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“yield decrease”

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Manganese, iron, cadmium and silicon concentrations decreased under CO2 enrichment.

Taxon: Spring wheatTriticum aestivume1
Treatment: CO(2) enrichmente2
Outcome: manganese, iron, cadmium and silicone0
Direction: decreasede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“manganese, iron, cadmium and silicon decreased”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 983–1029

e1
“Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. TRISO)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–45

e2
“CO(2) enrichment resulted in an overall decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 770–818

Title

Effects of elevated CO ₂ on grain yield and quality of wheat: results from a 3‐year free‐air CO ₂ enrichment experiment

P. Högy; H. Wieser; P. Köhler; et al. Plant Biology 2009. doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.2009.00230.x

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect CO2 enrichment raised aboveground biomass by 11.8%.
Intervention effect CO2 enrichment raised grain yield by 10.4%.
Intervention effect Thousand-grain weight remained unchanged under elevated CO2.
Intervention effect Grain size distribution shifted significantly toward smaller grains.
Intervention effect Elevated CO2 reduced total grain protein concentration significantly by 7.4%.
Intervention effect Protein and amino acid composition changed under elevated CO2.
Intervention effect CO2 enrichment decreased amino acid concentrations overall, more for non-essential than essential amino acids.
Intervention effect Potassium, molybdenum and lead concentrations increased under CO2 enrichment.
Intervention effect Fructose and fructan concentrations increased significantly in grain.
Intervention effect Non-starch non-structural carbohydrate amount per area increased significantly in grain.
Intervention effect Grain lipid amount increased under elevated CO2.
Intervention effect Gluten resistance increased significantly under elevated CO2.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Water use efficiency for oil production rose relatively with irrigation up to a certain water depth and fell after it.

Taxon: JatrophaJatrophae1
Treatment: water depthe3
Outcome: efficiency in water use producing oile3
Direction: relative increasee3
Qualifier: until certain water depthe3

Verbatim

e3
“There was a relative increase of efficiency in water use producing oil until certain water depth, and after that there was a decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1085–1218

e1
“It was possible to observe that irrigation use increased oil yield and decreased the oil content of Jatropha seed”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 905–1018

Title

Jatropha seed oil content and yield under different irrigation and potassium fertilization levels

Fábio P. de Deus; Manoel A. de Faria; Ednaldo L. de Oliveira; et al. Engenharia Agrícola 2012. doi:10.1590/s0100-69162012000600010

Other claims from this paper (3)

Association Irrigation use increased Jatropha oil yield.
Association Irrigation use decreased the Jatropha seed oil content.
Association Potassium fertilization did not influence Jatropha oil content or oil yield.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Lower soil water content increased peltate hairs producing essential oil, essential oil yield, and mesophyll cell density in both plants.

Taxon: Mentha spicata L. and Origanim dictamnus L.t0
Treatment: 40%e0
Outcome: number of leaf peltate hairs producing the essential oil, an increase in the leaf essential oil yield, an increase in the density of mesophyll cellse0
Direction: increasee0
Comparator: 100%e0

Verbatim

e0
“The decrease of SWC from 100% to 40% reflected an increase in the number of leaf peltate hairs producing the essential oil, an increase in the leaf essential oil yield, an increase in the density of mesophyll cells”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 602–816

t0
“Mentha spicata L. and Origanim dictamnus L.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 33–76

Title

Effects of soil water content on Mentha spicata L. and Origanim dictamnus L.

Maria Matraka; Eliza Ninou; Anastasia Giannakoula; et al. Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 2010. doi:10.1560/ijps.58.2.229

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Drought reduced height and biomass in both plants.
Observation Leaves became smaller and showed chlorosis with reddish patches.
Observation Leaf mesophyll vacuoles accumulated anthocyanins and intercellular spaces diminished.
Observation Leaf blade thickness was unchanged in M. spicata.
Observation Leaf blade thickness was greatly reduced in O. dictamnus.
Intervention effect Lower soil water content decreased stomatal number in both plants.
Intervention effect Drought negatively affected chlorophyll, fluorescence, photosynthesis, and transpiration measures.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Alkaloids rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 11.3%.

