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“yield decrease”

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Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The integrated ginger modules significantly increased germination.

Taxon: gingerZingiber officinalet0
Treatment: seed soaking in carbosulfan 25 EC 0.5% for 30 minutes + seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seede0
Outcome: % germinatione0
Direction: increasee0

Verbatim

e0
“seed soaking in carbosulfan 25 EC 0.5% for 30 minutes + seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seed, soil application of sesame cake @ 1.5 t/ha at 21 days before sowing + phosphonic acid 300 ppm and neem cake @ 1.5 t/ha + phosphonic acid 300 ppm recorded significant increase in % germination, plant growth and yield, decrease in % of wilting, population of nematodes in soil and root as well as root knot index wh…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 41–477

t0
“Integrated management of Quick wilt complex of Ginger”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–53

Title

Integrated management of Quick wilt complex of Ginger

Simly Das; P. Swain; Ajay Parida Annals of Plant Protection Sciences 2015

Other claims from this paper (3)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The same drip treatment at the lowest water level saved about 18% of irrigation water compared with check-basin irrigation.

Taxon: Bt cottont0
Treatment: drip irrigation with lateral along each row at the lowest level of water (0.6 Etc)e6
Outcome: saving in irrigation watere6
Direction: decreaseinferrede6
Value: 18%e6
Comparator: check basin method of irrigatione6

Verbatim

t0
“Comparative response of Bt cotton”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–33

e6
“drip irrigation with lateral along each row at the lowest level of water (0.6 Etc) resulted in highest water use efficiency (22.0 kg/ha/mm) accompanied by 25% higher seed cotton yield and 18% of saving in irrigation water as compared with check basin method of irrigation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1317–1588

Title

Comparative response of Bt cotton to water under drip and check-basin methods of irrigation in semi-arid conditions of Punjab

Anureet Kaur Research on Crops 2016. doi:10.5958/2348-7542.2016.00084.x

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Herbicide treatments reduced plants per unit area by 1% relative to mechanically weed-controlled plots.

Taxon: chickpeasCicer arietinume1
Treatment: herbicide treatmentse4
Outcome: number of plants per unit areae4
Direction: lowerinferrede4
Value: 1%e4
Comparator: mechanically weed-controlled plotse4
Setting: Szeged-Öthalom experimental areae1

Verbatim

e1
“effect of weed technologies on chickpeas (Cicer arietium L.) was set up in 2018 and 2019 at the Szeged-Öthalom experimental area”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 28–156

e4
“In the case of herbicide treatments, the decrease in yield elements was much smaller: the number of plants per unit area by 1%, the number of shoots by 3–10%, the number of pods by 5–12%, the number of seeds by 13–18%, the seed weight was by 1–5% less than on mechanically weed-controlled plots”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1678–1972

Title

Effect of weed control technologies on chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) and weeds

I. Kristó; M. Tar; V. J. Vojnich; et al. Advanced Agritechnologies 2019. doi:10.47414/na.7.2019.204790

Other claims from this paper (15)

Intervention effect Plots that did not control weeds had 15% fewer shoots per unit area than weed-free control plots.
Intervention effect Plots that did not control weeds had 45% fewer pods than weed-free control plots.
Intervention effect Plots that did not control weeds had 58% fewer seeds than weed-free control plots.
Intervention effect Plots that did not control weeds had 49% lower seed weight than weed-free control plots.
Intervention effect Plots treated only with pre-emergence herbicide had 3% fewer shoots per unit area than weed-free plots.
Intervention effect Plots treated only with pre-emergence herbicide had 23% fewer pods than weed-free plots.
Intervention effect Plots treated only with pre-emergence herbicide had 34% fewer seeds than weed-free plots.
Intervention effect Plots treated only with pre-emergence herbicide had 35% lower seed weight than weed-free plots.
Intervention effect Herbicide treatments reduced shoots by 3–10% relative to mechanically weed-controlled plots.
Intervention effect Herbicide treatments reduced pods by 5–12% relative to mechanically weed-controlled plots.
Intervention effect Herbicide treatments reduced seeds by 13–18% relative to mechanically weed-controlled plots.
Intervention effect Herbicide treatments reduced seed weight by 1–5% relative to mechanically weed-controlled plots.
Association Later sowing of chickpeas favored warm-loving weeds.
Intervention effect Later-sown chickpea stock in 2018 gave higher yields than earlier-sown plots in 2019.
Association Yield is determined much more by field factors developed during the growing season than by the calendar period.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Reducing N by 28% improved sink capacity, spikelet ratio and leaf area of Guixiangzhan relative to conventional N.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae1
Material: Guixiangzhane4
Treatment: Reduction of N by 28%e4
Outcome: sink capacity and ratio of spikelets No.and leaf areae4
Direction: improvede4
Comparator: conventional Ne1

