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“yield decrease”

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Paddy rice growth and yield under high-density nursery techniques for efficient mechanized transplanting in Japan 1

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

HDN seedlings reduced root length by 30–50 % relative to conventional seedlings.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae0
Treatment: HDN seedlingse0
Outcome: root lengthe2
Direction: decreasee2
Value: 30–50 %e2
Comparator: conventional seedlingse0

Verbatim

e0
“We evaluated the quality, rooting ability, and yield performance of HDN seedlings applied to rice cultivation relative to conventional seedlings”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 345–489

e2
“30–50 % decrease in root length”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 792–823

Title

Paddy rice growth and yield under high-density nursery techniques for efficient mechanized transplanting in Japan

Hisashi Nasukawa; Ryosuke Tajima Field Crops Research 2025. doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110200

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect HDN seedlings reduced shoot and root dry weight by 25–40 % relative to conventional seedlings.
Intervention effect HDN seedlings had a 35–45 % lower fine-to-thick root ratio than conventional seedlings.
Mechanism Compromised root development in HDN seedlings was likely caused by nutrient competition and spatial constraints in the nursery stage.
Intervention effect HDN seedlings produced 10–15 % more tillers at the maximum tillering stage in the field.
Intervention effect HDN seedlings gave no significant difference in final yield under standard cultivation practices.
Recommendation Both nursery duration and nutrient management should be optimized to ensure stable performance of HDN seedlings.
Recommendation Long-term and large-scale validation of HDN techniques is recommended.

Effects of Waterlogging at Different Developmental Stages on Growth, Yield and Physiological Responses of Forage Maize 1

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Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Total digestible nutrients and relative feed value decreased with stage, most at VT.

Taxon: forage maizet0
Organ / stage: developmental stagese0
Outcome: total digestible nutrients (TDNs) and the relative feed value (RFV)e0
Direction: decreasede0
Qualifier: VT stagee0

Verbatim

e0
“total digestible nutrients (TDNs) and the relative feed value (RFV) decreased with advancing developmental stages, with the highest decrease at the VT stage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1527–1683

t0
“Forage Maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 106–118

Title

Effects of Waterlogging at Different Developmental Stages on Growth, Yield and Physiological Responses of Forage Maize

Chang-Woo Min; Il-Kyu Yoon; Min-Jun Kim; et al. Agronomy 2025. doi:10.3390/agronomy15102389

Other claims from this paper (13)

Intervention effect Waterlogging at emergence reduced maize height by 60%.
Intervention effect Waterlogging at V4 reduced maize height by 48%.
Intervention effect Leaf area at emergence fell 79% under waterlogging.
Intervention effect Green leaf number declined most at tasseling.
Intervention effect Fv/Fm and chlorophyll index decreased most at V4.
Intervention effect Root aerenchyma formation rate increased significantly after waterlogging at V4.
Intervention effect Adventitious root number increased most at V11.
Intervention effect Hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde contents rose most at emergence.
Intervention effect Energy metabolism and aerenchyma formation genes were upregulated after waterlogging at E and V4.
Intervention effect Harvest dry matter decreased most after waterlogging at V4.
Association Acid and neutral detergent fiber increased with developmental stage.
Recommendation The authors recommend drainage at V4 to prevent yield loss.
Recommendation The authors recommend management at VT to prevent feed value loss.

Degree of seedbed compaction and response of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) under different traffic treatments 1

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Yield under T5 was 31.8 t/ha versus 62.0 t/ha in control, a 48.70% decrease.

