Abstract
SummaryThere is evidence to suggest that the eradication of Monilinia fructicola in infected peach peduncles in winter may reduce brown rot during the subsequent season. In a series of experiments, in which treatments were applied in the field and the results assessed in the laboratory, benomyl and arsenic or mercury compounds were more effective in suppressing sporulation from overwintering infections than any of the other materials tested. Benomyl effectively suppressed sporulation from infected peach peduncles and mummified peach fruits and was not phytotoxic. Sodium arsenite was an effective eradicant of M. fructicola in peach peduncles and mummified peach fruit at 0·1% and 0·3%, but it was phytotoxic to both peach and apricot trees at rates as low as 0·01% whether applied in mid-winter or at early bud-swell. Phenylmercury chloride (PMC), mercury acetimide at 0·06% Hg and phenylmercury dimethyldithiocarbamate at 0·015% Hg were effective eradicants. At lower rates the mercurials were unsatisfactory. No phytotoxicity was observed following dormant applications of the mercury compounds.Lime-sulphur plus oil was the best of the remaining materials. DNOC performed about as well as lime-sulphur on peduncles but failed to suppress sporulation on mummified fruits and was occasionally phytotoxic.Sodium pentachlorophenate was superior to pentachlorophenyl acetate at the same rate, and, in contrast with some overseas experience with peaches and apricots, was not phytotoxic in these tests.Bordeaux mixture, fentin acetate, N.C.I584, captan, captafol and dichlone, although not phytotoxic, did not show significant eradicant or antisporulant action.There was some evidence that PMC acted both as an eradicant and an antisporulant.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Benomyl and arsenic or mercury compounds were more effective than any of the other materials tested in suppressing sporulation of Monilinia fructicola from overwintering infections in peach.
- Taxon
- peach
Prunus persicat0 - Treatment
- benomyl and arsenic or mercury compoundse0
- Interactor
- Monilinia fructicola
Monilinia fructicolat0pathogen - Outcome
- sporulation from overwintering infectionse0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- any of the other materials testede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“benomyl and arsenic or mercury compounds were more effective in suppressing sporulation from overwintering infections than any of the other materials tested”
t0“dormant peach trees for control of brown rot (Monilinia fructicola)”
Claim · model-written summary
Benomyl effectively suppressed sporulation of Monilinia fructicola from infected peach peduncles and mummified peach fruits.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Organ / stage
- infected peach peduncles and mummified peach fruitse0
- Treatment
- Benomyle0
- Interactor
- Monilinia fructicolaMonilinia fructicolat0pathogen
- Outcome
- sporulatione0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Benomyl effectively suppressed sporulation from infected peach peduncles and mummified peach fruits”
t0“dormant peach trees for control of brown rot (Monilinia fructicola)”
Claim · model-written summary
Benomyl applied to dormant peach trees was not phytotoxic.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- Benomyle0
- Outcome
- phytotoxice0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Benomyl effectively suppressed sporulation from infected peach peduncles and mummified peach fruits and was not phytotoxic”
t0“dormant peach trees for control of brown rot (Monilinia fructicola)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium arsenite at 0.1% and 0.3% was an effective eradicant of Monilinia fructicola in peach peduncles and mummified peach fruit.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Organ / stage
- peach peduncles and mummified peach fruite0
- Treatment
- Sodium arsenitee0
- Interactor
- Monilinia fructicolaMonilinia fructicolat0pathogen
- Outcome
- effective eradicant of M. fructicolae0
- Qualifier
- at 0·1% and 0·3%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium arsenite was an effective eradicant of M. fructicola in peach peduncles and mummified peach fruit at 0·1% and 0·3%”
t0“dormant peach trees for control of brown rot (Monilinia fructicola)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium arsenite was phytotoxic to peach trees at rates as low as 0.01%, whether applied in mid-winter or at early bud-swell.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae0
- Treatment
- Sodium arsenitee0
- Outcome
- phytotoxice0
- Qualifier
- at rates as low as 0·01% whether applied in mid-winter or at early bud-swelle0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium arsenite was an effective eradicant of M. fructicola in peach peduncles and mummified peach fruit at 0·1% and 0·3%, but it was phytotoxic to both peach and apricot trees at rates as low as 0·01% whether applied in mid-winter or at early bud-swell”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium arsenite was phytotoxic to apricot trees at rates as low as 0.01%, whether applied in mid-winter or at early bud-swell.