Verbatim

e1
“Compared by conventional N,reduction of N by 28% would maintain or promote the rice source and sink coordination,which resulted in no significant decrease in yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 267–430

e4
“Reduction of N by 28% improved sink capacity and ratio of spikelets No.and leaf area in Yuejingsimiao 2 and Guixiangzhan,improved available filled ratio of sink in Huayou 8305,while there was no significant difference in Tianyou 998”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 643–875

Title

Effects of Reduced Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Source and Sink Characteristics of Early /Late Season Rice in South China and Their Mechanism

MO Zhao-we 2013

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Reducing N by 28% relative to conventional N caused no significant decrease in rice yield.
Intervention effect Reducing N by 28% would maintain or promote rice source and sink coordination relative to conventional N.
Intervention effect Reducing N by 28% increased grain yield of Yuejingsimiao 2 by 11.99% relative to conventional N.
Intervention effect Reducing N by 28% increased grain yield of Guixiangzhan by 5.51% relative to conventional N.
Intervention effect Reducing N by 28% increased grain yield of Huayou 8305 by 6.46% relative to conventional N.
Mechanism The yield increase under 28% N reduction is attributed to enhanced photosynthesis or sheath and stem transfer ability in rice.
Intervention effect Reducing N by 28% improved sink capacity, spikelet ratio and leaf area of Yuejingsimiao 2 relative to conventional N.
Intervention effect Reducing N by 28% improved the available filled ratio of sink in Huayou 8305 relative to conventional N.
Intervention effect Reducing N by 28% produced no significant difference in sink and source characteristics of Tianyou 998.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pochonia chlamydosporia increased fruit weight per plant of inoculated eggplant by 11% over the inoculated control.

Taxon: eggplantSolanum melongenat0
Treatment: P. chlamydosporiae6
Interactor: Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae3pathogen
Second interactor: P. chlamydosporiaPochonia chlamydosporiae6biocontrol_agent
Outcome: weight of fruits/plante5
Direction: increasese6
Value: 11%e6
Comparator: inoculated controle6

Verbatim

t0
“eggplant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 35–43

e3
“Inoculation with root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita (1500 J_2/plant) caused a significant decrease in both the plant growth (12.5%) and the yield (11.9%) of eggplant cv. Pusa Purple Round”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 175–368

e5
“Neem leaves induced a 19% increase in the weight of fruits/plant of inoculated plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 666–751

e6
“similar results were obtained using P. chlamydosporia, P. lilacinus, T. harzianum, and aldicarb treatments, with increases over the inoculated control of 11%, 14%, 6%, and 8%, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 753–941

Title

Management of root-knot disease in eggplant through the application of biocontrol fungi and dry neem leaves

MUJEEBUR RAHMAN KHAN; FAYAZ AHMAD MOHIDDIN; MOHD NADEEM EJAZ; et al. TURKISH JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY 2012. doi:10.3906/biy-1008-72

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Incorporating dry neem leaves into the soil significantly enhanced the yield of uninoculated eggplant.
Intervention effect Aldicarb at 4 kg a.i./ha was phytotoxic to eggplant.
Intervention effect Root-knot nematode inoculation decreased plant growth of eggplant by 12.5%.
Intervention effect Root-knot nematode inoculation decreased eggplant yield by 11.9%.
Intervention effect Neem leaves increased fruit weight per plant of inoculated eggplant by 19% over the inoculated control.
Intervention effect Paecilomyces lilacinus increased fruit weight per plant of inoculated eggplant by 14% over the inoculated control.
Intervention effect Trichoderma harzianum increased fruit weight per plant of inoculated eggplant by 6% over the inoculated control.
Intervention effect Aldicarb increased fruit weight per plant of inoculated eggplant by 8% over the inoculated control.
Intervention effect Neem leaves incorporated into biocontrol treatments increased yield by 17% with Pochonia chlamydosporia.
Intervention effect Neem leaves incorporated into biocontrol treatments increased yield by 21% with Paecilomyces lilacinus.
Intervention effect Neem leaves incorporated into biocontrol treatments increased yield by 14% with Trichoderma harzianum.
Intervention effect Neem, Pochonia, Paecilomyces, Trichoderma and aldicarb treatments significantly increased dry matter production and yield of inoculated eggplant over the inoculated control.
Intervention effect Aldicarb gave greater declines in galling, egg mass production and fecundity than the neem leaf treatment.
Intervention effect The neem leaf treatment gave lower declines in galling, egg mass production and fecundity than aldicarb.
Intervention effect Neem leaves gave greater decreases in galling and egg mass production than biocontrol agents alone.
Intervention effect With neem leaves, biocontrol fungi gave greater infection of adult nematode females (77%-92%) than without neem (69%-87%).
Intervention effect With neem leaves, biocontrol fungi gave greater infection of egg masses (43%-57%) than without neem (33%-47%).

