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“yield decrease”

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Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Authors suggest FR film for primocane raspberry cultivation.

Taxon: raspberrye0
Outcome: FR-absorbing films may therefore be useful when growing primocane raspberry cultivarse0

Verbatim

e0
“FR-absorbing films may therefore be useful when growing primocane raspberry cultivars in order to increase their yield potential, the contents of bioactive compounds in their fruit, and to decrease vegetative growth”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1415–1630

Title

Growth and cropping of primocane and biennial raspberry cultivars grown under a film absorbing far-red light

Pauliina Palonen; Saila Karhu; Hanna Savelainen; et al. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 2011. doi:10.1080/14620316.2011.11512735

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect FR film increased flower numbers in primocane cultivars.
Intervention effect FR film reduced flower numbers in biennial cultivars during later forcing.
Intervention effect Autumn Bliss flower count rose from 185 to 202 per plant.
Intervention effect Polka flower count rose from 171 to 203 per plant.
Intervention effect FR film increased berries per plant in Polka.
Intervention effect FR film reduced cane growth through fewer internodes in Polka.
Intervention effect FR film reduced cane growth through shorter internodes in Tulameen.
Intervention effect FR film had no effect on anthocyanins, sugars, most minerals or fruit colour.
Intervention effect FR film increased ellagic acid levels.
Intervention effect FR film slightly reduced soluble solids to titratable acidity ratio.
Recommendation Authors advise against FR film for primocanes of biennial raspberry cultivars.

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The recommended Zn concentration in fertigation was 0.35 mgL− 1.

Taxon: cannabisCannabist0
Outcome: recommended Zn concentration in the fertigation solutione0
Value: 0.35 mgL− 1e0

Verbatim

e0
“The recommended Zn concentration in the fertigation solution that was found to attain highest specialized-metabolite concentrations, and optimal yield and plant performance is 0.35 mgL− 1”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1790–1977

t0
“cannabis”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 72–80

Title

The power of zinc: excess and deficiency of Zn decrease cannabinoids in cannabis without Zn toxicity concerns to consumers

Sivan Shiponi; Nirit Bernstein Journal of Cannabis Research 2026. doi:10.1186/s42238-026-00404-0

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Higher Zn supply reduced relative Zn accumulation in inflorescences.
Observation Excess Zn was stored in roots.
Intervention effect Cannabinoid concentrations were highest at 0.35 mgL− 1 Zn supply.
Intervention effect Cannabinoid concentrations fell with further Zn increase.
Intervention effect Five acidic cannabinoids increased up to 0.1–0.35 mgL− 1 Zn supply.
Intervention effect The same acidic cannabinoids declined with further Zn increase.
Intervention effect Zn deficiency reduced physiological performance and plant growth.
Intervention effect Zn deficiency reduced inflorescence yield.
Intervention effect Zn deficiency stimulated uptake of Zn, P and S.
Intervention effect Zn deficiency stimulated uptake of Ca, Fe and Mn.
Intervention effect Excess Zn caused death of leaf tips.
Intervention effect Overall plant performance was not affected by excess Zn.

Recommendationauthor interpretationreview summarybasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Critical nutrient levels and crop removal rates are described as useful for setting fertilizer application frequency and rate.

Taxon: crope0
Outcome: determining the rate and frequency of fertilizer application to a fielde0
Qualifier: Critical levels of nutrientse0

Verbatim

e0
“Critical levels of nutrients (the point below which crop yield may decrease quickly) and crop removal rates are useful for determining the rate and frequency of fertilizer application to a field.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 691–886

Title

CROP INSIGHTS Soil Sampling and Test Interpretation

Keith A. Diedrick; Area Agronomist 2011

Other claims from this paper (4)

Method / resource Soil testing is described as a useful, inexpensive way for growers to assess crop nutrient levels.
Recommendation Proper sampling methods and timing help make soil tests reliable for fertilizer and lime decisions.
Method / resource Micronutrient soil testing alone is generally unreliable for predicting deficiencies.
Recommendation Combining tissue testing, soil properties and growing conditions is recommended for fuller diagnosis.

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors propose defoliation as a drought-management practice, subject to field testing.

