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“yield decrease”

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Taxon: safflower ✕

Taxon groups are the verbatim names found in the abstracts (case-insensitive), not normalised: maize, corn and Zea mays are separate groups here. The Organism view merges them through NCBI Taxonomy.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Lower-third defoliation caused the smallest seed yield decrease relative to control.

Taxon: SafflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
Treatment: lower 1/3 defoliatione0
Outcome: lowest decreasee0
Direction: lowest decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“the lowest decrease was observed in the lower 1/3 defoliation level”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1238–1305

t0
“Safflower”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 119–128

Title

Evaluation of Photosynthetic Roles of Different Canopy Strata and Capitulum on Seed Yield and its Components of Spring Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

Shiva Sadighfard; Bahman Pasban Eslam; Reza Amirnia; et al. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 2022. doi:10.24925/turjaf.v10i8.1382-1389.4944

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect Defoliation did not affect plant height or pod number.
Intervention effect Canopy strata differed significantly in number of seeds per pod.
Intervention effect Canopy strata differed significantly in number of seeds per plant.
Intervention effect Canopy strata differed significantly in 1000 seeds weight.
Intervention effect Canopy strata differed significantly in oil percentage.
Intervention effect Canopy strata differed significantly in oil yield.
Association Genotype and strata treatment interacted significantly for seeds yield.
Association Genotype and strata treatment interacted significantly for harvest index.
Intervention effect Upper-third defoliation caused the largest seed yield decrease relative to control.
Association Mahalli Esfahan had a higher seed yield reduction than Goldasht.
Association Goldasht seed yield changes mainly reflected seed number per plant and per head.
Observation Upper canopy strata had higher net photosynthesis than lower strata.
Observation Upper canopy strata had higher strata leaf area than lower strata.
Observation Upper canopy strata had higher photosynthesis contribution than lower strata.
Intervention effect Removing upper canopy strata had the greatest seed-yield effect through reducing whole-plant photosynthesis.
Intervention effect Covering the capitulum significantly decreased seed yield.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Upper-third defoliation caused the largest seed yield decrease relative to control.

Taxon: SafflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
Treatment: upper 1/3 defoliatione0
Outcome: seed yielde0
Direction: highest decreasee0
Comparator: controle0

Verbatim

e0
“the highest decrease in the seed yield compared to the control were observed in the upper 1/3 defoliation levels”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1116–1228

t0
“Safflower”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 119–128

Title

Evaluation of Photosynthetic Roles of Different Canopy Strata and Capitulum on Seed Yield and its Components of Spring Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

Shiva Sadighfard; Bahman Pasban Eslam; Reza Amirnia; et al. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 2022. doi:10.24925/turjaf.v10i8.1382-1389.4944

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect Defoliation did not affect plant height or pod number.
Intervention effect Canopy strata differed significantly in number of seeds per pod.
Intervention effect Canopy strata differed significantly in number of seeds per plant.
Intervention effect Canopy strata differed significantly in 1000 seeds weight.
Intervention effect Canopy strata differed significantly in oil percentage.
Intervention effect Canopy strata differed significantly in oil yield.
Association Genotype and strata treatment interacted significantly for seeds yield.
Association Genotype and strata treatment interacted significantly for harvest index.
Intervention effect Lower-third defoliation caused the smallest seed yield decrease relative to control.
Association Mahalli Esfahan had a higher seed yield reduction than Goldasht.
Association Goldasht seed yield changes mainly reflected seed number per plant and per head.
Observation Upper canopy strata had higher net photosynthesis than lower strata.
Observation Upper canopy strata had higher strata leaf area than lower strata.
Observation Upper canopy strata had higher photosynthesis contribution than lower strata.
Intervention effect Removing upper canopy strata had the greatest seed-yield effect through reducing whole-plant photosynthesis.
Intervention effect Covering the capitulum significantly decreased seed yield.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Reduced branching and head count explained the lower seed yield per plant.