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Paecilomyces lilacinus increased fruit weight per plant of inoculated eggplant by 14% over the inoculated control.

Taxon: eggplantSolanum melongenat0
Treatment: P. lilacinuse6
Interactor: Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae3pathogen
Second interactor: P. lilacinusPurpureocillium lilacinume6biocontrol_agent
Outcome: weight of fruits/plante5
Direction: increasese6
Value: 14%e6
Comparator: inoculated controle6

Verbatim

t0
“eggplant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 35–43

e3
“Inoculation with root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita (1500 J_2/plant) caused a significant decrease in both the plant growth (12.5%) and the yield (11.9%) of eggplant cv. Pusa Purple Round”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 175–368

e5
“Neem leaves induced a 19% increase in the weight of fruits/plant of inoculated plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 666–751

e6
“similar results were obtained using P. chlamydosporia, P. lilacinus, T. harzianum, and aldicarb treatments, with increases over the inoculated control of 11%, 14%, 6%, and 8%, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 753–941

Title

Management of root-knot disease in eggplant through the application of biocontrol fungi and dry neem leaves

MUJEEBUR RAHMAN KHAN; FAYAZ AHMAD MOHIDDIN; MOHD NADEEM EJAZ; et al. TURKISH JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY 2012. doi:10.3906/biy-1008-72

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Incorporating dry neem leaves into the soil significantly enhanced the yield of uninoculated eggplant.
Intervention effect Aldicarb at 4 kg a.i./ha was phytotoxic to eggplant.
Intervention effect Root-knot nematode inoculation decreased plant growth of eggplant by 12.5%.
Intervention effect Root-knot nematode inoculation decreased eggplant yield by 11.9%.
Intervention effect Neem leaves increased fruit weight per plant of inoculated eggplant by 19% over the inoculated control.
Intervention effect Pochonia chlamydosporia increased fruit weight per plant of inoculated eggplant by 11% over the inoculated control.
Intervention effect Trichoderma harzianum increased fruit weight per plant of inoculated eggplant by 6% over the inoculated control.
Intervention effect Aldicarb increased fruit weight per plant of inoculated eggplant by 8% over the inoculated control.
Intervention effect Neem leaves incorporated into biocontrol treatments increased yield by 17% with Pochonia chlamydosporia.
Intervention effect Neem leaves incorporated into biocontrol treatments increased yield by 21% with Paecilomyces lilacinus.
Intervention effect Neem leaves incorporated into biocontrol treatments increased yield by 14% with Trichoderma harzianum.
Intervention effect Neem, Pochonia, Paecilomyces, Trichoderma and aldicarb treatments significantly increased dry matter production and yield of inoculated eggplant over the inoculated control.
Intervention effect Aldicarb gave greater declines in galling, egg mass production and fecundity than the neem leaf treatment.
Intervention effect The neem leaf treatment gave lower declines in galling, egg mass production and fecundity than aldicarb.
Intervention effect Neem leaves gave greater decreases in galling and egg mass production than biocontrol agents alone.
Intervention effect With neem leaves, biocontrol fungi gave greater infection of adult nematode females (77%-92%) than without neem (69%-87%).
Intervention effect With neem leaves, biocontrol fungi gave greater infection of egg masses (43%-57%) than without neem (33%-47%).

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Trichoderma harzianum increased fruit weight per plant of inoculated eggplant by 6% over the inoculated control.