Outcome: defoliation could be an important management practicee0
Qualifier: this needs to be tested under field conditionse0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0
“Under anticipated drought stress, defoliation could be an important management practice to reduce drought-induced yield decrease, but this needs to be tested under field conditions”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1694–1874

Title

EXPERIMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF DEFOLIATION ON GROWTH AND PRODUCTION OF WATER-STRESSED MAIZE AND COTTON PLANTS

Z. YANG; D. J. MIDMORE Experimental Agriculture 2004. doi:10.1017/s0014479703001534

Other claims from this paper (13)

Intervention effect Under ample water, 33% defoliation twice reduced maize grain yield by 16%.
Intervention effect Under ample water, one 67% defoliation did not significantly affect maize yield.
Intervention effect Under water stress, 33% defoliation increased maize grain yield by 13.5% versus non-defoliated plants.
Intervention effect Under water stress, 67% defoliation increased maize grain yield by 25% versus non-defoliated plants.
Intervention effect Under ample water, 33% defoliation reduced cotton seed and lint yield by 28%.
Intervention effect Under ample water, 67% defoliation reduced cotton seed and lint yield by 37%.
Intervention effect Defoliated cotton lost fewer fruiting forms under water stress than non-defoliated cotton.
Intervention effect Under water stress, 67% defoliation doubled cotton harvestable product versus non-defoliated controls.
Observation Non-defoliated cotton had a second flowering flush and compensatory fruit set after water stress.
Intervention effect Defoliated cotton showed less compensatory fruit set and boll harvest after water stress.
Intervention effect Defoliation significantly reduced maize water use.
Intervention effect Defoliation significantly reduced cotton water use.
Mechanism The authors attribute defoliated plants’ yield advantage during water stress to improved water status, photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance.

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

A ridge-furrow ratio of 40:71 cm is recommended in normal years to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining winter wheat productivity.

Taxon: Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: a ridge–furrow ratio of 40:71 cm in normal yearse7
Outcome: reduce GHG emissionse7

Verbatim

e7
“Therefore, conventional flat planting in wet years and a ridge–furrow ratio of 40:71 cm in normal years can reduce GHG emissions, sustaining crop productivity, and promote the sustainable development of agriculture and the environment”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1638–1872

t0
“Increase Winter Wheat Yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–97

Title

Optimized Ridge–Furrow Ratio to Decrease Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Increase Winter Wheat Yield in Dry Semi-Humid Areas

Xiaoli Liu; Yandong Wang; Xiaolong Ren; et al. Agronomy 2022. doi:10.3390/agronomy12081815

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Ridge-furrow planting raised furrow soil temperature compared with flat planting.
Intervention effect Ridge-furrow planting promoted soil moisture in the furrows during the vegetative period compared with flat planting.
Association Soil temperature of the furrows slightly increased with furrow width.
Association Soil moisture obviously decreased under the three RF practices.
Intervention effect In a wet year, FP significantly increased winter wheat yield by 43.6% compared with RF.
Intervention effect In a normal year, RF gave higher winter wheat yield than FP, the opposite of the wet year.
Intervention effect RF40 significantly increased yield by 13.9% compared with RF60.
Intervention effect RF80 significantly increased yield by 17.2% compared with RF60.
Intervention effect All RF treatments increased the flux of N2O and CO2 emissions compared with FP.
Intervention effect All RF treatments reduced CH4 absorption compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:40 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 99.6% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:60 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 53.4% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:80 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 31.3% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:40 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 55.8% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:60 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 45.3% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:80 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 0.7% compared with FP.
Recommendation Conventional flat planting in wet years is recommended to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining winter wheat productivity.

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors suggest poultry manure to increase returns and reduce root-knot nematode in okra.

Taxon: okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
Interactor: root-knot nematodeMeloidogynee0pathogen
Outcome: use of either poultry manure or Furacrone0

Verbatim

e0
“This experiment suggests the use of either poultry manure or Furacron, both of which will provide higher economic return and decrease the root-knot nematode in okra.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1398–1563

Title

Influence of different fertilizers and nematicides on number of nematode galls and yield of okra in summer season in Chitwan, Nepal

Subodh Raj Pandey; Sandesh Bhandari; Kushal Giri; et al. Azarian Journal of Agriculture 2019. doi:10.29252/azarinj.005

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect All treatments except poultry manure produced significantly superior germination at 7 DAS.
Intervention effect Every treatment significantly reduced gall index at 70 DAS versus control.
Intervention effect Furacron had the least gall index at 60 DAS.
Intervention effect Furacron had the least gall index at 70 DAS.
Intervention effect Poultry manure produced the highest net profit.
Intervention effect Furacron produced the highest incremental cost-benefit ratio.
Intervention effect Poultry manure produced the highest okra yield, 20t ha-1.
Intervention effect Poultry manure produced the least number of galls.
Intervention effect Poultry manure was as effective as Furacron.

