Abstract
The new Early Soybean Production System (ESPS), developed in the Midsouth USA, including the Mississippi delta, resulted in higher yield under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions. However, information on the effects of the agricultural practices such as row-type (RT: twin- vs. single-row), row-spacing, (RS), seeding rate (SR), soil-type (ST) on seed nutrition under the ESPS environment in the Mississippi delta is very limited. Our previous research in the Mississippi delta showed these agricultural practices altered seed nutrients in one cultivar only. However, whether these effects on seed nutrients will be exhibited by other soybean cultivars with earlier and later maturities across multiple years are not yet known. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of agricultural practices and cultivar (Cv) differences on seed nutrition in clay and sandy soils under ESPS environment of high heat and drought. Two field experiments were conducted; one experiment was conducted in 2009 and 2010, and the other in 2008, 2009, and 2010 under irrigated conditions. Soybean were grown on 102 cm single-rows and on 25 cm twin-rows with 102 cm centers at seeding rates of 20, 30, 40, and 50 seeds m(-2). Two soybean cultivars (94M80 with earlier maturity; and GP 533 with later maturity) were used. Results showed that increasing seeding rate resulted in increases of protein, sucrose, glucose, raffinose, B, and P concentrations on both single- and twin-rows. However, this increase became either constant or declined at the higher rates (40 and 50 seeds m(-2)). Protein and linolenic acid concentrations were higher in GP 533 than in 94M80 on both row-types, but oil and oleic acid concentrations were in 94M80 than GP 533. Generally, cultivar GP 533 accumulated more seed constituents in seeds than 94M80. In 2010, there were no clear responses of seed nutrients to SR increase in both cultivars, perhaps due to drier year and high heat in 2010. It is concluded that RT and SR can alter seed nutrition under clay and sandy soils, especially under high heat and drought conditions as in the Mississippi delta.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing seeding rate increased seed protein, sucrose and glucose concentrations on both row types.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- increasing seeding ratee0
- Outcome
- protein, sucrose, glucosee0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Qualifier
- both single- and twin-rowse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing seeding rate resulted in increases of protein, sucrose, glucose, raffinose, B, and P concentrations on both single- and twin-rows”
t0“Soybean Seed Nutrition”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing seeding rate increased seed raffinose, B and P concentrations on both row types.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- increasing seeding ratee0
- Outcome
- raffinose, B, and P concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Qualifier
- both single- and twin-rowse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing seeding rate resulted in increases of protein, sucrose, glucose, raffinose, B, and P concentrations on both single- and twin-rows”
t0“Soybean Seed Nutrition”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed-nutrient increases leveled off or declined at seeding rates of 40 and 50 seeds m(-2).
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- this increasee0
- Direction
- either constant or declinede0
- Qualifier
- higher rates (40 and 50 seeds m(-2))e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this increase became either constant or declined at the higher rates (40 and 50 seeds m(-2))”
t0“Soybean Seed Nutrition”
Claim · model-written summary
GP 533 had higher seed protein and linolenic acid than 94M80 on both row types.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- GP 533e0
- Outcome
- Protein and linolenic acid concentrationse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- both row-typese0
- Comparator
- 94M80e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Protein and linolenic acid concentrations were higher in GP 533 than in 94M80 on both row-types”
t0“Soybean Seed Nutrition”
Claim · model-written summary
94M80 had higher oil and oleic acid than GP 533, as the sentence implies.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- 94M80e0
- Outcome
- oil and oleic acid concentrationse0
- Comparator
- GP 533e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but oil and oleic acid concentrations were in 94M80 than GP 533”
t0“Soybean Seed Nutrition”
Claim · model-written summary
GP 533 generally accumulated more seed constituents than 94M80.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Generally, cultivar GP 533 accumulated more seed constituents in seeds than 94M80.”
t0“Soybean Seed Nutrition”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2010 seed nutrients showed no clear response to increased seeding rate in either cultivar.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- SR increasee0
- Outcome
- seed nutrientse0
- Direction
- no clear responsese0
- Qualifier
- In 2010e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 2010, there were no clear responses of seed nutrients to SR increase in both cultivars”
t0“Soybean Seed Nutrition”
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