Abstract
A field experiments were conducted for five years from 2003-04 to 2007-08, during rabi seasons at G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, on Mollisols under the Tarai region of the Uttarakhand, to study the effect of organic sources of nitrogen nutrition on growth, productivity and quality of wheat {Triticum aestivum (L.) emend. Fiori & Paol}, PBW 343. Fourteen treatments with three replications were laid out in a randomized block design (fixed plot). Four nitrogen doses i.e. 125, 100, 75 and 50% of the recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN=150 kg/ha) were applied through each of the three organic sources i.e. FYM, vermicompost and neemax. Urea as inorganic source for recommended nitrogen and control (no nitrogen) was also tested for comparison of the results. The study showed that RDN through urea gave maximum wheat yield (4.63 t/ha), which was signifi- cantly higher than other treatments. Among the organic sources of nitrogen nutrition, FYM @ 125% of RDN gave maximum wheat yield (3.65 t/ha), which was at par with vermicompost and neemax at same rate but significantly higher than FYM @ 50% of RDN. Morphological determinants viz. emergence count/m2, plant height (cm), dry matter accumulation (g/m2) and yield contributing characters, i.e., spike/m2, grains/spike1 and 1,000-grains weight (g) were also significantly higher under N nutrition through urea than others, but FYM, vermicompost and neemax @ 125% of RDN gave significantly higher value of these parameters than their respective nitrogen nutrition @ 50% . Protein content, protein yield, nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency indicators, which higher under ni- trogen nutrition through urea, than those under organic sources of nitrogen. Among the organic sources, vermicompost resulted in maximum value of protein content, protein yield and nitrogen harvest index than others. However, nitrogen use efficiency indicators i.e., physiological, agronomic and recovery efficiency were higher un- der FYM treated plots. All of the organic treatments except 50% of RDN through neemax and 50% of RDN through vermicompost were highly promising. All the treatments except control maintained a positive balance of nitrogen in soil. High cost involved in procuring large quantity of FYM and vermicompost resulted in negative net returns un- der these treatments.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Urea at recommended nitrogen dose produced maximum wheat yield of 4.63 t/ha, significantly above other treatments.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- RDN through ureae0
- Outcome
- wheat yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 4.63 t/hae0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RDN through urea gave maximum wheat yield (4.63 t/ha), which was signifi- cantly higher than other treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM at 125% of RDN produced maximum organic-source wheat yield of 3.65 t/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- FYM @ 125% of RDNe0
- Outcome
- wheat yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 3.65 t/hae0
- Comparator
- organic sources of nitrogen nutritione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the organic sources of nitrogen nutrition, FYM @ 125% of RDN gave maximum wheat yield (3.65 t/ha), which was at par with vermicompost and neemax at same rate but significantly higher than FYM @ 50% of RDN.”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM at 125% of RDN had wheat yield at par with vermicompost at the same rate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- FYM @ 125% of RDNe0
- Outcome
- wheat yielde0
- Direction
- at pare0
- Comparator
- vermicomposte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FYM @ 125% of RDN gave maximum wheat yield (3.65 t/ha), which was at par with vermicompost and neemax at same rate”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM at 125% of RDN had wheat yield at par with neemax at the same rate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- FYM @ 125% of RDNe0
- Outcome
- wheat yielde0
- Direction
- at pare0
- Comparator
- neemaxe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FYM @ 125% of RDN gave maximum wheat yield (3.65 t/ha), which was at par with vermicompost and neemax at same rate”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM at 125% of RDN yielded significantly more wheat than FYM at 50%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- FYM @ 125% of RDNe0
- Outcome
- wheat yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- FYM @ 50% of RDNe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FYM @ 125% of RDN gave maximum wheat yield (3.65 t/ha), which was at par with vermicompost and neemax at same rate but significantly higher than FYM @ 50% of RDN.”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea significantly increased emergence, height, and dry matter relative to other nitrogen sources.
- Treatment
- N nutrition through ureae0
- Outcome
- emergence count/m2, plant height (cm), dry matter accumulation (g/m2)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- otherse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Morphological determinants viz. emergence count/m2, plant height (cm), dry matter accumulation (g/m2) and yield contributing characters, i.e., spike/m2, grains/spike1 and 1,000-grains weight (g) were also significantly higher under N nutrition through urea than others”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea significantly increased wheat spikes, grains per spike, and thousand-grain weight relative to other sources.