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors recommend cytoplasm C as a source of male sterility for maize hybrid seed production.

Taxon: maize hybridst0
Material: cytoplasm Ce0
Outcome: source of cytoplasmic genetic sterility in the production of hybrid seedse0

Verbatim

e0
“cytoplasm C can be used as an excellent source of cytoplasmic genetic sterility in the production of hybrid seeds in seed companies that want to decrease the use of detasseling practice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1059–1244

t0
“maize hybrids”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–83

Title

Influence of cytoplasmic genetic male sterility in the grain yield of maize hybrids

Augusto Rodrigues Luiz; Garcia Von Pinho Renzo; Antonio Yanes Bernardo Junior Luiz; et al. African Journal of Agricultural Research 2018. doi:10.5897/ajar2018.13381

Other claims from this paper (1)

Intervention effect Cytoplasm C did not affect maize hybrid agronomic performance across environments, seasons, parents, or testers.

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

A threshold of 600 mites per leaf would reduce the number of acaricide treatments per season.

Taxon: eggplantsSolanum melongenae1
Outcome: number of acaricide treatments per seasone3

Verbatim

e1
“eggplants ( Solanum melongena ) are very tolerant to damage caused by the two-spotted spider mite , Tetranychus urticae”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 44–163

e3
“a tentative action threshold of 600 two-spotted spider mites per leaf would not decrease yield and would reduce the number of acaricide treatments per season”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 486–643

Title

Management of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae [Acari: Tetranychidae] in eggplant fields

Noubar J. Bostanian; Martin Trudeau; Jacques Lasnier Phytoprotection 2004. doi:10.7202/007439ar

Other claims from this paper (5)

Observation Eggplants are very tolerant to damage caused by the two-spotted spider mite.
Observation Biological control of the two-spotted spider mite by released predacious mites could not be sustained in the field.
Recommendation A tentative action threshold of 600 two-spotted spider mites per leaf is recommended.
Intervention effect A threshold of 600 mites per leaf would not decrease yield compared with sprayed and unsprayed plots.
Intervention effect Spirodiclofen was effective against the two-spotted spider mite in a preliminary trial.

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors recommend EE maize varieties to improve fertilizer efficiency while maintaining production and reducing nitrogen loss.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Material: EE variety groupse0
Outcome: increasing N fertilizer efficiency without reducing maize productione0

Verbatim

e0
“The EE variety groups of maize can be a feasible strategy for increasing N fertilizer efficiency without reducing maize production as well as decrease the negative impact of N lost in agricultural system.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1499–1703

Title

Characterization of yield and cumulative nitrous oxide emission of maize varieties in responses to different nitrogen application rates

Firdausi Nur Azizah; Benito Heru Purwanto; Keitaro Tawaraya; et al. Heliyon 2023. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17290

Other claims from this paper (9)

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors expect earlier bulb formation under row covers, depending on year.

Taxon: onionsAllium cepat0
Outcome: earlier bulb formatione0
Qualifier: degree differs depending on the yeare0

Verbatim

e0
“Although the degree differs depending on the year, earlier bulb formation and lodging, and a decrease in onion maggot feeding damage are also expected.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1799–1950

t0
“Onions”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–115

Title

The Effect of Non-Woven Fabric Floating Row Covers on the Emergence, Growth, and Bulb Yield of Direct-seeded Onions (Allium cepa L.) in a Subarctic Area

Goh Hirai The Horticulture Journal 2018. doi:10.2503/hortj.okd-172

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Row covers raised mean daily maximum soil temperature by about 4-5C.
Intervention effect Row covers raised mean daily minimum soil temperature by about 1-3C.
Observation The effect of row covers on soil moisture varied by year.
Intervention effect Row covers advanced onion emergence by 1 to 4 days.
Intervention effect Row covers promoted early growth.
Intervention effect The growth difference between covered and uncovered onions diminished toward bulb formation and was almost nonsignificant then.
Intervention effect Row covers advanced lodging in 2015.
Intervention effect Row covers had little effect on bulb yield.
Intervention effect Row covers decreased onion survival under simultaneous heat and drought.
Intervention effect Row covers tended to reduce onion maggot feeding damage.
Mechanism The authors attributed improved emergence and early growth mainly to warmer soil under row covers.
Recommendation The authors suggested row covers to reduce emergence, growth, lodging and onion maggot damage risks.

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