 대해 민감하였다. 처리시기에 따른 염피해 에서 7월 30일 처리는 사과에서 측아가 발아되었으며, 정단은 배 30%를 제외하고 나머지 과종은 100% 발아하였다. 상위엽과 정단의 호르몬 함량을 조사한 결과에서, 잎의 t-zeatin 함량은 대포구가 염처리구 보다 높은 함량을 나타냈다. 하지만 IAA와 ABA는 염농도가 높아질수록 상위엽의 함량이 증가하였다. We investigated the mechanism on occurring of briny injury in four fruit species (apple, pear, grape, peach). Briny injury of apple, pear, peach, and grape was induced by the foliar splay of saline solutions. Browning symptom was initiated one hour after the spray of 3% NaCl in apple, pearl and peach trees. while two hour were needed for grape, but the latter developed the symptom faster than the formers. Foliar spray of 3% NaCl resulted in 4-fold increase in ethylene production 24 h after the spray, and the production was returned to early stage rate after 72 h. Ethylene production of control was nearly constant with slight decrease after 4 h. Browning and defoliation response to the spray of 3% NaCl on lower side were not different from the spray on both sides regardless of fruit species, while no injury symptoms occurred by the spiny on upper side. In saline damage for treated date, lateral bud was only germinated in apple at 30 July. A shoot apex was 100% grew in all fruit tree. In result for hormonal content of leaf and shoot apex, control was high t-zeatin content in leaf. However, IAA and ABA content was increasing in high saline concentration.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar saline spray induced briny injury in apple.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae0 - Treatment
- foliar splay of saline solutionse0
- Outcome
- Briny injurye0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Briny injury of apple, pear, peach, and grape was induced by the foliar splay of saline solutions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar saline spray induced briny injury in pear.
- Taxon
- pear
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=60)
Pyrus communise0 - Treatment
- foliar splay of saline solutionse0
- Outcome
- Briny injurye0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Briny injury of apple, pear, peach, and grape was induced by the foliar splay of saline solutions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar saline spray induced briny injury in peach.
- Taxon
- peach
Prunus persicae0 - Treatment
- foliar splay of saline solutionse0
- Outcome
- Briny injurye0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Briny injury of apple, pear, peach, and grape was induced by the foliar splay of saline solutions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar saline spray induced briny injury in grape.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Briny injury of apple, pear, peach, and grape was induced by the foliar splay of saline solutions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Browning began one hour after 3% NaCl spray in apple, pear and peach trees.
Verbatim
e0“Browning symptom was initiated one hour after the spray of 3% NaCl in apple, pearl and peach trees.”
Claim · model-written summary
Grape browning began after two hours and developed faster.
Verbatim
e0“while two hour were needed for grape, but the latter developed the symptom faster than the formers.”
Claim · model-written summary
A 3% NaCl spray increased ethylene production fourfold after 24 hours.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- Foliar spray of 3% NaCle0
- Outcome
- ethylene productione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 4-folde0
- Qualifier
- 24 h after the spraye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar spray of 3% NaCl resulted in 4-fold increase in ethylene production 24 h after the spray”
e1“Briny injury of apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene production returned to its initial rate after 72 hours.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Outcome
- production was returned to early stage ratee0
- Value
- 72 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the production was returned to early stage rate after 72 h.”
e1“Briny injury of apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Control ethylene production remained nearly constant with slight decline after four hours.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Outcome
- Ethylene production of controle0
- Direction
- slight decreasee0
- Value
- 4 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethylene production of control was nearly constant with slight decrease after 4 h.”
e1“Briny injury of apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower-side and both-side NaCl sprays caused similar browning and defoliation.
Verbatim
e0“Browning and defoliation response to the spray of 3% NaCl on lower side were not different from the spray on both sides regardless of fruit species”
Claim · model-written summary
Upper-side spray produced no injury symptoms.
- Taxon
- fruit speciese1
- Treatment
- spiny on upper sidee0
- Outcome
- injury symptomse0
- Direction
- no injury symptomse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“no injury symptoms occurred by the spiny on upper side.”
e1“regardless of fruit species”
Claim · model-written summary
The July 30 treatment induced lateral bud germination only in apple.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Outcome
- lateral bud was only germinatede0
- Qualifier
- 30 Julye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lateral bud was only germinated in apple at 30 July.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot apices grew in all fruit trees.
Verbatim
e0“A shoot apex was 100% grew in all fruit tree.”
Claim · model-written summary
Control leaves had higher t-zeatin content.
Verbatim
e0“control was high t-zeatin content in leaf.”
e1“all fruit tree”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher salinity increased leaf IAA content.
Verbatim
e0“IAA and ABA content was increasing in high saline concentration.”
e1“all fruit tree”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher salinity increased leaf ABA content.
Verbatim
e0“IAA and ABA content was increasing in high saline concentration.”
e1“all fruit tree”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.