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“yield decrease”

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plus 2 earlier · 1930s

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Later thinning decreased earliness percentage, open boll number and boll weight.

Taxon: cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
Treatment: Delaying thinning datee1
Outcome: earliness percentage, number of open bolls / plant, boll weighte0
Direction: decreaseinferrede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“earliness percentage, number of open bolls / plant, boll weight, lint % and seed cotton yield per plant and feddan”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2246–2360

t0
“EFFECT OF FIRST IRRIGATION AND THINNING DATE ON COTTON PRODUCTIVITY”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–67

e1
“Delaying thinning date”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1937–1959

Title

EFFECT OF FIRST IRRIGATION AND THINNING DATE ON COTTON PRODUCTIVITY

S. Ali, Journal of Plant Production 2002. doi:10.21608/jpp.2002.247822

Other claims from this paper (18)

Intervention effect Delaying first irrigation significantly decreased cotton plant height, main-stem internode count and leaf area.
Intervention effect Delaying first irrigation significantly decreased sympodia per cotton plant.
Intervention effect Delaying first irrigation nonsignificantly decreased monopodia per plant and internode length.
Intervention effect Delaying first irrigation significantly delayed maturity.
Intervention effect Delaying first irrigation delayed first sympodium formation, first flower appearance and first boll cracking.
Intervention effect Delaying first irrigation reduced earliness percentage, open boll count and boll weight.
Intervention effect Delaying first irrigation reduced lint percentage, seed index and seed cotton yield.
Intervention effect First irrigation at four weeks after sowing gave the best result and heaviest bolls.
Intervention effect First irrigation at seven weeks reduced seed cotton yield per feddan by 20% relative to four weeks.
Intervention effect First irrigation at three weeks reduced seed cotton yield per feddan by 5.4% relative to four weeks.
Intervention effect Thinning at the second true leaf gave the best result in both seasons.
Intervention effect Later thinning significantly increased height, internode length and first-sympodium position.
Intervention effect Later thinning significantly increased days to first flower and first boll cracking.
Intervention effect Later thinning decreased main-stem internode count and monopodia and sympodia per plant.
Intervention effect Later thinning decreased lint percentage and seed cotton yield per plant and feddan.
Intervention effect Thinning at the sixth true leaf reduced seed cotton yield by 21%.
Intervention effect Thinning at the two cotyledons reduced seed cotton yield by 6.6%.
Intervention effect First irrigation at seven weeks combined with thinning at the sixth true leaf reduced seed cotton yield about 41% compared with irrigation at four weeks and thinning at the second true leaf.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Subsurface drip irrigation lowered GHG intensity by 29.41–31.58 % relative to surface drip irrigation

Taxon: appleMalus domesticat0
Treatment: SDIe3
Outcome: GHGIe6
Direction: lowere6
Value: 29.41–31.58 %e6
Comparator: DI treatmente3

Verbatim

t0
“improved root growth and yield in apple in semi-arid region”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 65–124

e3
“in comparison to DI treatment, SDI could decrease the cumulative CO 2 emission flux by 5.34–6.53 %”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1011–1109

e6
“considerably ( p < 0.05) lower GHGI by 29.41–31.58 %”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1239–1291

Title

Subsurface drip irrigation mitigated greenhouse gas emission and improved root growth and yield in apple in semi-arid region

Jiabin Liu; Xiaodong Gao; Juanjuan Song; et al. Agricultural Water Management 2025. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109290

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Subsurface drip irrigation increased apple yield by 29.37–37.97 % relative to surface drip irrigation
Intervention effect Subsurface drip irrigation increased root length density in the 20–40 cm soil layer by 70.0 %
Intervention effect Subsurface drip irrigation decreased cumulative CO2 emission flux by 5.34–6.53 % relative to surface drip irrigation
Intervention effect Subsurface drip irrigation decreased cumulative N2O emission flux by 14.41–18.51 % relative to surface drip irrigation
Intervention effect Subsurface drip irrigation enhanced cumulative CH4 absorption flux by 14.82–26.51 % relative to surface drip irrigation
Association Soil moisture is positively associated with GHG emissions, most strongly in the surface soil layer
Association Increased soil moisture at 40–80 cm depth inhibits apple root length density

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing Conocarpus residues increased plant NPK uptake.

