Abstract
In suspension-cultured cells of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), the activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACC-S) rapidly increases in response to fungal elicitors. The effect of inhibitors of protein kinases and protein phosphatases on the regulation of ACC-S was studied. K-252a, an inhibitor of protein kinases, prevented induction of the enzyme by elicitors and promoted its apparent turnover in elicitor-stimulated cells, causing a 50% loss of activity within 4 to 8 min in both the presence and absence of cycloheximide. Calyculin A, an inhibitor of protein phosphatases, caused a rapid increase of ACC-S in the absence of elicitors and an immediate acceleration of the rate of ACC-S increase in elicitor-stimulated cells. In the presence of cycloheximide there was no such increase, indicating that the effect depended on protein synthesis. Cordycepin, an inhibitor of mRNA synthesis, did not prevent the elicitor-induced increase in ACC-S activity but strongly reduced the K-252a-induced decay and the calyculin A-induced increase of its activity. In vitro, ACC-S activity was not affected by K-252a and calyculin A or by treatments with protein phosphatases. These results suggest that protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation is involved in the regulation of ACC-S, not by regulating the catalytic activity itself but by controlling the rate of turnover of the enzyme.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal elicitors rapidly increased ACC-S activity in tomato cells.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- fungal elicitorse0
- Gene
- 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACC-S)e0
- Outcome
- activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACC-S)e0
- Direction
- rapidly increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In suspension-cultured cells of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), the activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACC-S) rapidly increases in response to fungal elicitors.”
Claim · model-written summary
K-252a prevented elicitor induction of ACC-S.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- K-252ae0
- Outcome
- induction of the enzyme by elicitorse0
- Direction
- preventede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K-252a, an inhibitor of protein kinases, prevented induction of the enzyme by elicitors”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
K-252a promoted apparent ACC-S turnover, losing 50% activity in 4 to 8 minutes.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- K-252ae1
- Outcome
- activitye0
- Direction
- losse0
- Value
- 50%e0
- Qualifier
- within 4 to 8 min in both the presence and absence of cycloheximidee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“promoted its apparent turnover in elicitor-stimulated cells, causing a 50% loss of activity within 4 to 8 min in both the presence and absence of cycloheximide”
e1“K-252a, an inhibitor of protein kinases”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Calyculin A rapidly increased ACC-S without elicitors.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Calyculin Ae0
- Outcome
- ACC-Se0
- Direction
- rapid increasee0
- Comparator
- absence of elicitorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Calyculin A, an inhibitor of protein phosphatases, caused a rapid increase of ACC-S in the absence of elicitors”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Calyculin A accelerated ACC-S increase in elicitor-stimulated cells.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Calyculin Ae0
- Outcome
- rate of ACC-S increasee0
- Direction
- immediate acceleratione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Calyculin A, an inhibitor of protein phosphatases, caused a rapid increase of ACC-S in the absence of elicitors and an immediate acceleration of the rate of ACC-S increase in elicitor-stimulated cells.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Cycloheximide prevented the calyculin A associated ACC-S increase.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- cycloheximidee0
- Outcome
- increasee0
- Direction
- no such increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the presence of cycloheximide there was no such increase, indicating that the effect depended on protein synthesis.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Cordycepin did not prevent elicitor-induced ACC-S increase.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Cordycepine0
- Outcome
- elicitor-induced increase in ACC-S activitye0
- Direction
- did not prevente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cordycepin, an inhibitor of mRNA synthesis, did not prevent the elicitor-induced increase in ACC-S activity”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Cordycepin strongly reduced K-252a-induced ACC-S activity decay.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Cordycepine0
- Outcome
- K-252a-induced decaye0
- Direction
- strongly reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cordycepin, an inhibitor of mRNA synthesis, did not prevent the elicitor-induced increase in ACC-S activity but strongly reduced the K-252a-induced decay”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Cordycepin strongly reduced the calyculin A-induced ACC-S increase.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Cordycepine0
- Outcome
- calyculin A-induced increase of its activitye0
- Direction
- strongly reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cordycepin, an inhibitor of mRNA synthesis, did not prevent the elicitor-induced increase in ACC-S activity but strongly reduced the K-252a-induced decay and the calyculin A-induced increase of its activity.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
K-252a did not affect ACC-S activity in vitro.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- K-252ae0
- Outcome
- ACC-S activitye0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In vitro, ACC-S activity was not affected by K-252a and calyculin A or by treatments with protein phosphatases.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Calyculin A did not affect ACC-S activity in vitro.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- calyculin Ae0
- Outcome
- ACC-S activitye0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In vitro, ACC-S activity was not affected by K-252a and calyculin A or by treatments with protein phosphatases.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein phosphatases did not affect ACC-S activity in vitro.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- protein phosphatasese0
- Outcome
- ACC-S activitye0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In vitro, ACC-S activity was not affected by K-252a and calyculin A or by treatments with protein phosphatases.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation may regulate ACC-S turnover rather than catalytic activity.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- rate of turnover of the enzymee0
- Qualifier
- protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation is involved in the regulation of ACC-S, not by regulating the catalytic activity itself but by controlling the rate of turnover of the enzyme.”
t0“Tomato”
The same questions in other papers
K-252a · molecular: expression · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
cordycepin · molecular: metabolites · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- no effect
resistance inducer · molecular: metabolites · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.