Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought reduced soil fungal biomass and diversity relative to irrigated controls in mesocosms.

Taxon: crope4
Treatment: severe summer droughte2
Outcome: soil fungal biomass and diversitye1
Direction: decreaseinferrede1
Comparator: irrigated controlse2
Setting: mesocosmse2

Verbatim

e1
“We show that drought has an direct negative effect on soil fungal biomass and diversity and that the magnitude of the effect depended on the initial community in soils”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 694–861

e2
“In a fully factorial design, half of the mesocosms were subjected to severe summer drought while half served as irrigated controls”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 331–461

e4
“the effects of drought legacy are apparent as reduction of crop yield in recovery period and slower decomposition rate 6 months after the drought”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1205–1350

Title

Drought has short-term effects on soil fungal communities leading to long-term effects on soil functions

S.E. Hannula; G.F. Veen Soil Biology and Biochemistry 2025. doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109893

Other claims from this paper (9)

Association The magnitude of the drought effect on soil fungi depended on the initial community.
Intervention effect Drought was associated with a decrease in soil fungal network connectivity.
Intervention effect Drought changed the dominant fungal taxa in soil.
Intervention effect Drought legacy reduced crop yield during the recovery period.
Intervention effect Drought legacy slowed soil decomposition rate 6 months after the drought.
Association The effect of drought on crop yield depended on the soil inoculum.
Intervention effect The legacy effect of drought on fungal communities was smaller in bulk soil than in rhizosphere soil.
Association Soil communities that were more diverse and fungal-rich recovered faster from drought.
Recommendation The authors conclude that watering of soils can alleviate the most acute drought stress on soil fungal communities.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ear number and weight per 10 ares increased as plant density rose up to 6,500 plants per 10 ares.

Taxon: sweet corne0
Treatment: plant density increased up to 6,500 plants per 10 arese5
Outcome: Ear number and weight per 10 arese5
Direction: increasede5

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“A sweet corn hybrid. ‘Golden Elite 70’ was grown at four plant densities of 4.500, 5.500, 6,500 and 7,500 plants per 10 ares under early and ordinary season cultivations”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–169

e5
“Ear number and weight per 10 ares increased as plant density increased up to 6,500 plants per 10 ares and tended to decrease at 7,500 plants per 10 ares”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 812–964

Title

Effects of plant density on growth and yield of sweet corn hybrid

S.U. Park; Ki Young Park; Hyeon Gui Moon; et al. The Korean Journal of Crop Science 1987

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Under ordinary season cultivation, plant and ear heights and ear size were greater than under early season cultivation.
Intervention effect Under ordinary season cultivation, ear number per plant was less than under early season cultivation.
Intervention effect Ear weight per 10 ares was similar between ordinary and early season cultivation.
Intervention effect Plant density did not affect silking date.
Intervention effect Plant density did not affect plant and ear heights.
Intervention effect Plant density did not show a consistent trend in ear size.
Intervention effect Ear number per plant decreased as plant density increased.
Intervention effect Ear number and weight per 10 ares tended to decrease at 7,500 plants per 10 ares.
Association No significant interaction between cultural practice and plant density was found for plant height, yield and yield components.
Association The interaction between cultural practice and plant density was significant for ear length.
Recommendation The optimum plant density for sweet corn is around 6,500 plants per 10 ares.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Seed-set of kidney bean decreased with temperature over 28/18 to 40/30 °C under both ambient and elevated CO2.

Taxon: kidney beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
Treatment: temperature over a range of 28/18–40/30 °Ce2
Outcome: seed‐sete2
Direction: decreaseinferrede2
Value: − 6.5% °C −1e2
Qualifier: under both ambient and elevated CO2 levelse2

Verbatim

e0
“Red kidney bean cv. Montcalm was grown in controlled environments”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 662–727

e2
“There were strong negative relations between temperature over a range of 28/18–40/30 °C and seed‐set (slope, − 6.5% °C −1 ) and seed number per pod (− 0.34 °C −1 ) under both ambient and elevated CO2 levels”
✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · abstract, characters 862–1069

Title

Effects of elevated temperature and carbon dioxide on seed‐set and yield of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

P. V. Vara Prasad; Kenneth J. Boote; L. Hartwell Allen; et al. Global Change Biology 2002. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00508.x

Other claims from this paper (15)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Late sowing in October lost many white lupin plants or destroyed the crops, relative to early-September sowing.

