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“yield decrease”

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Associationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Forest cover in the landscape is positively related to parasitoid and stink bug abundance in soybean.

Taxon: soybeanGlycine maxe2
Treatment: forest cover in the landscapee2
Interactor: stink buge2pest
Second interactor: parasitoide2biocontrol_agent
Outcome: parasitoid and stink bug abundancee2
Direction: positively relatede2

Verbatim

e2
“overall forest cover in the landscape was positively related with parasitoid and stink bug abundance, soybean yield, and negatively with herbivory”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1098–1244

Title

Forest cover and proximity decrease herbivory and increase crop yield via enhanced natural enemies in soybean fields

Ezequiel González; Douglas A. Landis; Michal Knapp; et al. Journal of Applied Ecology 2020. doi:10.1111/1365-2664.13732

Other claims from this paper (7)

Association Abundance of predators is higher near forests in soybean fields.
Association Herbivory rates are lower near forests in soybean fields.
Association Soybean yield is increased near forests.
Association Forest cover in the landscape is positively related to soybean yield.
Association Forest cover in the landscape is negatively related to herbivory in soybean.
Association Soybean yield is positively linked to richness and abundance of generalist and specialist enemies.
Association Soybean yield is independent of herbivory.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding side shoots at low density gave about 5% less yield than high density, from 33% fewer plants.

Taxon: tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
Treatment: The addition of side shoots at low densitye7
Outcome: yielde6
Direction: decreaseinferrede6
Value: 5%e6
Qualifier: 33% fewer plantse6
Comparator: high density treatmente6

Verbatim

e0
“the yield of glasshouse-grown tomatoes”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 41–79

e7
“The addition of side shoots at low density produced fruit of more uniform size throughout the year and the yield of grade D fruit was almost as high as from plants grown at high density throughout”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1491–1687

e6
“These benefits were accompanied by a 5% loss of yield but from 33% fewer plants, relative to the high density treatment”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1689–1808

Title

Regulation of tomato fruit size by plant density and truss thinning

K. E. Cockshull; L. C. Ho Journal of Horticultural Science 1995. doi:10.1080/14620316.1995.11515309

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Removing 30% of the fruit from the first three trusses increased the average weight of the remaining fruit.
Intervention effect Removing 30% of the fruit from the first three trusses greatly reduced the yield of small fruit (grade E).
Intervention effect Truss thinning reduced the total yield from the three thinned trusses by 16%.
Intervention effect Truss thinning significantly increased the yield from higher trusses, almost completely compensating for the earlier loss of yield.
Intervention effect High planting density gave about 8% greater early yield than low density.
Intervention effect High planting density gave about 15% greater final yield than low density.
Intervention effect High planting density lowered mean fruit weight (Class I) compared with low density.
Intervention effect High planting density lowered the yield of large fruit (grade C) compared with low density.
Intervention effect High planting density raised the yield of grade E fruit compared with low density.
Intervention effect Taking side shoots lowered early marketable yields.
Intervention effect Taking side shoots increased the number of fruit produced per m2.
Intervention effect Taking side shoots increased the final yield of marketable fruit, but only at low density.
Intervention effect Adding side shoots lowered mean fruit weight.
Intervention effect Adding side shoots reduced the month-to-month variation in mean fruit weight.
Intervention effect Adding side shoots reduced the yield of larger fruit and their proportion of Class I yield.
Intervention effect Adding side shoots at low density produced fruit of more uniform size throughout the year.
Intervention effect Adding side shoots at low density gave grade D yield almost as high as high-density plants.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Soybean leaf CAT, SOD and POD activities initially increased significantly and then declined under elevated ozone relative to filtered air.

Taxon: soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment: elevated O3e1
Outcome: leaf catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) activitiese0
Direction: significant increase (P < 0.01) first but a gradual decrease thene0
Comparator: charcoal-filtered aire0

Verbatim

e0
“the leaf catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) activities had a significant increase (P < 0.01) first but a gradual decrease then, compared with those under charcoal-filtered air”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 440–645

t0
“high concentration ozone on soybean”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 12–47

e1
“Under elevated O3, the leaf area and chlorophyll content decreased significantly (P < 0.05)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 343–434

Title

[Effects of high concentration ozone on soybean growth and grain yield].

Cai-hong Li; Yong Li; Ta-na Wuyun; et al. PubMed 2010

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Elevated ozone significantly decreased soybean leaf area.
Intervention effect Elevated ozone significantly decreased soybean chlorophyll content.
Intervention effect Elevated ozone decreased soybean leaf soluble protein and ascorbate content.
Intervention effect Elevated ozone increased soybean leaf malonaldehyde content.
Mechanism The authors inferred accelerated soybean leaf membrane lipid peroxidation under elevated ozone.
Intervention effect Elevated ozone decreased soybean dry mass per plant.
Intervention effect Elevated ozone decreased soybean effective pod number.
Intervention effect Elevated ozone decreased soybean grain number.
Intervention effect Elevated ozone decreased soybean 100-grain weight.
Intervention effect Elevated ozone significantly decreased soybean grain yield by 47%.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen fertilization decreased the proportions of red clover and weeds in the hay in the second year.