Treatment: T5 treatmente0
Outcome: yield valuee0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 48.70%e0
Qualifier: 62.0 t/hae0
Comparator: C treatmente0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0
“The yield value, which was 62.0 t/ha in the C treatment, was determined to be 31.8 t/ha in the T5 treatment, representing a 48.70% decrease.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1147–1287

Title

Degree of seedbed compaction and response of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) under different traffic treatments

Esra Nur Gül; Emine Polat; Engin Özgöz; et al. Horticultural Science 2025. doi:10.17221/143/2024-hortsci

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect TT1 traffic caused 1.92% plant weight loss relative to control.
Intervention effect TT3 traffic caused 31.09% plant weight loss relative to control.
Intervention effect TT5 traffic caused 64.64% plant weight loss relative to control.
Association Increasing traffic increased soil penetration resistance, bulk density and porosity.
Observation Control had the lowest soil volume weight.

Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Soil Bacterial Communities, Nitrogen-Cycling Genes, and Wheat Yield Across Different Soil Types in the North China Plain 1

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

N fertilization significantly decreased soil pH, particularly in sandy soil.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: N fertilizatione0
Outcome: pHe0
Direction: decreasee0
Setting: sandy soile1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“N fertilization significantly altered soil physicochemical properties, with a notable decrease in pH, particularly in SS”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 790–910

e1
“sandy soil, SS”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 439–453

t0
“Wheat Yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 90–101

Title

Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Soil Bacterial Communities, Nitrogen-Cycling Genes, and Wheat Yield Across Different Soil Types in the North China Plain

Geng Ma; Xiaoyan Zhang; Xiaojie Han; et al. Microorganisms 2025. doi:10.3390/microorganisms13102382

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect N2 at 240 kg ha−1 produced the highest wheat yield.
Observation Wheat yields were significantly lower in sandy soil than in fluvo-aquic and lime concretion black soils.
Intervention effect N fertilization increased soil NO3−-N content.
Intervention effect N application significantly reduced bacterial α-diversity in sandy soil but not the other soils.
Association NO3−-N primarily shaped bacterial beta diversity in FS and BS.
Observation Counts of significantly changed bacterial taxa were 43 in FS, 62 in SS and 11 in BS.
Intervention effect N fertilization increased nitrification gene abundance in FS and SS.
Association N-cycling genes were significantly associated with soil properties.
Association A path model linked N fertilizer through soil properties and bacterial communities to wheat yield and explained 67.4% of yield variation.

Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus (AMF) Glomus intraradices with different potassium fertilizer levels on the tuber yield and size distribution of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) 1

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Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors concluded that AMF inoculation may allow reduced potassium fertiliser use in potato.

Taxon: potatoSolanum tuberosume0
Treatment: AMF inoculatione0
Outcome: decrease potassium fertilizer levelse0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“the AMF inoculation has a great potential to decrease potassium fertilizer levels in potato.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 976–1068

Title

Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus (AMF) Glomus intraradices with different potassium fertilizer levels on the tuber yield and size distribution of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

EKİN, Z.; DEMİR, S.; OĞUZ, F.; et al. DergiPark (Istanbul University) 2013

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect AMF inoculation, alone or with potassium, increased total potato tuber yield in both years.
Observation The GI+K treatment gave the highest potato tuber yield in 2007, at 3476,1 kg/da.
Observation The GI+K treatment gave the highest potato tuber yield in 2008, at 4354.4 kg/da.
Intervention effect AMF inoculation decreased the proportion of small potato tubers.
Intervention effect AMF inoculation increased the proportion of medium and large potato tubers.

The Impact of Climate Change on Citrus Production in Sharkia Governorate 1

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Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mandarin first-grade yield dropped by 10%.