Taxon: white lupine0
Treatment: sown in late Octobere2
Outcome: plantse2
Direction: decreaseinferrede2
Qualifier: lost many plants or were destroyed completelye2
Comparator: sown in early Septembere1

Verbatim

e0
“of the white lupin ( Lupinus albus ) were examined in three contrasting growing seasons between 1991 and 1994”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 233–342

e1
“Crops established well when sown in early September and were sufficiently cold-hardy to survive prolonged and extremely severe early winter frosts”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 344–490

e2
“but crops sown in late October either lost many plants or were destroyed completely”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 492–575

Title

Effects of sowing date and planting density on the structure and yield of autumn-sown, florally-determinate white lupins (Lupinus albus) in the United Kingdom

I. Shield; H. J. Stevenson; J. E. Leach; et al. The Journal of Agricultural Science 1996. doi:10.1017/s0021859600077960

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Zinc at 100 and 150 mg kg−1 caused a slight increase in seed triacylglycerol content of white mustard, up to 1.35–1.36% dry weight.

Taxon: Sinapis alba L.Sinapis albae1
Treatment: Zn at concentrations of 100 and 150 mg kg−1e6
Outcome: content of triacylglycerolse6
Direction: increasee6
Value: up to 1.35–1.36% dry weighte6

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“white mustard (Sinapis alba L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 292–323

e6
“Zn at concentrations of 100 and 150 mg kg−1 caused a slight increase in the content of triacylglycerols (up to 1.35–1.36% dry weight) and the total content of unsaturated FAs along with a decrease in saturated and total FAs”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1025–1248

Title

Effect of Zinc Excess on Sinapis alba L. Seed Yield, Biochemical Parameters, and Potential for Further Processing

Natalia Repkina; Svetlana A. Murzina; Viktor P. Voronin; et al. Plants 2026. doi:10.3390/plants15121778

Other claims from this paper (13)

Intervention effect Zinc at 100 and 150 mg kg−1 in the substrate decreased the number of white mustard pods.
Intervention effect Zinc at 150 mg kg−1 decreased the 1000-seed weight of white mustard.
Intervention effect Seeds from plants grown on contaminated substrate had higher Zn concentration than control values and government standard thresholds.
Intervention effect Zinc at 100 and 150 mg kg−1 increased the total content of unsaturated fatty acids of white mustard seeds.
Intervention effect Zinc at 100 and 150 mg kg−1 decreased saturated and total fatty acid content of white mustard seeds.
Intervention effect Zinc at 50 mg kg−1 increased total fatty acid content of white mustard seeds.
Observation White mustard seeds had high erucic acid content in all studied zinc variants.
Intervention effect Fatty acid composition parameters of seeds from zinc-contaminated substrate did not deteriorate relative to the untreated level.
Intervention effect Zinc-contaminated substrate improved the kinematic viscosity coefficient of white mustard seed oil compared with control plants.
Observation Fatty acid composition parameters of white mustard seeds from zinc-contaminated substrate complied with American (ASTM D6751) and European (EN 14214) biofuel standards.
Intervention effect High zinc concentrations decreased seed yield of white mustard.
Recommendation Excess-zinc white mustard seeds could be used to produce technical oils (biofuel).
Association Changes in fatty acid composition may reduce the value of white mustard seeds for edible oil production because of their high erucic acid content.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Large applications of fertilizer K did not greatly affect beet K concentrations.

Taxon: sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
Treatment: large applications of fertilizer Ke4
Outcome: Concentrationse2
Direction: not greatly affectede4

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“sugar beet crops”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 78–94

e2
“Commercially acceptable concentrations of beet K for processing are in the range 700 to 1000 mg K/100 g sugar. Concentrations in excess of this decrease the amount of sugar crystallized from the extracted juice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 543–753

e4
“They were not greatly affected by large applications of fertilizer K but were strongly influenced by long-established differences in soil exchangeable K (K ex ) due to soil type, previous cropping or manuring history”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 755–971

Title

Effect of potassium fertilizer on the yield, quality and potassium offtake of sugar beet crops grown on soils of different potassium status

G. F. J. MILFORD; M. J. ARMSTRONG; P. J. JARVIS; et al. The Journal of Agricultural Science 2000. doi:10.1017/s0021859699007881

Other claims from this paper (19)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T. harzianum at 1:100 gave the greatest increase in total chlorophyll, total phenolic content and enzyme activities.