- Treatment
- N nutrition through ureae0
- Outcome
- spike/m2, grains/spike1 and 1,000-grains weight (g)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- otherse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“yield contributing characters, i.e., spike/m2, grains/spike1 and 1,000-grains weight (g) were also significantly higher under N nutrition through urea than others”
Claim · model-written summary
At 125% RDN, FYM increased the listed morphology and yield components over its 50% dose.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- FYMe0
- Outcome
- these parameterse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- 50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“FYM, vermicompost and neemax @ 125% of RDN gave significantly higher value of these parameters than their respective nitrogen nutrition @ 50%”
Claim · model-written summary
At 125% RDN, vermicompost increased the listed morphology and yield components over its 50% dose.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- vermicomposte0
- Outcome
- these parameterse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- 50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“FYM, vermicompost and neemax @ 125% of RDN gave significantly higher value of these parameters than their respective nitrogen nutrition @ 50%”
Claim · model-written summary
At 125% RDN, neemax increased the listed morphology and yield components over its 50% dose.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- neemaxe0
- Outcome
- these parameterse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- 50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“FYM, vermicompost and neemax @ 125% of RDN gave significantly higher value of these parameters than their respective nitrogen nutrition @ 50%”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea exceeded organic sources for wheat protein content, protein yield, and nitrogen uptake.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ureae0
- Outcome
- Protein content, protein yield, nitrogen uptakee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- organic sources of nitrogene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Protein content, protein yield, nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency indicators, which higher under ni- trogen nutrition through urea, than those under organic sources of nitrogen.”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea exceeded organic sources for nitrogen use efficiency indicators.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ureae0
- Outcome
- nitrogen use efficiency indicatorse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- organic sources of nitrogene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“nitrogen use efficiency indicators, which higher under ni- trogen nutrition through urea, than those under organic sources of nitrogen.”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost maximized protein content, protein yield, and nitrogen harvest index among organic sources.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- vermicomposte0
- Outcome
- protein content, protein yield and nitrogen harvest indexe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- otherse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Among the organic sources, vermicompost resulted in maximum value of protein content, protein yield and nitrogen harvest index than others.”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM had higher physiological, agronomic, and recovery efficiency.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- FYMe0
- Outcome
- physiological, agronomic and recovery efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“nitrogen use efficiency indicators i.e., physiological, agronomic and recovery efficiency were higher un- der FYM treated plots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic treatments other than 50% RDN neemax and 50% RDN vermicompost were judged promising.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- highly promisinge0
- Qualifier
- except 50% of RDN through neemax and 50% of RDN through vermicomposte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“All of the organic treatments except 50% of RDN through neemax and 50% of RDN through vermicompost were highly promising.”
Claim · model-written summary
All nitrogen treatments except control maintained a positive soil nitrogen balance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- positive balance of nitrogen in soile0
- Qualifier
- except controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“All the treatments except control maintained a positive balance of nitrogen in soil.”
Claim · model-written summary
High procurement cost of FYM and vermicompost caused negative net returns for these treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- FYM and vermicomposte0
- Outcome
- negative net returnse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“High cost involved in procuring large quantity of FYM and vermicompost resulted in negative net returns un- der these treatments.”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · nutrient: efficiency · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
126 papers in the same direction as this paper · 45 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
170 papers more in this group
See all 174 papers →nitrogen · quality: protein · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
399 papers in the same direction as this paper · 47 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
450 papers more in this group
See all 454 papers →fertilization · quality: protein · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
500 papers in the same direction as this paper · 56 in the opposite direction · 9 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
562 papers more in this group
See all 566 papers →nitrogen · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1,736 papers in the same direction as this paper · 285 in the opposite direction · 39 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
2,057 papers more in this group
See all 2,061 papers →fertilization · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
3,114 papers in the same direction as this paper · 284 in the opposite direction · 39 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
3,434 papers more in this group
See all 3,438 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.