Taxon: Mandarine3
Outcome: First-grade yielde4
Direction: droppede4
Value: 10%e4

Verbatim

e3
“Mandarin Productivity: Total production fell from 6 tons to 5.4 tons—a 10% decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 534–617

e4
“First-grade yield dropped by 10%, with increased deformities caused by sun damage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 619–700

Title

The Impact of Climate Change on Citrus Production in Sharkia Governorate

Faten S. A. Ahmed; Basant A. Abd El-Rahman; Ahmed A. Mohamed Fayoum Journal of Agricultural Research and Development /Fayoum Journal of Agricultural Research and Development 2025. doi:10.21608/fjard.2025.393015.1128

Other claims from this paper (19)

Observation Navel orange average productivity remained unchanged over five years (35 tons).
Observation Navel orange first-grade production decreased by 5%.
Observation Navel orange second-grade production increased by 43.3%.
Observation Navel orange lower-grade (rejects) production increased by 10%.
Observation Local orange total output declined by 2.2%.
Observation Local orange first-grade production dropped by 12.85%.
Observation Local orange second-grade production increased by 60%.
Observation Local orange rejects rose by 10%.
Observation Mandarin total production fell by 10%, from 6 tons to 5.4 tons.
Observation Lemon production declined by 10%, from 5 tons to 4.5 tons.
Observation Lemon first-grade production decreased by 10%.
Observation Lemon second-grade production decreased by 10%.
Observation Lemon rejects decreased by 20%.
Association A significant negative effect on citrus was associated with excessive use of superphosphate and sulfates.
Association Malathion pesticide had a statistically significant positive impact on citrus.
Association The organic product Dumont had a statistically significant positive impact on citrus.
Observation Of farmers, 100% observed earlier blooming and increased flower drop.
Observation Of farmers, 90% reported higher pest infestation and floral cluster deformities.
Observation A majority of farmers reported increased needs for irrigation, fertilization and pest control, at response rates of 83.3% to 100%.

Canonical Analysis of the Impact of Climate Predictors on Sugarcane Yield in the Eastern Region of Pernambuco, Brazil 1

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Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Negative canonical weights were linked to lower yield.

Taxon: Sugarcanet0
Outcome: yieldse0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: negative weightse0

Not reportedSetting

Verbatim

e0
“those with negative weights decrease yields”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1059–1102

t0
“Sugarcane Yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 58–73

Title

Canonical Analysis of the Impact of Climate Predictors on Sugarcane Yield in the Eastern Region of Pernambuco, Brazil

Rodrigo Rogério da Silva; Geber Barbosa de Albuquerque Moura; Pabrício Marcos Oliveira Lopes; et al. Agriculture 2025. doi:10.3390/agriculture15202162

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observation Municipal sugarcane performance formed three groups.
Association The first canonical function linking yield and climate was significant, R 0.82 and precision 0.67.
Association Climatic variables were associated with sugarcane yield groups.
Association Climate variables explained 29.7% redundancy in the first productivity group.
Association Climate variables explained 52.2% redundancy in the second productivity group.
Association Climate variables explained 59.9% redundancy in the third productivity group.
Association Positive canonical weights were linked to enhanced yield performance.
Association Sea surface temperature was important for sugarcane yield.
Method / resource Sensitivity analysis found stable canonical loads.

Prospects of training system and deficit irrigation for increasing yield and water use efficiency of pitaya (Hylocereus spp.) in the Mediterranean region 1

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Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fruit flesh values decreased as irrigation water level decreased.

Taxon: pitayat0
Treatment: irrigation water levele0
Outcome: fruit flesh valuese0
Direction: a decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“as the irrigation water level decreases, a decrease in fruit flesh values is also recorded”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1465–1555

t0
“pitaya (Hylocereus spp.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 101–125

Title

Prospects of training system and deficit irrigation for increasing yield and water use efficiency of pitaya (Hylocereus spp.) in the Mediterranean region

Harun Kaman; Hamide Gübbük; Lokman Altinkaya; et al. BMC Plant Biology 2025. doi:10.1186/s12870-025-07442-5

Other claims from this paper (11)

Observation Irrigation water applied ranged from 27.63 to 83.80 mm.
Observation Fruit flesh hardness ranged from 79.36 to 105.53 kg cm−2.
Intervention effect DI75 produced an average yield of 7169.60 kg ha−1, highest among irrigation levels.
Observation FULL produced an average yield of 5783.90 kg ha−1.
Observation DI50 produced an average yield of 4737.00 kg ha−1.
Observation DI25 produced an average yield of 4376.30 kg ha−1.
Intervention effect Pole training gave the highest yield, 5625.30 kg ha−1.
Observation Inverted U training yielded 5594.90 kg ha−1.
Observation T training yielded 5330.00 kg ha−1.
Recommendation The authors recommend Pole training with DI75 irrigation.
Recommendation The authors also recommend Inverted U training with DI75 irrigation.