Taxon: red cloverTrifolium pratensee3
Treatment: nitrogen fertilizatione3
Interactor: weedse3weed
Outcome: red clover and weedse3
Direction: decreasee3
Qualifier: in both cutse3
Comparator: without fertilization (control)e2

Verbatim

e2
“without fertilization (control) and additional application of nitrogen fertilizer (KAN 27 % N) in the rate of 40 kg ha early in the spring 2012 and 2013”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 834–986

e3
“In the second year, nitrogen fertilization led to a significant increase in the share of Italian ryegrass in the hay, with a proportional decrease of red clover and weeds, in both cuts”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1106–1290

Title

Effect of additional fertilizing with nitrogen on forage yield in red clover-Italian ryegrass grass-legume mixture.

Dalibor Tomić; Vladeta Stevović; D. Djurović; et al. Book of proceedings: Fifth International Scientific Agricultural Symposium "Agrosym 2014", Jahorina, Bosnia and Herzegovina, October 23-26, 2014 2014

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Additional nitrogen did not significantly increase forage and hay yields in any cut in either year.
Intervention effect Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased the share of Italian ryegrass in the hay in the second year.
Mechanism Competitiveness and faster growth of Italian ryegrass may explain its increased share relative to red clover, especially in drought.
Observation No Italian ryegrass plants were present in the third year of cultivation.
Intervention effect Additional feeding significantly increased the proportion of red clover in the hay in the third year.
Intervention effect Additional feeding reduced the share of weeds in the hay in the third year.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Extra yield from conventional tillage equaled fuel savings under no-till.

Taxon: autumn wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: No-till technologye0
Outcome: extra yield from conventional soil tillage was equal to the economy of fuel by using No-till technologye0
Qualifier: without taking in consideration other advantages for No-tille0
Comparator: conventional soil tillagee0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0
“In our experiment the extra yield from conventional soil tillage was equal to the economy of fuel by using No-till technology, without taking in consideration other advantages for No-till.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 903–1091

t0
“autumn wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–49

Title

The use of the No-till technology in autumn wheat cultivation in order to increase the capacity of soil water accumulation and the decrease of fuel costs

Institutul de Cercetări pentru Culturile de Cîmp „Selecţia“, Republica Moldova; Dorin Cebanu Akademos 2022. doi:10.52673/18570461.22.1-64.08

Observationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Other processing quality indicators changed slowly or slightly depending on harvest date

Taxon: sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
Outcome: Other indicators of sugar beet processing qualitye7
Qualifier: depending on the harvest datee7

Verbatim

e7
“Other indicators of sugar beet processing quality showed a slow increase or slight decrease depending on the harvest date”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 660–781

t0
“sugar beet”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 79–89

Title

Importance of cultivar and harvest date on the yield and processing quality of sugar beet

Stevan Radivojevic; Jasna Grbic; Rada Jevtic-Mucibabic; et al. Acta periodica technologica 2011. doi:10.2298/apt1142123r

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought increased total soluble sugars, proline, lipid peroxidation and H2O2.

Taxon: flaxLinum usitatissimume0
Treatment: Droughte2
Outcome: total soluble sugars, proline, lipid peroxidation and H2O2e1
Direction: increasese1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Seeds of flax (Linum usitatissimum L., Giza 9)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–46

e1
“increases were detected in total soluble sugars, proline, lipid peroxidation and H2O2.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 823–909

e2
“Drought resulted in a significant decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 541–583

Title

Role of stigmasterol and folic acid in improving the growth and yield of flax under drough

Nemat Hassan; Zeinab El-bastawisy; Enas Badran; et al. Scientific Journal for Damietta Faculty of Science/Scientific Journal for Damietta Faculty of Science 2016. doi:10.21608/sjdfs.2016.194531

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Drought significantly decreased shoot height, root length, shoot and root weights and leaf number.
Intervention effect Drought significantly decreased capsule and seed numbers.
Intervention effect Drought significantly decreased photosynthetic pigment content.
Intervention effect Drought significantly decreased total insoluble sugars and protein.
Intervention effect Stigmasterol seed priming increased biomass, leaf number, capsules, seeds and protein relative to drought alone without reaching control values.
Intervention effect Folic acid seed priming increased biomass, leaf number, capsules, seeds and protein relative to drought alone without reaching control values.
Intervention effect Stigmasterol priming enhanced proline accumulation and decreased H2O2 and lipid peroxidation under drought.
Intervention effect Folic acid priming enhanced proline accumulation under drought.
Intervention effect Stigmasterol priming decreased H2O2 and lipid peroxidation under drought.
Intervention effect Folic acid priming decreased H2O2 and lipid peroxidation under drought.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Magnum increased inflorescence size as technical stem length decreased.