Taxon: cucumberCucumis sativuse0
Treatment: T. harzianum at a rate of 1:100e0
Interactor: T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
Outcome: total chlorophyll, total phenolic contente0
Direction: increasee0
Comparator: untreated plantse0
Setting: greenhouse conditione0

Verbatim

e0
“The application of cucumber plants with T. harzianum at a rate of 1:100 exhibited the greatest decrease in the inhibition of disease severity and the greatest increase in yield, biochemical analysis, including total chlorophyll, total phenolic content, peroxidase (PO), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzyme activities throughout the growing season 2024 under greenhouse condition, compared to untreated plants.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 805–1214

Title

Evaluating the Efficacy of Some Biological Control Applications in Controlling Powdery Mildew Disease of Cucumber Plants in Greenhouses

The future of Horticulture 2024. doi:10.37229/fsa.fjh.2024.11.10

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Micronic sulfur gave the largest reduction in pathogen germination, 92.69%.
Intervention effect Micronic sulfur gave the largest reduction in disease severity, 87.30%.
Intervention effect T. harzianum reduced pathogen germination by 86.96%.
Intervention effect T. harzianum reduced disease severity by 81.71%.
Intervention effect T. harzianum at 1:100 gave the greatest decrease in disease severity.
Intervention effect T. harzianum at 1:100 gave the greatest yield increase.
Observation T. hamatum had the weakest response among treatments.
Intervention effect Other treatments showed no major variation from the control.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Heat and salinity stress changed total soluble proteins (TSP), and free amino acids (FAA).

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume0
Treatment: HS and SSe0
Outcome: total soluble proteins (TSP), and free amino acids (FAA)e0
Direction: decreasinge0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“This study’s findings reveal that HS and SS caused a significant decrease in the growth and yield of wheat by increasing electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production; sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl−) accumulation; and decreasing relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll and carotenoid content, total soluble proteins (TSP), and free amino acids (FAA), as well as nutrient upta…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 800–1270

Title

Silicon Induces Heat and Salinity Tolerance in Wheat by Increasing Antioxidant Activities, Photosynthetic Activity, Nutrient Homeostasis, and Osmo-Protectant Synthesis

Ansa Aouz; Imran Khan; Muhammad Bilal Chattha; et al. Plants 2023. doi:10.3390/plants12142606

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Heat and salinity stress changed growth and yield.
Intervention effect Heat and salinity stress changed electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production.
Intervention effect Heat and salinity stress changed sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl−) accumulation.
Intervention effect Heat and salinity stress changed relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll and carotenoid content.
Intervention effect Heat and salinity stress changed nutrient uptake (potassium, K; calcium, Ca; and magnesium, Mg).
Intervention effect Silicon application changed growth and yield under stress.
Intervention effect Silicon application changed chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, RWC, antioxidant activity under stress.
Intervention effect Silicon application changed TSP, FAA accumulation, and nutrient uptake (Ca, K, and Mg) under stress.
Intervention effect Silicon application changed EL, electrolyte leakage, MDA, and H2O2 under stress.
Intervention effect Silicon application changed uptake of Na+ and Cl− under stress.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Heat and salinity stress changed nutrient uptake (potassium, K; calcium, Ca; and magnesium, Mg).

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume0
Treatment: HS and SSe0
Outcome: nutrient uptake (potassium, K; calcium, Ca; and magnesium, Mg)e0
Direction: decreasinge0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“This study’s findings reveal that HS and SS caused a significant decrease in the growth and yield of wheat by increasing electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production; sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl−) accumulation; and decreasing relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll and carotenoid content, total soluble proteins (TSP), and free amino acids (FAA), as well as nutrient upta…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 800–1270

Title

Silicon Induces Heat and Salinity Tolerance in Wheat by Increasing Antioxidant Activities, Photosynthetic Activity, Nutrient Homeostasis, and Osmo-Protectant Synthesis