- Taxon
- apricot
Prunus armeniacae0 - Treatment
- Sodium arsenitee0
- Outcome
- phytotoxice0
- Qualifier
- at rates as low as 0·01% whether applied in mid-winter or at early bud-swelle0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium arsenite was an effective eradicant of M. fructicola in peach peduncles and mummified peach fruit at 0·1% and 0·3%, but it was phytotoxic to both peach and apricot trees at rates as low as 0·01% whether applied in mid-winter or at early bud-swell”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenylmercury chloride (PMC) was an effective eradicant of Monilinia fructicola in dormant peach trees.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- Phenylmercury chloride (PMC)e0
- Interactor
- Monilinia fructicolaMonilinia fructicolat0pathogen
- Outcome
- effective eradicantse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phenylmercury chloride (PMC), mercury acetimide at 0·06% Hg and phenylmercury dimethyldithiocarbamate at 0·015% Hg were effective eradicants”
t0“dormant peach trees for control of brown rot (Monilinia fructicola)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mercury acetimide at 0.06% Hg was an effective eradicant of Monilinia fructicola in dormant peach trees.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- mercury acetimide at 0·06% Hge0
- Interactor
- Monilinia fructicolaMonilinia fructicolat0pathogen
- Outcome
- effective eradicantse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phenylmercury chloride (PMC), mercury acetimide at 0·06% Hg and phenylmercury dimethyldithiocarbamate at 0·015% Hg were effective eradicants”
t0“dormant peach trees for control of brown rot (Monilinia fructicola)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenylmercury dimethyldithiocarbamate at 0.015% Hg was an effective eradicant of Monilinia fructicola in dormant peach trees.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- phenylmercury dimethyldithiocarbamate at 0·015% Hge0
- Interactor
- Monilinia fructicolaMonilinia fructicolat0pathogen
- Outcome
- effective eradicantse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phenylmercury chloride (PMC), mercury acetimide at 0·06% Hg and phenylmercury dimethyldithiocarbamate at 0·015% Hg were effective eradicants”
t0“dormant peach trees for control of brown rot (Monilinia fructicola)”
Claim · model-written summary
At lower rates the mercurials were unsatisfactory as eradicants.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- mercurialse0
- Interactor
- Monilinia fructicolaMonilinia fructicolat0pathogen
- Outcome
- unsatisfactorye0
- Qualifier
- At lower ratese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At lower rates the mercurials were unsatisfactory”
t0“dormant peach trees for control of brown rot (Monilinia fructicola)”
Claim · model-written summary
No phytotoxicity was observed following dormant applications of the mercury compounds.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- dormant applications of the mercury compoundse0
- Outcome
- phytotoxicitye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No phytotoxicity was observed following dormant applications of the mercury compounds”
t0“dormant peach trees for control of brown rot (Monilinia fructicola)”
Claim · model-written summary
Lime-sulphur plus oil was the best of the remaining materials tested.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- Lime-sulphur plus oile0
- Interactor
- Monilinia fructicolaMonilinia fructicolat0pathogen
- Outcome
- beste0
- Direction
- beste0
- Comparator
- the remaining materialse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lime-sulphur plus oil was the best of the remaining materials”
t0“dormant peach trees for control of brown rot (Monilinia fructicola)”
Claim · model-written summary
DNOC performed about as well as lime-sulphur on peach peduncles.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Organ / stage
- pedunclese0
- Treatment
- DNOCe0
- Interactor
- Monilinia fructicolaMonilinia fructicolat0pathogen
- Outcome
- performed about as welle0
- Direction
- about as welle0
- Comparator
- lime-sulphure0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DNOC performed about as well as lime-sulphur on peduncles but failed to suppress sporulation on mummified fruits and was occasionally phytotoxic”
t0“dormant peach trees for control of brown rot (Monilinia fructicola)”
Claim · model-written summary
DNOC failed to suppress sporulation on mummified peach fruits.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Organ / stage
- mummified fruitse0
- Treatment
- DNOCe0
- Interactor
- Monilinia fructicolaMonilinia fructicolat0pathogen
- Outcome
- sporulatione0
- Direction
- failed to suppresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DNOC performed about as well as lime-sulphur on peduncles but failed to suppress sporulation on mummified fruits and was occasionally phytotoxic”
t0“dormant peach trees for control of brown rot (Monilinia fructicola)”
Claim · model-written summary
DNOC was occasionally phytotoxic.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- DNOCe0
- Outcome
- phytotoxice0
- Qualifier
- occasionallye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DNOC performed about as well as lime-sulphur on peduncles but failed to suppress sporulation on mummified fruits and was occasionally phytotoxic”
t0“dormant peach trees for control of brown rot (Monilinia fructicola)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium pentachlorophenate was superior to pentachlorophenyl acetate at the same rate.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- Sodium pentachlorophenatee0
- Interactor
- Monilinia fructicolaMonilinia fructicolat0pathogen
- Outcome
- superiore0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Qualifier
- at the same ratee0
- Comparator
- pentachlorophenyl acetatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium pentachlorophenate was superior to pentachlorophenyl acetate at the same rate”
t0“dormant peach trees for control of brown rot (Monilinia fructicola)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium pentachlorophenate was not phytotoxic in these tests.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- Sodium pentachlorophenatee0
- Outcome
- phytotoxice0
- Qualifier
- in these testse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium pentachlorophenate was superior to pentachlorophenyl acetate at the same rate, and, in contrast with some overseas experience with peaches and apricots, was not phytotoxic in these tests”
t0“dormant peach trees for control of brown rot (Monilinia fructicola)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bordeaux mixture, fentin acetate, N.C.I584, captan, captafol and dichlone were not phytotoxic but did not show significant eradicant or antisporulant action.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- Bordeaux mixture, fentin acetate, N.C.I584, captan, captafol and dichlonee0
- Interactor
- Monilinia fructicolaMonilinia fructicolat0pathogen
- Outcome
- eradicant or antisporulant actione0
- Direction
- did not showe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bordeaux mixture, fentin acetate, N.C.I584, captan, captafol and dichlone, although not phytotoxic, did not show significant eradicant or antisporulant action”
t0“dormant peach trees for control of brown rot (Monilinia fructicola)”
Claim · model-written summary
There was some evidence that phenylmercury chloride (PMC) acted both as an eradicant and as an antisporulant.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- PMCe0
- Interactor
- Monilinia fructicolaMonilinia fructicolat0pathogen
- Outcome
- eradicant and an antisporulante0
- Qualifier
- some evidencee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was some evidence that PMC acted both as an eradicant and an antisporulant”
t0“dormant peach trees for control of brown rot (Monilinia fructicola)”
The same questions in other papers
benomyl · Monilinia fructicola · Prunus persica (peach)Results differ
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →captan · Monilinia fructicola · Prunus persica (peach)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
lime · Monilinia fructicola · Prunus persica (peach)Positive and negative results
1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.