Taxon: Salvia officinalisSalvia officinalist0
Treatment: Treatment 2e1
Outcome: Alkaloidse0
Direction: increasede0
Value: 11.3%e0
Qualifier: Treatment 3 showed a decreasee1
Comparator: Treatment 3e1

Verbatim

t0
“Salvia officinalis”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–98

e0
“Alkaloids increased from 9.56 to 13.68 to 11.3%, flavonoids increased from 7.53 to 13.48 to 10.49%, saponins increased from 5.23 to 7.44 to 6%, coumarins increased from 3.35 to 4.85 to 3.99%, tannins increased from 2.26 to 3.22 to 2.62%, and essential oil yield increased from 0.53 to 0.80 to 0.62%”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1821–2119

e1
“Treatment 2 showed an increase in secondary metabolites, while Treatment 3 showed a decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1727–1819

Title

Impact of climatic disturbances on the chemical compositions and metabolites of Salvia officinalis

Abdelouahid Laftouhi; Noureddine Eloutassi; Elhachmia Ech-Chihbi; et al. Open Chemistry 2023. doi:10.1515/chem-2023-0115

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect protein content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 7.13% to 7.05% to 6.86%.
Intervention effect carbohydrate content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 6.21% to 5.12% to 3.02%.
Intervention effect lipid content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 1.35% to 1.01% to 0.52%.
Intervention effect dietary fiber content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 4% to 3.01% to 2.34%.
Intervention effect Mg declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 0.05%.
Intervention effect Fe declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 7.62%.
Intervention effect K declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 4.02%.
Intervention effect Mn declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 3.48%.
Intervention effect Ca declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 1.23%.
Intervention effect P declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 2.25%.
Intervention effect flavonoids rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 10.49%.
Intervention effect saponins rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 6%.
Intervention effect coumarins rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 3.99%.
Intervention effect tannins rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 2.62%.
Intervention effect essential oil yield rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 0.62%.
Intervention effect Major essential-oil compounds were modified by temperature and water stress.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

flavonoids rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 10.49%.

Taxon: Salvia officinalisSalvia officinalist0
Treatment: Treatment 2e1
Outcome: flavonoidse0
Direction: increasede0
Value: 10.49%e0
Qualifier: Treatment 3 showed a decreasee1
Comparator: Treatment 3e1

Verbatim

t0
“Salvia officinalis”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–98

e0
“Alkaloids increased from 9.56 to 13.68 to 11.3%, flavonoids increased from 7.53 to 13.48 to 10.49%, saponins increased from 5.23 to 7.44 to 6%, coumarins increased from 3.35 to 4.85 to 3.99%, tannins increased from 2.26 to 3.22 to 2.62%, and essential oil yield increased from 0.53 to 0.80 to 0.62%”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1821–2119

e1
“Treatment 2 showed an increase in secondary metabolites, while Treatment 3 showed a decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1727–1819

Title

Impact of climatic disturbances on the chemical compositions and metabolites of Salvia officinalis

Abdelouahid Laftouhi; Noureddine Eloutassi; Elhachmia Ech-Chihbi; et al. Open Chemistry 2023. doi:10.1515/chem-2023-0115

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect protein content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 7.13% to 7.05% to 6.86%.
Intervention effect carbohydrate content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 6.21% to 5.12% to 3.02%.
Intervention effect lipid content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 1.35% to 1.01% to 0.52%.
Intervention effect dietary fiber content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 4% to 3.01% to 2.34%.
Intervention effect Mg declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 0.05%.
Intervention effect Fe declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 7.62%.
Intervention effect K declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 4.02%.
Intervention effect Mn declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 3.48%.
Intervention effect Ca declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 1.23%.
Intervention effect P declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 2.25%.
Intervention effect Alkaloids rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 11.3%.
Intervention effect saponins rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 6%.
Intervention effect coumarins rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 3.99%.
Intervention effect tannins rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 2.62%.
Intervention effect essential oil yield rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 0.62%.
Intervention effect Major essential-oil compounds were modified by temperature and water stress.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

coumarins rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 3.99%.