Taxon: OnionAllium cepat0
Treatment: increasing levels of Conocarpus residues additione0
Outcome: NPK absorbed by the plante0
Direction: increasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“a significant increase in soil organic matter content, dry weight, bulb weight, total yield, and NPK absorbed by the plant as well as a significant decrease in electrical conductivity value and soil reaction degree (pH) coincides with increasing levels of Conocarpus residues addition”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 877–1161

t0
“Onion”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 113–118

Title

Role of Conocarpus Lancifolius Residues on Some Soil Chemical Properties, NPK Concentration, Growth and Yield of Onion Under Different Water Salinity Levels

Hussam Y. Khodier; Kamal H. Al-Dulaimi; Bassam R. Sarheed IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science 2025. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1487/1/012074

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Increasing Conocarpus residues increased soil organic matter.
Intervention effect Increasing Conocarpus residues increased onion dry weight, bulb weight and total yield.
Intervention effect Increasing Conocarpus residues decreased soil electrical conductivity and pH.
Intervention effect Increasing irrigation salinity decreased soil pH and organic matter.
Intervention effect Increasing irrigation salinity decreased onion dry weight, bulb weight and total yield.
Intervention effect Increasing irrigation salinity decreased onion NPK uptake.
Intervention effect Measured characteristics were lower at 30-15 cm than 0-15 cm.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing Thrips tabaci population decreased root size in cotton

Taxon: cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
Treatment: increasing population levele2
Interactor: Thrips tabaciThrips tabacit0pest
Outcome: root sizee5
Direction: decreasee2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“Effect of population levels of Thrips tabaci on different plant characters in cotton”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–84

e2
“All the plant characters tended to decrease with increasing population level except the number of damaged leaves, which kept on increasing with increasing population level”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 674–845

e5
“Observations recorded to estimate the nature and extent of losses were number of leaves per plant, number of damaged leaves per plant, leaf size, internodal length, plant height, number of sympods, number of monopods, number of squares, number of flowers, number of bolls, number of pickable bolls, seed cotton yield and root size”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 342–672

Title

Effect of population levels of Thrips tabaci on different plant characters in cotton

Ramandeep Kaur; J. S. Kular; Ravinder Singh Chandi Indian journal of plant protection 2014

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Increasing Thrips tabaci population increased the number of damaged leaves per plant in cotton
Intervention effect Increasing Thrips tabaci population decreased number of leaves per plant in cotton
Intervention effect Increasing Thrips tabaci population decreased leaf size, internodal length in cotton
Intervention effect Increasing Thrips tabaci population decreased plant height, number of sympods in cotton
Intervention effect Increasing Thrips tabaci population decreased number of squares, number of flowers, number of bolls in cotton
Intervention effect Increasing Thrips tabaci population decreased number of pickable bolls, seed cotton yield in cotton
Intervention effect Different Thrips tabaci population levels had no significant effect on the number of monopods in cotton
Intervention effect Thrips tabaci at 50 to 300 thrips per plant caused yield losses of 2.4 to 11.9 per cent in cotton

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Moskovsky parnikovy yield significantly increased.

Taxon: lettuceLactuca sativat0
Material: Moskovsky parnikovye0
Treatment: seed space storagee1
Outcome: yielde0
Direction: increasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Significant yield increase was recorded for the cv. Moskovsky parnikovy”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 785–856

e1
“Improvement of photosynthetic pigment accumulation due to seed space storage was recorded for the cv. Moskovsky parnikovy”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 952–1073

e2
“only the cvs. Retrovich, Synthesis, Moskovsky parnikovy and Picnik retained seed viability”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 693–783

e3
“the latter cultivar differed from the other cvs. due to the significantly higher proline level and lower MDA levels in leaves”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1093–1218

e4
“space stress did not cause any significant decrease in antioxidant accumulation of plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1227–1316

t0
“lettuce Lactuca sativa L.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–81

Title

Peculiarities of biochemical and mineral composition of lettuce Lactuca sativa L. grown from seeds after long-term storage in the International Space Station

V. A. Kharchenko; N. А. Golubkina; L. N. Skrypnik; et al. VEGETABLE CROPS OF RUSSIA 2024. doi:10.18619/2072-9146-2024-2-37-42

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observation Only four named cultivars retained seed viability after storage.
Intervention effect Petrovich, Synthesis and Picnic tended toward lower yield.
Intervention effect Seed space storage improved photosynthetic pigment accumulation in Moskovsky parnikovy.
Observation Moskovsky parnikovy leaves had higher proline than other cultivars.
Observation Moskovsky parnikovy leaves had lower MDA than other cultivars.
Intervention effect Space stress caused no significant decrease in antioxidant accumulation.
Intervention effect V, Se, Fe and Cr concentrations were higher than in controls.
Association Ca, Sr, Cd, Cp, Mg, Mo and Pb were positively correlated.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Zinc at 7.5 mg.l -1 increased seed yield per plant, total seed yield in sunflower.

