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Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A yield decrease under soil heating occurred only with tall fescue during the summer.

Taxon: tall fescueLolium arundinaceume7
Outcome: yielde7
Direction: decreasee7
Qualifier: onlye7
Setting: during the summere7

Verbatim

e7
“A yield decrease occurred only with tall fescue during the summer”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1308–1373

Title

Yield Response to Soil Warming: Agronomic Crops¹

K. A. Rykbost; L. Boersma; H. J. Mack; et al. Agronomy Journal 1975. doi:10.2134/agronj1975.00021962006700060001x

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Soil heating increased yield of tall rescue by 19% over unheated plots.
Intervention effect Soil heating increased yield of sudangrass by about 50% over unheated plots.
Observation Yield increases from soil heating varied widely from year to year for the same crop.
Association The highest yield increases from soil heating occurred in years when yields on unheated plots were lowest.
Association Yield increases were highly significantly correlated with yields from unheated plots.
Association Soil heating appears most effective when climatic conditions and management factors are limiting.
Association Higher soil temperatures had their greatest effect on crop growth rates in early spring.
Intervention effect Heating increased the average soil temperature from 0 to 100 cm deep by about 10 C.
Intervention effect Heating increased the average temperature of the 0 to 10 cm soil layer by less than 3 C.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Developing tall fescue seed 6 and 8 days old still showed some decrease in seed yield after -2 C frost.

Taxon: tall fescueLolium arundinaceume1
Organ / stage: Developing seed 6 and 8 days olde0
Treatment: ‐2°C froste0
Outcome: seed yielde0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: some decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Developing seed 6 and 8 days old was less susceptible to ‐2°C frost, despite some decrease in seed yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 624–728

e1
“applied to tall fescue reproductive tillers”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 264–307

Title

Effects of frost and frost protectants on tall fescue seed production

M. D. Hare New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 1993. doi:10.1080/00288233.1993.10417740

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observation Tall fescue reproductive tillers are particularly sensitive to frost damage at ear emergence and during anthesis.
Intervention effect A -5 C air frost destroyed all seed heads of tall fescue.
Intervention effect A single exposure to -2 C frost reduced tall fescue seed yield by nearly 50%.
Intervention effect The -2 C frost had relatively less effect on tall fescue seed weight and germination, provided frost did not occur at ear emergence or anthesis.
Intervention effect Developing tall fescue seed 6 and 8 days old was less susceptible to -2 C frost.
Intervention effect Developing tall fescue seed 6 and 8 days old showed a slight reduction in the rate of germination after -2 C frost.
Intervention effect The two frost protectants (Teric and Kocide 101) did not prevent frost damage from occurring in tall fescue.
Intervention effect After -2 C frost the seed yield reduction was less in tall fescue seed heads protected by Kocide 101 than in untreated seed heads (P < 0.05).
Intervention effect After -2 C frost the seed yield reduction was less in tall fescue seed heads protected by Teric than in untreated seed heads (P < 0.10).

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Lower postflowering yield was associated with lower stand density.

Taxon: Tall Fescue and OrchardgrassDactylis glomerata Lolium arundinaceumt0
Organ / stage: stand densitye0
Outcome: post‐flowering yielde0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“The decrease in post‐flowering yield was associated with a decrease in stand density”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 644–728

t0
“Tall Fescue and Orchardgrass”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–110

Title

Cumulative Effects of Cutting Management on Forage Yields and Tiller Densities of Tall Fescue and Orchardgrass¹

Richard H. Hart; G. E. Carlson; D. E. McCloud Agronomy Journal 1971. doi:10.2134/agronj1971.00021962006300060022x

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Delaying first harvest increased preflowering forage yields under weekly cutting.
Intervention effect Increasing stubble height decreased preflowering forage yields.
Intervention effect Neither stubble height nor first-harvest time affected postflowering yield in year one.
Intervention effect In years two and three, higher stubble reduced postflowering yields.
Intervention effect In year three, delaying first harvest reduced postflowering yields.
Intervention effect Year-three total forage yields were similar across first-harvest dates.
Intervention effect Higher stubble decreased total forage yield.
Intervention effect Higher stubble increased combined forage and stubble yield.
Intervention effect Monthly close cutting produced more than weekly cutting.
Observation Monthly close cutting gave maximum forage production.

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors conclude that under lower water levels, selecting tall fescue cultivars for low discrimination will likely decrease forage yield.