Ansa Aouz; Imran Khan; Muhammad Bilal Chattha; et al. Plants 2023. doi:10.3390/plants12142606

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Heat and salinity stress changed growth and yield.
Intervention effect Heat and salinity stress changed electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production.
Intervention effect Heat and salinity stress changed sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl−) accumulation.
Intervention effect Heat and salinity stress changed relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll and carotenoid content.
Intervention effect Heat and salinity stress changed total soluble proteins (TSP), and free amino acids (FAA).
Intervention effect Silicon application changed growth and yield under stress.
Intervention effect Silicon application changed chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, RWC, antioxidant activity under stress.
Intervention effect Silicon application changed TSP, FAA accumulation, and nutrient uptake (Ca, K, and Mg) under stress.
Intervention effect Silicon application changed EL, electrolyte leakage, MDA, and H2O2 under stress.
Intervention effect Silicon application changed uptake of Na+ and Cl− under stress.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Reducing effective soil depth reduced sorghum 1000-grain weight by 11.97% in calcareous soil.

Taxon: SORGHUMSorghumt0
Treatment: reducing effective soil depths from deep to shallow water tablee0
Outcome: weight of 1000 graine0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 11.97e0
Comparator: deepe0
Setting: calcareous soile0

Verbatim

e0
“reducing effective soil depths from deep to shallow water table led todecrease plant height, panicle length, weight of 1000 grain, grain proteincontent and yield by 32.48, 24.13, 11.64, 11.78, and 86.55% in the Nilealluvial soil vs 34.2, 18.19, 11.97, 16.51 and 86.18% in the calcareous soil,respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1292–1596

t0
“SORGHUM”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 54–61

Title

IMPACT OF SALINITY LEVELS AND EFFECTIVE SOIL DEPTH ON SORGHUM PLANTS GROWN IN SOME NILE ALLUVIAL AND CALCAREOUS SOILS UNDER EL FAYOUM CONDITIONS

Abdel Aty M. Ibrahim; Ibrahim M. El-Samnoudi; Taia A. Abdel Mageed Fayoum Journal of Agricultural Research and Development /Fayoum Journal of Agricultural Research and Development 2006. doi:10.21608/fjard.2006.197570

Other claims from this paper (19)

Intervention effect Increasing salinity from normal to saline soil reduced sorghum plant height by 36.98% in Nile alluvial soil.
Intervention effect Increasing salinity reduced sorghum panicle length by 32.27% in Nile alluvial soil.
Intervention effect Increasing salinity reduced sorghum 1000-grain weight by 20.45% in Nile alluvial soil.
Intervention effect Increasing salinity reduced sorghum grain protein content by 29.95% in Nile alluvial soil.
Intervention effect Increasing salinity reduced sorghum grain yield by 57.46% in Nile alluvial soil.
Intervention effect Increasing salinity reduced sorghum plant height by 36.76% in calcareous soil.
Intervention effect Increasing salinity reduced sorghum panicle length by 33.31% in calcareous soil.
Intervention effect Increasing salinity reduced sorghum 1000-grain weight by 24.05% in calcareous soil.
Intervention effect Increasing salinity reduced sorghum grain protein content by 33.75% in calcareous soil.
Intervention effect Increasing salinity reduced sorghum grain yield by 59.14% in calcareous soil.
Intervention effect Reducing effective soil depth reduced sorghum plant height by 32.48% in Nile alluvial soil.
Intervention effect Reducing effective soil depth reduced sorghum panicle length by 24.13% in Nile alluvial soil.
Intervention effect Reducing effective soil depth reduced sorghum 1000-grain weight by 11.64% in Nile alluvial soil.
Intervention effect Reducing effective soil depth reduced sorghum grain protein content by 11.78% in Nile alluvial soil.
Intervention effect Reducing effective soil depth reduced sorghum yield by 86.55% in Nile alluvial soil.
Intervention effect Reducing effective soil depth reduced sorghum plant height by 34.2% in calcareous soil.
Intervention effect Reducing effective soil depth reduced sorghum panicle length by 18.19% in calcareous soil.
Intervention effect Reducing effective soil depth reduced sorghum grain protein content by 16.51% in calcareous soil.
Intervention effect Reducing effective soil depth reduced sorghum yield by 86.18% in calcareous soil.

“yield decrease”

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