Taxon: safflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
Outcome: decrease in seed yield per plante0
Qualifier: decrease in the number of heads per plante0

Verbatim

e0
“the decrease in seed yield per plant was caused by the decrease in the number of heads per plant, which resulted from the decrease in the number of branches”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1732–1888

t0
“safflower”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–77

Title

Effects of soil water deficit on seed yield and yield components of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) plants.

Hisayoshi HAYASHI; Kiichi HANADA Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1985. doi:10.1626/jcs.54.346

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Water deficit inhibited main-stem internode elongation and lower-node lateral bud growth.
Intervention effect Water deficit did not affect main-stem leaf and bract counts.
Intervention effect At 40% soil water capacity, uppermost-branch leaf count fell nonsignificantly.
Intervention effect At 40% soil water capacity, uppermost-branch bract count increased.
Intervention effect Water deficit significantly decreased mean and total leaf and bract area.
Intervention effect The 40% water treatment delayed flowering of uppermost branch heads.
Intervention effect Water deficit substantially decreased seeds and seed yield per plant.
Intervention effect Water deficit did not affect floret count, seed ripening percentage, or seed count and dry weight per head.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The yield decrease coincided with lower capitol number and diameter, seed number per capitol and 1000-seed weight.

Taxon: safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse0 t0 e1
Organ / stage: capitole0 t0 e1
Outcome: yielde0 t0 e1
Direction: decreasee0 t0 e1

Verbatim

e0
“The decrease in yield occurred with a decrease in the capitol number and diameter, seed number per capitol, and 1000-seed weight”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1046–1174

t0
“Application Methods of Zinc Sulphate Increased Safflower Seed Yield and Quality under End-Season Drought Stress”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–111

e1
“The effect of different methods of zinc application on the growth, yield, and quality of safflower seeds under regular irrigation and interruption of irrigation from flowering to harvest (82 and 80 DAS in the first and second years, respectively) was evaluated.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 216–477

Title

Application Methods of Zinc Sulphate Increased Safflower Seed Yield and Quality under End-Season Drought Stress

Reza Ahmadi; Mohammad Mahmoudi; Farid Shekari; et al. Horticulturae 2024. doi:10.3390/horticulturae10090963

Other claims from this paper (19)

Intervention effect End-season drought lowered chlorophyll index, leaf area index and relative water content.
Intervention effect End-season drought lowered plant height and yield components.
Intervention effect End-season drought lowered biological yield, seed yield and harvest index.
Intervention effect End-season drought lowered seed oil content, oil harvest index and seed element content.
Observation Drought damage was more severe in the second year than the first.
Intervention effect Zinc sulfate increased studied traits in both years and irrigation conditions.
Intervention effect Zinc sulfate improved yield and seed nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents.
Intervention effect Zinc sulfate improved seed zinc and iron content.
Association Increasing zinc sulfate concentration lowered seed phosphorus content with both application methods.
Intervention effect Seed phosphorus content remained above the no-zinc treatment.
Intervention effect Zinc increased biological, seed and oil yield.
Observation Seed and oil yield responded more strongly to zinc than biological yield.
Intervention effect Zinc increased seed and oil harvest index.
Intervention effect Higher zinc sulfate concentrations improved performance under regular irrigation.
Observation Medium and lower zinc sulfate concentrations worked better under stress.
Intervention effect Flowering-stage spray at 5 g L−1 under normal irrigation gave the highest 1000-seed weight.
Intervention effect Flowering-stage spray at 5 g L−1 under normal irrigation gave the highest potassium and zinc content.
Intervention effect Foliar zinc sulfate spray improved seed yield more than soil application.
Observation Soil zinc sulfate application affected biological yield more than seed yield.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Water stress decreased safflower herb yield.

