Abstract
Two storage methods for chipped willows (Salix spp.), cold air ventilation and sealed storage, were tested at laboratory scale. Fresh chips were stored in six insulated containers for 62 days in a store-room. Temperature development during storage was continuously monitored. Dry matter losses and fungal spore counts, in the central part of the containers, were determined. Two 1.7 m3 containers were continuously ventilated with ambient air (mean temperature 2.7° C) at a rate of 175 m3∙h^-1∙t^-1 dry matter. As a control, a third unventilated identical container was used. To test sealed storage, a similar experiment was conducted using two containers of 0.63 m3. A third, unsealed, container served as a control. These three containers were placed in a room where the average temperature during storage was 14.7° C. In the central part of the ventilated containers, the average temperature of the chips was close to ambient temperature (average 4° C) during most of the storage period while the temperature in the unventilated container averaged at 32.4° C and a maximum of 42° C. The dry matter losses were 5.2% and 13.3% by weight in the ventilated and the control containers respectively. The total number of micro fungal spores increased by 3-5 times in the chips stored in the ventilated containers but, in the control, it increased more than 100 times. The temperature in the central part of the sealed containers was close to ambient (14° C), while the maximum temperature of the control was 59.3° C with an average of 28.8° C. Different dry matter losses were measured in the two sealed containers, 2.7% and 6.0%. However, higher loss of dry matter (8.2%) was determined in the control. The fungal growth in the test containers was less intensive than that in the control. The total number of spores was increased by 3-4 folds in the sealed material compared to 60 times in the control.
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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Cold air ventilation gave lower dry matter loss than the control containers
- Treatment
- cold air ventilatione0
- Outcome
- dry matter lossese1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede1
- Value
- 5.2%e1
- Comparator
- control containerse1
- Setting
- laboratory scalee0
SalixOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two storage methods for chipped willows (Salix spp.), cold air ventilation and sealed storage, were tested at laboratory scale”
e1“The dry matter losses were 5.2% and 13.3% by weight in the ventilated and the control containers respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Sealed storage gave lower dry matter loss than the control
- Treatment
- sealed storagee0
- Outcome
- dry matter lossese1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede1
- Value
- 2.7% and 6.0%e1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two storage methods for chipped willows (Salix spp.), cold air ventilation and sealed storage, were tested at laboratory scale”
e1“Different dry matter losses were measured in the two sealed containers, 2.7% and 6.0%”
e2“higher loss of dry matter (8.2%) was determined in the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter loss in the control container was 8.2%
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two storage methods for chipped willows (Salix spp.), cold air ventilation and sealed storage, were tested at laboratory scale”
e2“higher loss of dry matter (8.2%) was determined in the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Micro fungal spores increased 3-5 times in ventilated chips, versus more than 100 times in the control
- Treatment
- chips stored in the ventilated containerse3
- Interactor
- micro fungale3other
- Outcome
- total number of micro fungal sporese3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 3-5 timese3
- Comparator
- in the controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two storage methods for chipped willows (Salix spp.), cold air ventilation and sealed storage, were tested at laboratory scale”
e3“The total number of micro fungal spores increased by 3-5 times in the chips stored in the ventilated containers but, in the control, it increased more than 100 times”
Claim · model-written summary
Micro fungal spores increased 3-4 folds in sealed chips, versus 60 times in the control
- Treatment
- sealed materiale4
- Outcome
- total number of sporese4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 3-4 foldse4
- Comparator
- in the controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two storage methods for chipped willows (Salix spp.), cold air ventilation and sealed storage, were tested at laboratory scale”
e4“The total number of spores was increased by 3-4 folds in the sealed material compared to 60 times in the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal growth was less intensive in the test containers than in the control
- Treatment
- test containerse5
- Outcome
- fungal growthe5
- Direction
- less intensivee5
- Comparator
- that in the controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two storage methods for chipped willows (Salix spp.), cold air ventilation and sealed storage, were tested at laboratory scale”
e5“The fungal growth in the test containers was less intensive than that in the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Average temperature of ventilated chips was close to ambient, about 4° C
- Treatment
- ventilated containerse2
- Outcome
- average temperature of the chipse2
- Value
- 4° Ce2
- Qualifier
- close to ambient temperaturee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two storage methods for chipped willows (Salix spp.), cold air ventilation and sealed storage, were tested at laboratory scale”
e2“In the central part of the ventilated containers, the average temperature of the chips was close to ambient temperature (average 4° C) during most of the storage period while the temperature in the unventilated container averaged at 32.4° C and a maximum of 42° C”
Claim · model-written summary
Temperature in the unventilated container averaged 32.4° C with a maximum of 42° C
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two storage methods for chipped willows (Salix spp.), cold air ventilation and sealed storage, were tested at laboratory scale”
e2“In the central part of the ventilated containers, the average temperature of the chips was close to ambient temperature (average 4° C) during most of the storage period while the temperature in the unventilated container averaged at 32.4° C and a maximum of 42° C”
Claim · model-written summary
Temperature in the central part of the sealed containers was close to ambient, about 14° C
- Treatment
- sealed containerse5
- Outcome
- temperature in the central part of the sealed containerse5
- Value
- 14° Ce5
- Qualifier
- close to ambiente5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two storage methods for chipped willows (Salix spp.), cold air ventilation and sealed storage, were tested at laboratory scale”
e5“The temperature in the central part of the sealed containers was close to ambient (14° C), while the maximum temperature of the control was 59.3° C with an average of 28.8° C”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum temperature of the control container was 59.3° C
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two storage methods for chipped willows (Salix spp.), cold air ventilation and sealed storage, were tested at laboratory scale”
e5“The temperature in the central part of the sealed containers was close to ambient (14° C), while the maximum temperature of the control was 59.3° C with an average of 28.8° C”
Claim · model-written summary
Average temperature of the control container was 28.8° C
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two storage methods for chipped willows (Salix spp.), cold air ventilation and sealed storage, were tested at laboratory scale”
e5“The temperature in the central part of the sealed containers was close to ambient (14° C), while the maximum temperature of the control was 59.3° C with an average of 28.8° C”
The same questions in other papers
cold · growth · Salix (willows)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
storage · growth · Salix (willows)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.