Taxon: sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
Treatment: zinc sprayed on the plant leaves with concentration 7.5 mg.l -1e0
Outcome: seed yield per plant, total seed yielde0
Direction: increasee0

Not reportedComparatorValue

Verbatim

e0
“The addition of zinc sprayed on the plant leaves with concentration 7.5 mg.l -1 led to an significant increase in characteristics: plant height, leaf area, number of seeds.head - , weight of thousand seed, seed yield per plant, total seed yield, seed oil content, seed protein content and oil yield, protein yield, while increasing concentration of zinc to 15 mg.l -1 cause a significant decrease in all investigated cha…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 830–1290

t0
“Effect of Different Levels and Timing of Zinc Foliar Application on Growth, Yield and Quality of Sunflower Genotypes (Helianthus annuus L., Compositae”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–150

Title

Effect of Different Levels and Timing of Zinc Foliar Application on Growth, Yield and Quality of Sunflower Genotypes (Helianthus annuus L., Compositae

Saad A. M. Al-Doori Maǧallaẗ abḥāṯ kulliyyaẗ al-tarbiyaẗ al-asāsiyyaẗ/Mağallaẗ abḥāṯ kulliyyaẗ al-tarbiyaẗ al-asāsiyyaẗ 2014. doi:10.33899/berj.2014.vol13.iss1.39527

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Zinc at 7.5 mg.l -1 increased plant height, leaf area in sunflower.
Intervention effect Zinc at 7.5 mg.l -1 increased number of seeds.head - , weight of thousand seed in sunflower.
Intervention effect Zinc at 7.5 mg.l -1 increased seed oil content, seed protein content in sunflower.
Intervention effect Zinc at 7.5 mg.l -1 increased oil yield, protein yield in sunflower.
Intervention effect Zinc at 15 mg.l -1 decreased all investigated sunflower characteristics.
Observation Fodak had high mean plant height, stem diameter, leaf area.
Observation Fodak had high mean number of seeds.head - , seed yield per plant, total seed yield.
Observation Fodak had high mean seed oil content, seed protein content.
Observation Fodak had high mean oil yield and protein yield.
Intervention effect Foliar zinc at flowering increased all investigated sunflower characteristics.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Shading significantly increased leaf macro nutrient contents (N, P, K).

Taxon: TOMATOSolanum lycopersicumt0
Organ / stage: leafe1
Treatment: shadinge0
Outcome: leaf contents of macro nutrientse1
Direction: increasinge1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“YIELD OF TOMATO”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 159–174

e0
“shading resulted in the decrease of daytime temperature by 5.7˚C”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 523–587

e1
“a significant increasing was found in leaf contents of macro nutrients (Nitrogen, Phosphorous, and Potassium), and micro nutrients (Iron, Zinc and Boron), except the Iron content in 2018 growing season”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 625–826

Title

INFLUENCE OF GREENHOUSE SHADING AND DIFFERENT NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ALLEVIATING HEAT STRESS, IMPROVING PLANT NUTRIENTS STATUS, FLOWERING GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO

Sulaiman & Sadiq IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2020. doi:10.36103/ijas.v51i4.1079

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Shading decreased daytime temperature by 5.7˚C.
Intervention effect Shading increased leaf micro nutrient contents (Iron, Zinc and Boron), except iron in 2018.
Intervention effect Shading significantly improved reproductive growth and tomato yield.
Intervention effect Integrated nutrient management (organic substances, AMF inoculum and 50% of the recommended fertilizer dose) increased nutrient content, reproductive characteristics and plant yield.
Intervention effect Combined shading and INM showed positive effects on plant nutrient status, tomato flowering growth and fruit yield.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Delaying the initial cut significantly increased total IVDMD yield until flowering.

Taxon: timothy, tall fescue, reed canarygrass and Kentucky bluegrasse0
Treatment: delaying the initial cute3
Outcome: total IVDMD yielde3
Direction: significant increasese3
Qualifier: until floweringe3

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) values ranged from above 80% down to 45%, with an average rate of decrease during June of 0.74, 0.84, 0.85 and 0.45% per day in timothy, tall fescue, reed canarygrass and Kentucky bluegrass, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 355–600

e3
“With the exception of reed canarygrass, delaying the initial cut resulted in continued increases in total annual dry matter (DM) yield, significant increases in total IVDMD yield until flowering, and decreases in total CP yield from stem elongation onwards”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 856–1112

Title

EFFECTS OF INITIAL HARVEST DATE ON DRY MATTER YIELD, IN VITRO DRY MATTER DIGESTIBILITY AND PROTEIN IN TIMOTHY, TALL FESCUE, REED CANARYGRASS AND KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS

W. MASON; L. LACHANCE Canadian Journal of Plant Science 1983. doi:10.4141/cjps83-085

Other claims from this paper (17)