Taxon: Salvia officinalisSalvia officinalist0
Treatment: Treatment 2e1
Outcome: coumarinse0
Direction: increasede0
Value: 3.99%e0
Qualifier: Treatment 3 showed a decreasee1
Comparator: Treatment 3e1

Verbatim

t0
“Salvia officinalis”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–98

e0
“Alkaloids increased from 9.56 to 13.68 to 11.3%, flavonoids increased from 7.53 to 13.48 to 10.49%, saponins increased from 5.23 to 7.44 to 6%, coumarins increased from 3.35 to 4.85 to 3.99%, tannins increased from 2.26 to 3.22 to 2.62%, and essential oil yield increased from 0.53 to 0.80 to 0.62%”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1821–2119

e1
“Treatment 2 showed an increase in secondary metabolites, while Treatment 3 showed a decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1727–1819

Title

Impact of climatic disturbances on the chemical compositions and metabolites of Salvia officinalis

Abdelouahid Laftouhi; Noureddine Eloutassi; Elhachmia Ech-Chihbi; et al. Open Chemistry 2023. doi:10.1515/chem-2023-0115

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect protein content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 7.13% to 7.05% to 6.86%.
Intervention effect carbohydrate content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 6.21% to 5.12% to 3.02%.
Intervention effect lipid content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 1.35% to 1.01% to 0.52%.
Intervention effect dietary fiber content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 4% to 3.01% to 2.34%.
Intervention effect Mg declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 0.05%.
Intervention effect Fe declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 7.62%.
Intervention effect K declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 4.02%.
Intervention effect Mn declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 3.48%.
Intervention effect Ca declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 1.23%.
Intervention effect P declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 2.25%.
Intervention effect Alkaloids rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 11.3%.
Intervention effect flavonoids rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 10.49%.
Intervention effect saponins rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 6%.
Intervention effect tannins rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 2.62%.
Intervention effect essential oil yield rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 0.62%.
Intervention effect Major essential-oil compounds were modified by temperature and water stress.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

tannins rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 2.62%.

Taxon: Salvia officinalisSalvia officinalist0
Treatment: Treatment 2e1
Outcome: tanninse0
Direction: increasede0
Value: 2.62%e0
Qualifier: Treatment 3 showed a decreasee1
Comparator: Treatment 3e1

Verbatim

t0
“Salvia officinalis”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–98

e0
“Alkaloids increased from 9.56 to 13.68 to 11.3%, flavonoids increased from 7.53 to 13.48 to 10.49%, saponins increased from 5.23 to 7.44 to 6%, coumarins increased from 3.35 to 4.85 to 3.99%, tannins increased from 2.26 to 3.22 to 2.62%, and essential oil yield increased from 0.53 to 0.80 to 0.62%”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1821–2119

e1
“Treatment 2 showed an increase in secondary metabolites, while Treatment 3 showed a decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1727–1819

Title

Impact of climatic disturbances on the chemical compositions and metabolites of Salvia officinalis

Abdelouahid Laftouhi; Noureddine Eloutassi; Elhachmia Ech-Chihbi; et al. Open Chemistry 2023. doi:10.1515/chem-2023-0115

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect protein content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 7.13% to 7.05% to 6.86%.
Intervention effect carbohydrate content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 6.21% to 5.12% to 3.02%.
Intervention effect lipid content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 1.35% to 1.01% to 0.52%.
Intervention effect dietary fiber content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 4% to 3.01% to 2.34%.
Intervention effect Mg declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 0.05%.
Intervention effect Fe declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 7.62%.
Intervention effect K declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 4.02%.
Intervention effect Mn declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 3.48%.
Intervention effect Ca declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 1.23%.
Intervention effect P declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 2.25%.
Intervention effect Alkaloids rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 11.3%.
Intervention effect flavonoids rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 10.49%.
Intervention effect saponins rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 6%.
Intervention effect coumarins rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 3.99%.
Intervention effect essential oil yield rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 0.62%.
Intervention effect Major essential-oil compounds were modified by temperature and water stress.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increased population had little or no effect on ovules per ear at seven locations and minimally reduced them at one.

