Search claims · PlantClaims

Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Protein content showed no discernible pattern of increase or decrease with sowing date.

Taxon: Carthamus tinctoriusCarthamus tinctoriuse0
Treatment: sowing datese6
Outcome: protein contente5

Verbatim

e0
“Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–35

e5
“The Asol cultivar exhibited the highest protein content”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 942–997

e6
“no discernible pattern of increase or decrease was observed with respect to sowing dates”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1008–1096

Title

Agronomic and Quality Parameters and Yield Interactions of Various Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Cultivars at Different Sowing Dates

Mehmet Necat İZGİ Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi 2023. doi:10.19159/tutad.1288786

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Early sowing enhanced safflower seed production compared with later sowing in Mardin Province.
Intervention effect Delayed sowing significantly decreased safflower yield by 30% on average compared with early sowing.
Observation The first sowing date of cultivar Remzibey-05 gave the highest seed yield, 4118 kg ha-1.
Observation The second sowing date of cultivar Remzibey-05 gave the highest oil yield, 1197 kg ha-1.
Observation Cultivar Asol had the highest protein content among the safflower cultivars.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Diversified crop rotation without chemical protection did not decrease weed species diversity or functional diversity relative to continuous rye cropping.

Taxon: ryeSecale cerealee1
Treatment: Diversified crop rotation with no chemical protectione1
Interactor: weede3weed
Outcome: weed species diversity or functional diversitye3
Direction: without a decreasee3
Comparator: continuous rye cropping (CC)e2

Verbatim

e1
“Diversified crop rotation with no chemical protection resulted in a satisfactory rye yield and reduced weed abundance”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 703–820

e2
“Long-term continuous rye cropping (CC) provided a background for comparison”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 424–499

e3
“without a decrease in weed species diversity or functional diversity”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 848–916

Title

Crop Rotation Compared with Continuous Rye Cropping for Weed Biodiversity and Rye Yield. A Case Study of a Long-Term Experiment in Poland

Magdalena Jastrzębska; Marta K. Kostrzewska; Marek Marks; et al. Agronomy 2019. doi:10.3390/agronomy9100644

Other claims from this paper (6)

Observation Diversified crop rotation without chemical protection gave a satisfactory rye yield.
Intervention effect Diversified crop rotation without chemical protection reduced weed abundance relative to continuous rye cropping.
Association Herbicide application had no effect on rye yield protection when rye was grown under crop rotation.
Association Herbicide application was harmful to weed biodiversity under crop rotation of rye.
Association Rye yield correlated negatively with weed biomass.
Association Rye yield showed no link with weed biodiversity.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Two adult aphids per head did not significantly reduce wheat yield.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: two adult aphids per heade0
Interactor: Sitobion avenae (F.)Sitobion avenaet1pest
Outcome: yielde0
Direction: no significant decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“there was no significant decrease in yield at a density of two adult aphids per head”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1083–1167

t0
“Wheat Plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 96–108

t1
“Sitobion avenae (F.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 35–55

Title

Impact of the English Grain Aphid, Sitobion avenae (F.) (Homoptera: Aphididae), on the Yield of Wheat Plants Subjected to Water Deficits

A. Fereres; C. Gutierrez; P. Del Estal; et al. Environmental Entomology 1988. doi:10.1093/ee/17.3.596

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Water deficits appeared to reduce aphid reproductive rates, without a significant difference.
Intervention effect Water stress was the largest significant factor reducing wheat growth and yield.
Intervention effect Water stress reduced wheat leaf stomatal conductance.
Intervention effect Six adult aphids per head reduced most wheat yield components under nonstress conditions.
Observation Treatments did not differ significantly under moderate water stress.
Intervention effect Six aphids per head reduced kernel weight by up to 39.3% under severe water stress relative to noninfested plants.
Association Aphid-associated yield reduction was significantly greater under severe water stress than nonstress conditions.
Recommendation The authors suggest considering plant water status when setting the economic injury level for S. avenae in winter wheat.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Shelters did not significantly decrease leaf photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance or transpiration.