Observation Timothy IVDMD decreased on average by 0.74% per day during June.
Observation Tall fescue IVDMD decreased on average by 0.84% per day during June.
Observation Reed canarygrass IVDMD decreased on average by 0.85% per day during June.
Observation Kentucky bluegrass IVDMD decreased on average by 0.45% per day during June.
Observation Timothy crude protein in first-cut forage decreased by 0.47% per day.
Observation Tall fescue crude protein in first-cut forage decreased by 0.40% per day.
Observation Reed canarygrass crude protein in first-cut forage decreased by 0.39% per day.
Observation Kentucky bluegrass crude protein in first-cut forage decreased by 0.28% per day.
Observation Regrowth forage in midsummer and fall harvests averaged 63 to 59% IVDMD.
Observation Regrowth forage in midsummer and fall harvests averaged 16 to 20% CP.
Intervention effect Delaying the initial cut continued to increase total annual dry matter yield, except in reed canarygrass.
Intervention effect Delaying the initial cut decreased total CP yield from stem elongation onwards.
Observation Reed canarygrass reached its optimum CP yield at early heading.
Observation Reed canarygrass had significant increases in IVDMD yield until the flowering stage.
Intervention effect Harvesting all forages at the stem elongation stage substantially reduced yield of DM, IVDMD and CP.
Observation Most of the DM was obtained in the initial harvest.
Observation Almost half of the total CP was obtained in the final harvest.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The second and third dates reduced days to main curd formation.

Taxon: broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0 e1 e2
Treatment: second and third planting datese0 e1 e2
Outcome: number of days needed to form the main curdse0 e1 e2
Direction: decreasee0 e1 e2
Comparator: other planting datese0 e1 e2

Verbatim

e0
“Plants of the second and third planting dates showed a significant decrease in the number of days needed to form the main curds in comparison with the plants of the other planting dates”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1024–1209

e1
“on vegetative growth and yield of broccoli (Matsuri) variety”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 260–320

e2
“the second planting date (10 /8) recorded the highest values in chlorophyll content in leaves, Plant height, number of leaves per plant, and leaf area with a significant differences compared to the rest planting dates”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 467–684

Title

DETERMINE THE MOST APPROPRIATE DATE FOR PLANTING BROCCOLI (BRASSICA OLERACEAE L. VAR. ITALICA) SEEDS IN NINEVEH GOVERNORATE

Fathel F. R. IBRAHEEM; Abdelmonnem S. KAHLEL,; Hussien J.M. AL-BAYATI; et al. MINAR International Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology 2022. doi:10.47832/2717-8234.11.16

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect The second planting date gave the highest leaf chlorophyll content.
Intervention effect The second planting date gave the highest plant height, leaf number and leaf area.
Intervention effect The second planting date maximized main curd weight and total main curd yield.
Intervention effect The second planting date maximized secondary curd number and average weight.
Intervention effect The second planting date maximized main curd circumference.
Intervention effect The second planting date maximized plant and total secondary curd yield.
Intervention effect The second planting date maximized combined main and secondary curd yield.
Intervention effect The second and third dates reduced days to 20% main curd ripening.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Total biomass at maturity decreased significantly with increasing soil Cu levels.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Treatment: soil Cu levelse1
Outcome: Total biomass at maturitye1
Direction: decreasede1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“Total biomass at maturity decreased significantly with the increase of soil Cu levels, while economic coefficient showed non-significant decrease except under soil Cu levels above 800 mg/kg”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1262–1451

t0
“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 83–102

Title

Effects of Soil Copper Concentration on Growth, Development and Yield Formation of Rice (Oryza sativa)

XU Jia-kuan; Lianxin Yang; Ziqiang Wang; et al. 水稻科学(英文版) 2005

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Plant height, leaf number and elongated internode number of rice were not affected at soil Cu levels below 200 mg/kg.
Intervention effect Heading date of rice was not affected at soil Cu levels below 200 mg/kg.
Intervention effect Plant height, leaf number and elongated internode number of rice were significantly affected at soil Cu levels above 400 mg/kg.
Intervention effect Heading date of rice was significantly affected at soil Cu levels above 400 mg/kg.
Intervention effect Inhibitory effects on rice growth and development increased with rising soil Cu levels.
Intervention effect Grain yield of rice decreased significantly with raising soil Cu levels.
Mechanism Grain yield reductions under lower soil Cu levels were mainly due to fewer spikelets per panicle.
Mechanism Under higher soil Cu levels, both panicle number and spikelets per panicle contributed to yield loss.
Intervention effect Panicle number of rice decreased under Cu stress, attributed to slow recovery, delayed tillering and fewer maximum tillers.
Mechanism Reduced spikelets per panicle under soil Cu stress resulted from decreased shoot dry weight at heading and a lower spikelet-to-SDW ratio.
Intervention effect Economic coefficient showed a non-significant decrease, except under soil Cu levels above 800 mg/kg.

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“yield decrease”

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