Taxon: tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
Outcome: decreased forage yielde0
Qualifier: under lower water levelse0

Verbatim

e0
“under lower water levels, selection for low Δ in tall fescue cultivars will likely lead to decreased forage yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1526–1639

Title

Carbon isotope discrimination of tall fescue cultivars across an irrigation gradient

Kevin B. Jensen; Kay H. Asay; Douglas A. Johnson; et al. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 2004. doi:10.4141/p02-196

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Applied phosphorus tended to decrease forage N and Ca concentrations.

Taxon: tall fescue and smooth bromegrassLolium arundinaceum Bromus inermist0
Treatment: applied Pe0
Outcome: N and Ca concentrationse0
Direction: tended to decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“applied P increased P and tended to decrease N and Ca concentrations”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 835–903

t0
“tall fescue and smooth bromegrass”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–103

Title

Effect of fertilization and harvest frequency on yield and quality of tall fescue and smooth bromegrass

H.V. Eck; Tito Martinez; G.C. Wilson Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 1981. doi:10.1080/00103628109367173

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Nitrogen fertilizer increased yields, N and K concentrations, and K/(Ca + Mg) ratios of the grasses.
Intervention effect Nitrogen fertilizer decreased P, Ca and Mg concentrations.
Intervention effect Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers did not affect forage yields.
Intervention effect Applied phosphorus increased forage P concentration.
Intervention effect Applied potassium tended to increase forage Ca concentration.
Observation Nitrogen recovery from feedlot manure ranged from 0.8 to 14%.
Observation Nitrogen recovery from NH4NO3 averaged 64%.
Intervention effect Three-week harvesting reduced forage yields by 25% relative to six-week harvesting.
Intervention effect Three-week harvesting produced higher N and P removal than six-week harvesting.
Observation Heavily utilized grasses required more N fertilizer than lightly utilized grasses.
Observation The two grasses had similar yields with three-week cutting and with N rates through 340 kg/ha under six-week cutting.
Observation Tall fescue yielded more at higher N rates with six-week cutting.
Observation Smooth bromegrass forage had higher N, K and Ca than tall fescue forage.
Observation Tall fescue forage had higher P and Mg than smooth bromegrass forage.

Observationauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Tall fescue contribution to total yield will decrease.

Taxon: tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
Interactor: sericea lespedezaLespedeza cuneatae0other
Outcome: tall fescue contribution to total yielde0
Direction: reducede0

Verbatim

e0
“Thus, establishment of tall fescue in mixture with sericea lespedeza is not likely to be affected; however, its growth is likely to be decreased. Therefore, tall fescue contribution to total yield will be reduced. Conversely, establishment of bermudagrass is likely to be affected, but once established, its growth is expected to be similar to its grown alone.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1362–1722

Title

Effects of Sericea Lespedeza Root Exudates on Some Perennial Grasses

K. L. Kalburtji; J. A. Mosjidis Journal of Range Management 1993. doi:10.2307/4002464

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Sericea root exudates no effect tall fescue germination and emergence.
Intervention effect Sericea root exudates no effect bahiagrass germination and emergence.
Intervention effect Sericea root exudates reduced tall fescue radicle and coleoptile length and biomass.
Intervention effect Sericea root exudates reduced bahiagrass radicle and coleoptile length and biomass.
Intervention effect Bermudagrass germination, radicle and coleoptile length, and emergence decreased under root exudates.
Intervention effect Bermudagrass biomass was not affected by root exudates.
Association Grass cultivars differed in response to sericea lespedeza root exudates.
Observation Tall fescue establishment in mixture with sericea lespedeza is unlikely to be affected.
Observation Tall fescue growth in mixture with sericea lespedeza is likely to decrease.
Observation Bermudagrass establishment is likely to be affected.
Observation Established bermudagrass is expected to grow similarly to bermudagrass alone.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Crude protein content decreased about 0.1 percentage unit/week after growth stopped.