Taxon: safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse0
Treatment: Water stresse0
Outcome: yielde0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Water stress caused of decrease yield in safflower herb”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 848–903

t0
“Safflower”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 114–123

Title

Evaluation of Water Deficit and Cycocel Spraying on Yield Element and Morphological Characterizes of two Cultivar Safflower

Mandana Partovian; Jafar Masoud Sinaki; Babak Pasari 2013

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Without stress, safflower had 24.4 bolls versus 16.72 when irrigation stopped at flowering.
Intervention effect Cycocel spraying increased safflower seed number to 29.5372.
Intervention effect Cycocel spraying increased lateral branches to 11.6561.
Observation Seed weight was greatest without water stress at 32.399 Kg.
Observation Padideh was described as more water-deficit tolerant than Esfehan local safflower.
Recommendation The authors recommend cultivating Padideh under Damghan climate conditions.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Highest drought reduced seed yield 71.40%.

Taxon: safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse1
Treatment: droughte0
Outcome: seed yielde2
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 71.40%e0
Comparator: control treatment (without drought and salinity stress)e0

Verbatim

e0
“highest level of each of drought (71.40% decrease) and salinity (55.56% decrease) stresses as compared to control treatment (without drought and salinity stress)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1185–1346

e1
“response of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) to salinity, drought and combined salinity- drought stresses”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 45–153

e2
“The highest level of combined salinity-drought stress decreased seed yield (87.13% decrease) more than the highest level of each of drought (71.40% decrease) and salinity (55.56% decrease) stresses as compared to control treatment (without drought and salinity stress)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1078–1346

Title

Evaluation of Yield, Yield Components and Photosynthesis of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) in Response to Combined Salinity and Drought Stresses at Vegetative Growth Stage

Marziyeh Esmaeilzadeh; Hosein Babazadeh; Hormozd Naghavi; et al. DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) 2021. doi:10.30495/jcep.2021.681008

Other claims from this paper (7)

Observation Most safflower traits declined significantly as salinity and drought increased.
Observation Severe drought and salinity gave the lowest trait values.
Observation Seed oil content fell 7.4% at highest salinity, significantly.
Observation Combined highest salinity and drought reduced seed yield 87.13%.
Observation Highest salinity reduced seed yield 55.56%.
Observation Drought contributed more than salinity to seed yield reduction.
Recommendation Authors recommend 80% field capacity irrigation and 5 dS/m water salinity to limit seed yield loss.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Highest salinity reduced seed yield 55.56%.

Taxon: safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse1
Treatment: salinitye0
Outcome: seed yielde2
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 55.56%e0
Comparator: control treatment (without drought and salinity stress)e0

Verbatim

e0
“highest level of each of drought (71.40% decrease) and salinity (55.56% decrease) stresses as compared to control treatment (without drought and salinity stress)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1185–1346

e1
“response of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) to salinity, drought and combined salinity- drought stresses”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 45–153

e2
“The highest level of combined salinity-drought stress decreased seed yield (87.13% decrease) more than the highest level of each of drought (71.40% decrease) and salinity (55.56% decrease) stresses as compared to control treatment (without drought and salinity stress)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1078–1346

Title

Evaluation of Yield, Yield Components and Photosynthesis of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) in Response to Combined Salinity and Drought Stresses at Vegetative Growth Stage

Marziyeh Esmaeilzadeh; Hosein Babazadeh; Hormozd Naghavi; et al. DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) 2021. doi:10.30495/jcep.2021.681008

Other claims from this paper (7)

Observation Most safflower traits declined significantly as salinity and drought increased.
Observation Severe drought and salinity gave the lowest trait values.
Observation Seed oil content fell 7.4% at highest salinity, significantly.
Observation Combined highest salinity and drought reduced seed yield 87.13%.
Observation Highest drought reduced seed yield 71.40%.
Observation Drought contributed more than salinity to seed yield reduction.
Recommendation Authors recommend 80% field capacity irrigation and 5 dS/m water salinity to limit seed yield loss.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Delayed sowing beyond mid October decreased safflower seed yield.

