Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm of Agriculture and Forestry University, to determine the influence of different fertilizers and nematicides on the number of nematode galls (Meloidogyne spp.) and yield of okra (var. Arka Anamika) in summer season in Chitwan, Nepal. This experiment was carried out in a completely randomized block design (RCBD) which includes 7 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment included: goat manure, sesame (til) cake, mustard seed cake, poultry manure, Furacron (carbofuran), vermicompost and untreated control including only chemical fertilizer (NPK). All treatments were added to provide a sufficient amount of nitrogen required for the crop as per the recommendation. The remaining amount of required phosphorous and potassium was supplied by adding single super phosphate and muriate of potash, respectively. All treatments, except poultry manure had significantly superior germination at 7 days after seeding (DAS). Similarly, all treatments compared with control had significantly less gall index at 70 DAS; Furacron had least gall index at both 60DAS and 70DAS. The highest net profit was found in the case of poultry manure while the highest incremental cost-benefit ratio was obtained in Furacron. The highest yield (20t ha-1) and least number of galls were obtained in poultry manure which was as effective as a Furacron treatment. This experiment suggests the use of either poultry manure or Furacron, both of which will provide higher economic return and decrease the root-knot nematode in okra. However, use of carbofuran has recently been banned in Nepal.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
All treatments except poultry manure produced significantly superior germination at 7 DAS.
- Taxon
- okra
.jpg?width=60)
Abelmoschus esculentust0 - Organ / stage
- 7 days after seeding (DAS)e0
- Treatment
- All treatments, except poultry manuree0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- untreated controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“All treatments, except poultry manure had significantly superior germination at 7 days after seeding (DAS).”
e3“untreated control including only chemical fertilizer (NPK)”
t0“Influence of different fertilizers and nematicides on number of nematode galls and yield of okra in summer season in Chitwan, Nepal”
Claim · model-written summary
Every treatment significantly reduced gall index at 70 DAS versus control.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- all treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne spp.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogynee1pathogen - Outcome
- gall indexe0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“all treatments compared with control had significantly less gall index at 70 DAS”
t0“Influence of different fertilizers and nematicides on number of nematode galls and yield of okra in summer season in Chitwan, Nepal”
e1“nematode galls (Meloidogyne spp.) and yield of okra (var. Arka Anamika)”
Claim · model-written summary
Furacron had the least gall index at 60 DAS.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Organ / stage
- 60DASe0
- Treatment
- Furacrone0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne spp.Meloidogynee1pathogen
- Outcome
- gall indexe0
- Direction
- leaste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furacron had least gall index at both 60DAS and 70DAS.”
t0“Influence of different fertilizers and nematicides on number of nematode galls and yield of okra in summer season in Chitwan, Nepal”
e1“nematode galls (Meloidogyne spp.) and yield of okra (var. Arka Anamika)”
Claim · model-written summary
Furacron had the least gall index at 70 DAS.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Organ / stage
- 70DASe0
- Treatment
- Furacrone0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne spp.Meloidogynee1pathogen
- Outcome
- gall indexe0
- Direction
- leaste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furacron had least gall index at both 60DAS and 70DAS.”
t0“Influence of different fertilizers and nematicides on number of nematode galls and yield of okra in summer season in Chitwan, Nepal”
e1“nematode galls (Meloidogyne spp.) and yield of okra (var. Arka Anamika)”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure produced the highest net profit.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- poultry manuree0
- Outcome
- net profite0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest net profit was found in the case of poultry manure”
t0“Influence of different fertilizers and nematicides on number of nematode galls and yield of okra in summer season in Chitwan, Nepal”
Claim · model-written summary
Furacron produced the highest incremental cost-benefit ratio.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- Furacrone0
- Outcome
- incremental cost-benefit ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest incremental cost-benefit ratio was obtained in Furacron”
t0“Influence of different fertilizers and nematicides on number of nematode galls and yield of okra in summer season in Chitwan, Nepal”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure produced the highest okra yield, 20t ha-1.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- poultry manuree0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 20t ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest yield (20t ha-1) and least number of galls were obtained in poultry manure”
t0“Influence of different fertilizers and nematicides on number of nematode galls and yield of okra in summer season in Chitwan, Nepal”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure produced the least number of galls.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- poultry manuree0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne spp.Meloidogynee1pathogen
- Outcome
- number of gallse0
- Direction
- leaste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest yield (20t ha-1) and least number of galls were obtained in poultry manure”
t0“Influence of different fertilizers and nematicides on number of nematode galls and yield of okra in summer season in Chitwan, Nepal”
e1“nematode galls (Meloidogyne spp.) and yield of okra (var. Arka Anamika)”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure was as effective as Furacron.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- poultry manuree0
- Outcome
- as effectivee0
- Direction
- as effectivee0
- Comparator
- Furacron treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“poultry manure which was as effective as a Furacron treatment”
t0“Influence of different fertilizers and nematicides on number of nematode galls and yield of okra in summer season in Chitwan, Nepal”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest poultry manure to increase returns and reduce root-knot nematode in okra.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Interactor
- root-knot nematodeMeloidogynee0pathogen
- Outcome
- use of either poultry manure or Furacrone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This experiment suggests the use of either poultry manure or Furacron, both of which will provide higher economic return and decrease the root-knot nematode in okra.”
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