Taxon: fiber flaxe0
Organ / stage: steme1
Treatment: the herbicidee1
Outcome: increase in inflorescencee1

Verbatim

e0
“varieties and promising lines of fiber flax”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 304–347

e1
“when treating fiber flax plants with the herbicide, as a rule, an increase in inflorescence occurs due to a decrease in the technical length of the stem.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1355–1508

Title

The effect of the herbicide Magnum on the yield and quality of flax products

T. A. Rozhmina; A. A. Zhuchenko; E. G. Gerasimova; et al. Agricultural science Euro-North-East 2021. doi:10.30766/2072-9081.2021.22.6.844-856

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Magnum caused uneven flax growth between herringbone and flowering.
Intervention effect Magnum reduced flax plant height by up to 44.4%.
Intervention effect Magnum reduced technical-part weight by 71.1%.
Intervention effect Magnum reduced fiber mass by 74.8%.
Intervention effect Magnum reduced myklost by 46.3%.
Intervention effect Magnum reduced elementary fiber length by 27.7%.
Observation Atlant had over 80% resistance to Magnum across analyzed traits.
Observation Mogilevsky had over 80% resistance to Magnum across analyzed traits.
Intervention effect Magnum increased boll number in most genotypes by up to 3.2 times.
Intervention effect Magnum increased seed number in most genotypes by up to 3.2 times.
Intervention effect In Vega 2, Magnum reduced boll number 1.8-fold.
Intervention effect In Vega 2, Magnum reduced seed number 5.3-fold.
Observation Vega 2 was the most sensitive variety across productivity and fiber-quality measures.
Observation Results agreed with collection-sample tests using the Magnum, Herbitox L and Miura tank mixture.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

saponins rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 6%.

Taxon: Salvia officinalisSalvia officinalist0
Treatment: Treatment 2e1
Outcome: saponinse0
Direction: increasede0
Value: 6%e0
Qualifier: Treatment 3 showed a decreasee1
Comparator: Treatment 3e1

Verbatim

t0
“Salvia officinalis”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–98

e0
“Alkaloids increased from 9.56 to 13.68 to 11.3%, flavonoids increased from 7.53 to 13.48 to 10.49%, saponins increased from 5.23 to 7.44 to 6%, coumarins increased from 3.35 to 4.85 to 3.99%, tannins increased from 2.26 to 3.22 to 2.62%, and essential oil yield increased from 0.53 to 0.80 to 0.62%”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1821–2119

e1
“Treatment 2 showed an increase in secondary metabolites, while Treatment 3 showed a decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1727–1819

Title

Impact of climatic disturbances on the chemical compositions and metabolites of Salvia officinalis

Abdelouahid Laftouhi; Noureddine Eloutassi; Elhachmia Ech-Chihbi; et al. Open Chemistry 2023. doi:10.1515/chem-2023-0115

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect protein content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 7.13% to 7.05% to 6.86%.
Intervention effect carbohydrate content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 6.21% to 5.12% to 3.02%.
Intervention effect lipid content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 1.35% to 1.01% to 0.52%.
Intervention effect dietary fiber content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 4% to 3.01% to 2.34%.
Intervention effect Mg declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 0.05%.
Intervention effect Fe declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 7.62%.
Intervention effect K declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 4.02%.
Intervention effect Mn declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 3.48%.
Intervention effect Ca declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 1.23%.
Intervention effect P declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 2.25%.
Intervention effect Alkaloids rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 11.3%.
Intervention effect flavonoids rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 10.49%.
Intervention effect coumarins rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 3.99%.
Intervention effect tannins rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 2.62%.
Intervention effect essential oil yield rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 0.62%.
Intervention effect Major essential-oil compounds were modified by temperature and water stress.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Irrigation increased crude fibre, ash and oil content of pistachio nuts.

Taxon: PistachioPistacia verae0
Treatment: irrigatione0
Outcome: crude fibre, ash and oil content of the nutse0
Direction: increasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“irrigation caused an increase in Pistachio nut yield, crude fibre, ash and oil content of the nuts and decrease in protein content”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 305–435

Title

Physical and chemical properties of some pistachio varieties (Pistacia vera L.) and oils grown under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions in Turkey

O. Kola; İ. Hayoğlu; H. Türkoğlu; et al. Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods 2018. doi:10.3920/qas2017.1152

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Irrigation increased pistachio nut yield.
Intervention effect Irrigation decreased pistachio nut protein content.
Intervention effect Irrigation did not change pistachio kernel or nut size or dry matter content.
Association Pistachio variety markedly affected primary fatty acids.
Intervention effect Irrigation did not affect primary fatty acids.
Observation Total pistachio lipid levels ranged from 53.09 to 56.11%.
Observation Oleic acid was the most abundant fatty acid in pistachio oil, at 70.47 to 75.82% of fatty acids.
Observation Kırmızı pistachio oil had the highest linoleic acid content under irrigation, 17.72%.
Observation Pistachio nut saturated fatty acids were below 12.02%.
Observation Pistachio nut monounsaturated fatty acids reached 77.07%.
Observation Pistachio nut polyunsaturated fatty acids reached 17.99%.

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“yield decrease”

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