Taxon: Tall FescueLolium arundinaceumt0
Outcome: rate of decreasee0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 0.1 percentage unit/weeke0

Verbatim

e0
“after growth stopped the rate of decrease averaged about 0.1 percentage unit/week”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1896–1977

t0
“Tall Fescue”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 35–46

Title

Autumn‐Winter Yield and Quality of Tall Fescue¹

William R. Ocumpaugh; A. G. Matches Agronomy Journal 1977. doi:10.2134/agronj1977.00021962006900040030x

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Four-week defoliation reduced spring-summer dry matter yield by 30 to 40%.
Intervention effect Defoliation frequency did not affect autumn yield.
Intervention effect Frequently defoliated spring and summer forage had higher quality.
Intervention effect Defoliation frequency did not affect autumn stockpiled forage quality.
Association Autumn dry matter production rose with accumulated rainfall.
Intervention effect Early November freezing stopped autumn growth at 1,000 kg/ha in 1971.
Intervention effect Early November freezing stopped autumn growth at 1,800 kg/ha in 1972.
Observation Harvestable dry matter fell 25 kg/ha/week after freezing.
Observation Stockpiled fescue digestibility stayed at 63 to 68% through early November.
Observation Digestibility fell about 1.0 percentage unit/week after November freezing.
Observation Autumn-grown forage potassium content declined about 0.1 percentage unit/week.
Observation Potassium content in 1971–72 dropped below ruminant minimum requirements.

Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At 8 dS/m, protein yields did not decrease.

Taxon: TALL FESCUELolium arundinaceumt0
Treatment: 8 dS/me0
Outcome: protein yieldse0
Direction: did not result in any decreasese0

Verbatim

t0
“TALL FESCUE”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 44–55

e0
“8 dS/m did not result in any decreases in protein yields”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1110–1166

Title

CHANGE IN YIELD AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF TALL FESCUE (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) PLANTS UNDER SALT STRESS

Mahmut KAPLAN; Mustafa BASER; Hasan KALE; et al. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 2017. doi:10.17557/tjfc.356220

Other claims from this paper (8)

Association Fresh and dry hay yields and plant height decreased with salt dose.
Association Acid and neutral detergent fiber and crude oil contents decreased with salt dose.
Observation Olympus cultivar showed moderate salinity tolerance.
Association Fresh hay yield fell 8.2% at the 1.85 dS/m threshold.
Association Dry hay yield fell 8.2% at the 1.97 dS/m threshold.
Association Protein, gas and methane production increased with salt dose.
Association Energy and organic matter digestibility increased with salt dose.
Observation At 8 dS/m, gas and methane production was low.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A cover crop reduced tall fescue yield in the following year.

Taxon: tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
Treatment: use of a cover crope0
Outcome: yield of tall fescuee0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: following yeare0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The decrease in yield of tall fescue and the increase in growth of red clover, caused by the use of a cover crop, was still evident in the following year”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 97–250

Title

EFFECTS OF METHOD OF ESTABLISHMENT ON TALL FESCUE AND ITALIAN RYEGRASS MIXTURES IN THE FOLLOWING YEAR

A. H. Charles Grass and Forage Science 1967. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1967.tb00534.x

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect A cover crop increased red clover growth in the following year.
Observation With a cover crop, Italian ryegrass and white clover exceeded tall fescue and white clover in spring grazing and total yield.
Observation Without a cereal cover crop, tall fescue and white clover had the reverse ranking.
Intervention effect Adding red clover generally increased mixture yield.
Intervention effect Nitrogen increased total herbage yield.
Intervention effect Nitrogen reduced white clover growth.
Recommendation The authors recommend considering establishment method when assessing herbage seed mixtures.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Petroleum polluted soil reduced grass yield less than diesel oil.

Taxon: Lolium perenne L. × hybridum, Poa pratensis, Festuca rubra, F. arundinacea, Phleum pratense and Dactylis glomerataDactylis glomerataLolium perennePoa pratensisLolium arundinaceumPhleum pratenseFestuca rubrat0
Treatment: petroleume0
Outcome: yield of all grassese0
Direction: decrease being lowere0
Comparator: diesel oile0

Verbatim

t0
“Lolium perenne L. × hybridum, Poa pratensis, Festuca rubra, F. arundinacea, Phleum pratense and Dactylis glomerata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 18–132

e0
“Soil pollution with the tested products was found to significantly decrease the yield of all grasses, with the decrease being lower upon soil pollution with petroleum than with diesel oil.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 346–534

Title

The resistance of Lolium perenne L. × hybridum, Poa pratensis, Festuca rubra, F. arundinacea, Phleum pratense and Dactylis glomerata to soil pollution by diesel oil and petroleum

Jadwiga Wyszkowska; Agata Borowik; Jan Kucharski Plant Soil and Environment 2019. doi:10.17221/42/2019-pse

Other claims from this paper (8)

“yield decrease”

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