Screening of Winter Wheat Accessions from International Variety Trials for Drought Resistance in Southeastern Kazakhstan 1

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Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Yield decreased by 72.3% under drought conditions.

Taxon: Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: drought conditionse5
Outcome: percentage decrease in yielde5
Direction: decreasee5
Value: 72.3%e5

Verbatim

t0
“Winter Wheat Accessions”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 13–36

e5
“The percentage decrease in yield under drought conditions was 72.3%”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1193–1260

Title

Screening of Winter Wheat Accessions from International Variety Trials for Drought Resistance in Southeastern Kazakhstan

Karlyga Jiyenbayeva; Minura Yessimbekova; Sholpan Bastaubayeva; et al. Crops 2025. doi:10.3390/crops5060076

Other claims from this paper (5)

Establishment of effective chemical means of weed control in amaranth crops 1

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

All herbicides reduced amaranth yield by 0.40-1.37 t/ha.

Taxon: amaranthAmaranthus caudatuse0
Treatment: All the herbicides under studye0
Outcome: amaranth yielde0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 0.40-1.37 t/hae0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“All the herbicides under study also caused a decrease in amaranth yield by 0.40-1.37 t/ha due to the stress effect on the plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1590–1718

Title

Establishment of effective chemical means of weed control in amaranth crops

Mariia Tyrus UKRAINIAN BLACK SEA REGION AGRARIAN SCIENCE 2025. doi:10.56407/bs.agrarian/3.2025.82

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect All tested herbicides controlled weeds in amaranth crops.
Intervention effect Prometrin at 500 g/ha gave the lowest weed number, 1.6 pcs/m2.
Intervention effect Clopyralid yielded the lowest weed weight, 108 g/m2.
Intervention effect All tested herbicides suppressed amaranth plants.
Intervention effect Herbicides reduced amaranth panicle length to 49-56 cm from 64 cm in the control.
Intervention effect Herbicides shortened amaranth height by 32-52 cm.
Intervention effect Herbicides decreased amaranth 1,000-seed weight to 0.68-0.80 g.
Observation Biological weed control gave the highest amaranth yield, 3.21 t/ha.
Observation Among herbicide treatments, pre-emergence prometrin at 2 l/ha gave the highest amaranth yield, 2.81 t/ha.

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“yield decrease”

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Claim type

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Paddy rice growth and yield under high-density nursery techniques for efficient mechanized transplanting in Japan 1

Effects of Waterlogging at Different Developmental Stages on Growth, Yield and Physiological Responses of Forage Maize 1

Degree of seedbed compaction and response of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) under different traffic treatments 1

Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Soil Bacterial Communities, Nitrogen-Cycling Genes, and Wheat Yield Across Different Soil Types in the North China Plain 1

Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus (AMF) Glomus intraradices with different potassium fertilizer levels on the tuber yield and size distribution of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) 1

The Impact of Climate Change on Citrus Production in Sharkia Governorate 1

Canonical Analysis of the Impact of Climate Predictors on Sugarcane Yield in the Eastern Region of Pernambuco, Brazil 1

Prospects of training system and deficit irrigation for increasing yield and water use efficiency of pitaya (Hylocereus spp.) in the Mediterranean region 1

Screening of Winter Wheat Accessions from International Variety Trials for Drought Resistance in Southeastern Kazakhstan 1

Establishment of effective chemical means of weed control in amaranth crops 1