Taxon: rabbiteye blueberrye0
Organ / stage: leavese0
Treatment: rain shelter conditionse0
Outcome: net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), and transpiration rate (E)e0
Direction: did not significantly decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“rain shelter conditions did not significantly decrease the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), and transpiration rate (E) of the rabbiteye blueberry leaves.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 857–1034

Title

Effect of Rain-Shelter Cultivation on Yield and Fruit Quality of Container-Grown Rabbiteye Blueberry in Central-Eastern China

Jiguang Wei; Jiafeng Jiang; Liangliang Tian; et al. Plants 2025. doi:10.3390/plants14081167

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Rain shelters did not significantly change air temperature or relative humidity.
Intervention effect Rain shelters significantly reduced photosynthetically active and UV radiation at the canopy.
Intervention effect Shelters did not significantly affect fruit yield or berry weight.
Intervention effect Shelters produced no significant differences in soluble solids, acidity and flavonoids.
Intervention effect Shelters significantly decreased total polyphenols in low rainfall years.
Intervention effect Shelters significantly decreased anthocyanins in low rainfall years.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Six annual applications of zinc up to 11.1 kg per hectare did not decrease soybean growth or seed yield.

Taxon: soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment: 11.1 kg Zn/hae0
Outcome: soybean plant growth nor seed yielde0
Direction: Neithere0
Value: 11.1 kg Zn/hae0
Qualifier: annually for 6 yearse0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Neither soybean plant growth nor seed yield was decreased where as high as 3.3 kg B, 8.4 kg Cu, and 11.1 kg Zn/ha were applied to the soils annually for 6 years”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 675–835

Title

Response of Soybeans Following Six Annual Applications of Various Levels of Boron, Copper, and Zinc¹

D. C. Martens; M. T. Carter; G. D. Jones Agronomy Journal 1974. doi:10.2134/agronj1974.00021962006600010023x

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

This irrigation schedule did not significantly decrease fiber linear density.

Taxon: kenafHibiscus cannabinust0
Treatment: Middle irrigation in seedling stage, high irrigation in vigorous growth stage and squaring and fruit stagee0
Outcome: fiber linear densitye0
Direction: did not decrease significantlye0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The results showed that:(1) In low fertilization, fiber yield, fiber length and width reached the maximums, and fiber strength and fiber line density had no significant reduction.(2) All NK fertilizer as base fertilization was beneficial to improve the fiber yield and linear density, while fiber strength did not reduce significantly.(3) Middle irrigation in seedling stage, high irrigation in vigorous growth stage and…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 287–870

t0
“kenaf”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 81–86

Title

Effects of irrigation and fertilization management on fiber yield and quality of kenaf

Wang Dao-b Guangdong nongye kexue 2014

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Low fertilization maximized fiber yield, length, and width.
Intervention effect Low fertilization did not significantly reduce fiber strength or line density.
Intervention effect Applying all NK fertilizer as base fertilizer improved fiber yield and linear density.
Intervention effect Applying all NK fertilizer as base fertilizer did not significantly reduce fiber strength.
Intervention effect Middle seedling irrigation followed by high irrigation gave higher fiber yield, strength and length than other treatments.

Intervention effectauthor interpretationoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Reduced tillage with chopped straw did not significantly lower maize grain yield.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Treatment: reduced tillage systems in combination with chopped strawe0
Outcome: maize grain yielde0
Direction: without any significant decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“the reduced tillage systems in combination with chopped straw can be applied on the studied soils without any significant decrease in maize grain yield.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1297–1449

Title

Maize response to different straw management and tillage systems under cereal crop rotation

J. Pabin; Jerzy Lipiec; S. Włodek; et al. International Agrophysics 2006

Other claims from this paper (1)

Intervention effect Retained straw tended to worsen maize emergence relative to removed straw under no tillage versus conventional tillage.

Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The decrease in arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization was not correlated with biomass or phosphorus content in maize.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Organ / stage: axial rootse0
Interactor: arbuscular mycorrhizale0symbiont
Outcome: biomass or phosphorus contente1

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

t0
“in maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 95–103

e0
“plants had up to 55% less arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in axial roots”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 865–941

e1
“this decrease was not correlated with biomass or phosphorus content”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 947–1014

Title

Reduced root cortical burden improves growth and grain yield under low phosphorus availability in maize

Tania Galindo‐Castañeda; Kathleen M. Brown; Jonathan P. Lynch Plant Cell & Environment 2018. doi:10.1111/pce.13197

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Cd did not significantly lower leaf yield.

Taxon: tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
Treatment: Increasing doses of Cde0
Outcome: leaf yielde0
Direction: did not significantly decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Increasing doses of Cd did not significantly decrease leaf yield of tobacco cultivars”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 520–605

t0
“Tobacco”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 83–90

e1
“four soil Cd concentrations (0, 5, 10, and 20 mg kg−1) on leaf Cd, zinc (Zn), and nitrogen (N) concentrations”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 254–363

Title

Effects of Cadmium Toxicity on Chemical Contents and Leaf Yield of Three Sun-Cured Tobacco Varieties

Halil Erdem; Ahmet Kinay; Erdem Karakoç Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 2023. doi:10.1080/00103624.2023.2254835

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Cd increased leaf Cd concentration.
Intervention effect Cd decreased leaf Zn concentration.
Observation Birlik 124 had the highest leaf Cd concentration at 60.5 mg kg−1.
Observation Canik 190/5 had the lowest leaf Cd concentration at 55.35 mg kg−1.
Intervention effect At Cd20, Xanthi 81 nicotine concentration increased against control.
Intervention effect At Cd20, Birlik 124 nicotine concentration increased against control.
Intervention effect At Cd20, Canik 190/5 nicotine concentration decreased.
Observation All three varieties accumulated Cd in leaves at high soil Cd.
Observation Cd effects on N uptake, nicotine, sugar, and phenolics differed among varieties.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Super-optimal CO2 did not decrease the number of wheat heads per square metre

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume0
Treatment: Super-optimal CO2e4
Outcome: number of heads per square metere4
Direction: did not decreasee4

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“We studied the effects of near-optimal (approximately 1200 micromoles mol-1) and super-optimal CO2 levels (2400 micromoles mol-1) on yield of two cultivars of hydroponically grown wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in 12 trials in growth chambers”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 452–692

e4
“Super-optimal CO2 did not decrease the number of heads per square meter, but reduced seeds per head by 10% and mass per seed by 11%”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1084–1215

Title

Super‐Optimal CO² Reduces Seed Yield But Not Vegetative Growth in Wheat

Timothy P. Grotenhuis; Bruce Bugbee Crop Science 1997. doi:10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183x003700040031x

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Increasing CO2 from sub-optimal to near-optimal increased wheat vegetative growth by 25%
Intervention effect Increasing CO2 from sub-optimal to near-optimal increased wheat seed yield by 15% in both cultivars
Intervention effect Further elevation of CO2 to 2500 micromoles mol-1 reduced seed yield of wheat cv. Veery-10 by 22% relative to near-optimal CO2
Intervention effect Further elevation of CO2 to 2500 micromoles mol-1 reduced seed yield of wheat cv. USU-Apogee by 15% relative to near-optimal CO2
Intervention effect Super-optimal CO2 reduced seeds per wheat head by 10%
Intervention effect Super-optimal CO2 reduced wheat mass per seed by 11%
Observation The toxic effect of CO2 on wheat was similar across light levels from half to full sunlight
Observation Super-optimal CO2 during the interval from 2 weeks before to after anthesis mimicked the effect of constant super-optimal CO2 in wheat
Observation Near-optimal CO2 during the same interval mimicked the effect of constant near-optimal CO2 in wheat
Observation CO2 did not affect nutrient concentration of wheat leaves and heads
Mechanism Super-optimal CO2 appears to inhibit a process near seed set, decreasing seed set, seed mass and yield of wheat

“yield decrease”

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