Abstract
Abstract The growth of apple seedlings ( Malus domestica Brokh.) is negatively correlated with soil arsenic and zero growth occurs at about 450 ppm total arsenic. Soil arsenic concentrations less than 150 ppm, which are frequently found in orchard soils, contribute less to the replant problem than biological factors. Growth of apple trees was increased 50% or more by preplant soil fumigation with methyl bromide or trichloronitromethane (chloropicrin) in 87.5% of the trials in 17 apple orchard soils tested. Non-specific plant pathogens in orchard soils attack cereals as well as apple seedlings, but apple orchard soils also contain an entity that specifically affects apples. This is probably the same unknown entity that is responsible for specific apple replant disease in Europe, Australia, and elsewhere.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Apple seedling growth is negatively correlated with soil arsenic.
- Taxon
- apple seedlings
Malus domesticae0 - Compound
- arsenice0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- negatively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of apple seedlings ( Malus domestica Brokh.) is negatively correlated with soil arsenic and zero growth occurs at about 450 ppm total arsenic”
Claim · model-written summary
Apple seedling growth reaches zero at about 450 ppm total soil arsenic.
- Taxon
- apple seedlingsMalus domesticae0
- Compound
- total arsenice0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- zero growthe0
- Value
- 450 ppme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of apple seedlings ( Malus domestica Brokh.) is negatively correlated with soil arsenic and zero growth occurs at about 450 ppm total arsenic”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil arsenic below 150 ppm contributes less to the apple replant problem than biological factors.
- Taxon
- apple seedlingsMalus domesticae0
- Compound
- arsenice1
- Outcome
- replant probleme1
- Direction
- contribute lesse1
- Value
- 150 ppme1
- Comparator
- biological factorse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of apple seedlings ( Malus domestica Brokh.) is negatively correlated with soil arsenic and zero growth occurs at about 450 ppm total arsenic”
e1“Soil arsenic concentrations less than 150 ppm, which are frequently found in orchard soils, contribute less to the replant problem than biological factors”
Claim · model-written summary
Preplant soil fumigation with methyl bromide or chloropicrin increased apple tree growth by 50% or more in 87.5% of trials in 17 orchard soils.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticae2
- Treatment
- preplant soil fumigation with methyl bromide or trichloronitromethane (chloropicrin)e2
- Outcome
- Growthe2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 50% or moree2
- Qualifier
- in 87.5% of the trials in 17 apple orchard soils testede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Growth of apple trees was increased 50% or more by preplant soil fumigation with methyl bromide or trichloronitromethane (chloropicrin) in 87.5% of the trials in 17 apple orchard soils tested”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-specific plant pathogens in orchard soils attack cereals as well as apple seedlings.
- Taxon
- apple seedlingsMalus domesticae3
- Interactor
- Non-specific plant pathogense3pathogen
- Outcome
- attacke3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Non-specific plant pathogens in orchard soils attack cereals as well as apple seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Apple orchard soils contain an entity that specifically affects apples.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae4
- Interactor
- entitye4other
- Outcome
- affects applese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“apple orchard soils also contain an entity that specifically affects apples”
The same questions in other papers
bromomethane · growth · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
chloropicrin · growth · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →solarization · growth · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.