Taxon: safflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
Treatment: Delayed sowing beyond first fortnight of Octobere0
Outcome: seed yielde0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Delayed sowing beyond first fortnight of October resulted in a decrease in both flower and seed yield.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 375–477

t0
“safflower”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 32–41

Title

Maximization of flower yield in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

VRIJENDRA SINGH; N M KOLEKAR; N NIMBKAR Journal of Oilseeds Research 2013. doi:10.56739/jor.v30i1.142756

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Delayed sowing beyond mid October decreased safflower flower yield.
Intervention effect Applying 150% fertilizer dose gave safflower flower yield of 199 kg/ha, 26.85% above control.
Intervention effect Applying 150% fertilizer dose gave safflower seed yield of 2014 kg/ha, 28.89% above control.
Intervention effect Fertilizer above 100% recommended dose gave no net-return advantage.
Intervention effect Spacing of 45 cm x 10 cm significantly increased safflower flower and seed yield over 45 cm x 20 cm.
Recommendation The authors recommend early October sowing with the specified fertilizer and spacing combinations to maximize safflower yields.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Covering the capitulum significantly decreased seed yield.

Taxon: SafflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
Treatment: covering the capitulume0
Outcome: seed yielde0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“covering the capitulum caused a significant decrease in the seed yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1803–1873

t0
“Safflower”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 119–128

Title

Evaluation of Photosynthetic Roles of Different Canopy Strata and Capitulum on Seed Yield and its Components of Spring Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

Shiva Sadighfard; Bahman Pasban Eslam; Reza Amirnia; et al. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 2022. doi:10.24925/turjaf.v10i8.1382-1389.4944

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect Defoliation did not affect plant height or pod number.
Intervention effect Canopy strata differed significantly in number of seeds per pod.
Intervention effect Canopy strata differed significantly in number of seeds per plant.
Intervention effect Canopy strata differed significantly in 1000 seeds weight.
Intervention effect Canopy strata differed significantly in oil percentage.
Intervention effect Canopy strata differed significantly in oil yield.
Association Genotype and strata treatment interacted significantly for seeds yield.
Association Genotype and strata treatment interacted significantly for harvest index.
Intervention effect Upper-third defoliation caused the largest seed yield decrease relative to control.
Intervention effect Lower-third defoliation caused the smallest seed yield decrease relative to control.
Association Mahalli Esfahan had a higher seed yield reduction than Goldasht.
Association Goldasht seed yield changes mainly reflected seed number per plant and per head.
Observation Upper canopy strata had higher net photosynthesis than lower strata.
Observation Upper canopy strata had higher strata leaf area than lower strata.
Observation Upper canopy strata had higher photosynthesis contribution than lower strata.
Intervention effect Removing upper canopy strata had the greatest seed-yield effect through reducing whole-plant photosynthesis.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Delayed sowing beyond mid October decreased safflower flower yield.

Taxon: safflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
Treatment: Delayed sowing beyond first fortnight of Octobere0
Outcome: flowere0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Delayed sowing beyond first fortnight of October resulted in a decrease in both flower and seed yield.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 375–477

t0
“safflower”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 32–41

Title

Maximization of flower yield in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

VRIJENDRA SINGH; N M KOLEKAR; N NIMBKAR Journal of Oilseeds Research 2013. doi:10.56739/jor.v30i1.142756

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Delayed sowing beyond mid October decreased safflower seed yield.
Intervention effect Applying 150% fertilizer dose gave safflower flower yield of 199 kg/ha, 26.85% above control.
Intervention effect Applying 150% fertilizer dose gave safflower seed yield of 2014 kg/ha, 28.89% above control.
Intervention effect Fertilizer above 100% recommended dose gave no net-return advantage.
Intervention effect Spacing of 45 cm x 10 cm significantly increased safflower flower and seed yield over 45 cm x 20 cm.
Recommendation The authors recommend early October sowing with the specified fertilizer and spacing combinations to maximize safflower yields.

Lexical search (BM25). All words must match; if nothing does, any word. Organism names also match every spelling of the same organism. No semantic search yet.

“yield decrease”

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