Taxon: plante0
Treatment: increased plant populatione0
Outcome: total number of ovules ear-1e0
Direction: little to no effecte0
Value: ≤50 ovules ear-1e0

Verbatim

e0
“increased plant population had little to no effect on the total number of ovules ear-1 (TNOE) at seven of the eight locations, with only a minimal decrease (≤50 ovules ear-1) at one location”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1055–1245

Title

Plant population effects on yield and yield components of maize hybrids bred for response to high plant population

Jason W. Lee Purdue e-Pubs (Purdue University System) 2015

Other claims from this paper (19)

Association Both hybrids had similar ovule responses to population.
Association Kernel number per ear fell approximately 28% as population increased.
Association Hybrids did not differ in kernel number across populations.
Association Hybrids did not differ in kernel weight at seven locations.
Association Kernel weight decreased curvilinearly as population rose at all locations.
Association The yield response of both hybrids depended on location.
Observation Stine 9733 had an optimum population of 74,176 to 97,194 plants per hectare at four locations.
Observation Stine 9728 had an optimum population of 64,656 to 102,152 plants per hectare at four locations.
Association Stine 9733 yielded significantly more than Stine 9728 at the highest population at one location.
Association The hybrids had equal yield at the remaining four locations.
Observation Mean optimum plant population was approximately 83,000 plants per hectare.
Association The hybrids responded similarly to population for most parameters but differed in yield.
Association Stine 9733 did not consistently show greater tolerance of high population than Stine 9728.
Association Ear leaf N concentration declined approximately 3 g kg-1 from lowest to highest population.
Association Population had little to no effect on ear leaf P and K concentrations.
Association Grain N concentration declined with population at six locations.
Association Grain P concentration declined with population at five locations.
Association Grain N and P differed primarily at the lowest two populations.
Association Population had very little effect on grain K concentration.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Oleic and linolenic acid contents rose with salinity and sodium.

Taxon: sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
Treatment: salinity and sodium levels of irrigation watere0
Outcome: oleic and linolenic acid contente0
Direction: increasee0

Verbatim

e0
“a gradual increase in oleic and linolenic acid content and a corresponding decrease in the other fatty acids were found as the salinity and sodium levels of irrigation water increased”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1320–1503

t0
“Sunflower”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–79

Title

Effects of Saline and Sodic Stress on Yield and Fatty Acid Profile in Sunflower Seeds

Giovanna Cucci; Giovanni Lacolla; Taddeo Rotunno; et al. Italian Journal of Agronomy 2007. doi:10.4081/ija.2007.13

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Highest salinity reduced seeds per plant by about 70%.
Association Soil type, leaching, salinity and SAR significantly affected oil yield.
Association Soil type, leaching, salinity and SAR significantly affected fatty acid composition.
Association Oil yield declined with greater salt concentration and sodium level.
Association Other fatty acids fell with salinity and sodium.
Association Oleic to linoleic acid ratio increased with salinity.
Intervention effect Seed yield fell under salt and sodium stress.
Intervention effect Oil yield fell under salt and sodium stress.
Association Stress improved reported oil quality.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Insecticide application was only partially effective in controlling aphids.

Taxon: Brassica napus, B. rapa, B. juncea and Sinapis albaBrassica junceaBrassica napusBrassica rapaSinapis albat0
Treatment: Insecticide applicatione0
Interactor: aphidsAphidomorphae0pest
Outcome: aphidse0
Direction: decreaseinferrede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Insecticide application was very effective in controlling diamondback moth larvae and adult cabbage seedpod weevils, but only partially effective in controlling aphids”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 690–857

t0
“Brassica napus, B. rapa, B. juncea and Sinapis alba”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 87–138

Title

Effect of late season insect infestation on yield, yield components and oil quality of Brassica napus, B. rapa, B. juncea and Sinapis alba in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States

J. BROWN; J. P. McCAFFREY; B. L. HARMON; et al. The Journal of Agricultural Science 1999. doi:10.1017/s0021859699006413

Other claims from this paper (11)

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“yield decrease”

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