Taxon: eggplantSolanum melongenat0
Treatment: T. harzianume6
Interactor: Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae3pathogen
Second interactor: T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume6biocontrol_agent
Outcome: weight of fruits/plante5
Direction: increasese6
Value: 6%e6
Comparator: inoculated controle6

Verbatim

t0
“eggplant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 35–43

e3
“Inoculation with root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita (1500 J_2/plant) caused a significant decrease in both the plant growth (12.5%) and the yield (11.9%) of eggplant cv. Pusa Purple Round”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 175–368

e5
“Neem leaves induced a 19% increase in the weight of fruits/plant of inoculated plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 666–751

e6
“similar results were obtained using P. chlamydosporia, P. lilacinus, T. harzianum, and aldicarb treatments, with increases over the inoculated control of 11%, 14%, 6%, and 8%, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 753–941

Title

Management of root-knot disease in eggplant through the application of biocontrol fungi and dry neem leaves

MUJEEBUR RAHMAN KHAN; FAYAZ AHMAD MOHIDDIN; MOHD NADEEM EJAZ; et al. TURKISH JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY 2012. doi:10.3906/biy-1008-72

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Incorporating dry neem leaves into the soil significantly enhanced the yield of uninoculated eggplant.
Intervention effect Aldicarb at 4 kg a.i./ha was phytotoxic to eggplant.
Intervention effect Root-knot nematode inoculation decreased plant growth of eggplant by 12.5%.
Intervention effect Root-knot nematode inoculation decreased eggplant yield by 11.9%.
Intervention effect Neem leaves increased fruit weight per plant of inoculated eggplant by 19% over the inoculated control.
Intervention effect Pochonia chlamydosporia increased fruit weight per plant of inoculated eggplant by 11% over the inoculated control.
Intervention effect Paecilomyces lilacinus increased fruit weight per plant of inoculated eggplant by 14% over the inoculated control.
Intervention effect Aldicarb increased fruit weight per plant of inoculated eggplant by 8% over the inoculated control.
Intervention effect Neem leaves incorporated into biocontrol treatments increased yield by 17% with Pochonia chlamydosporia.
Intervention effect Neem leaves incorporated into biocontrol treatments increased yield by 21% with Paecilomyces lilacinus.
Intervention effect Neem leaves incorporated into biocontrol treatments increased yield by 14% with Trichoderma harzianum.
Intervention effect Neem, Pochonia, Paecilomyces, Trichoderma and aldicarb treatments significantly increased dry matter production and yield of inoculated eggplant over the inoculated control.
Intervention effect Aldicarb gave greater declines in galling, egg mass production and fecundity than the neem leaf treatment.
Intervention effect The neem leaf treatment gave lower declines in galling, egg mass production and fecundity than aldicarb.
Intervention effect Neem leaves gave greater decreases in galling and egg mass production than biocontrol agents alone.
Intervention effect With neem leaves, biocontrol fungi gave greater infection of adult nematode females (77%-92%) than without neem (69%-87%).
Intervention effect With neem leaves, biocontrol fungi gave greater infection of egg masses (43%-57%) than without neem (33%-47%).

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Elevated ozone increased O2·- production rate in soybean relative to the control

Taxon: soybean(Glycine max)Glycine maxe1
Treatment: elevated O3 concentratione2
Outcome: O2 ·-production rate,H2O2 content,MDA contente2
Direction: increasee2
Comparator: controle2
Setting: open top chamberse1

Verbatim

e1
“open top chambers were utilized to investigate the change of ROS production rate,lipid peroxidation extent,anti-oxidative enzymes activities and antioxidant content in soybean(Glycine max) leaves”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 140–335

e2
“compared to the control,the elevated O3 concentration induced an increase on O2 ·-production rate,H2O2 content,MDA content and relative electrical conductivity and a decrease on the activities of SOD,CAT and POD,the content of AsA and GSH in the whole growth stage and also a decline on grains yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 384–683

Title

Effects of Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolic System on Soybean(Glycine max) under Exogenous Chitosan to Ozone Stress

Zhao Tianhong Dadou kexue 2010

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Elevated ozone increased relative electrical conductivity in soybean leaves relative to the control
Intervention effect Elevated ozone decreased activities of SOD, CAT and POD in soybean leaves relative to the control
Intervention effect Elevated ozone decreased the content of AsA and GSH in soybean leaves in the whole growth stage relative to the control
Intervention effect Elevated ozone declined soybean grain yield relative to the control
Intervention effect Exogenous chitosan relieves the aggravation of ROS damage caused by ozone stress in soybean
Intervention effect Exogenous chitosan decreased O2·- production rate, H2O2 content and MDA content in soybean under ozone stress
Intervention effect Exogenous chitosan decreased membrane permeability in soybean under ozone stress
Intervention effect Exogenous chitosan increased anti-oxidative enzymes activity and anti-oxidative substances in soybean under ozone stress
Observation The protective effect of exogenous chitosan against ozone in soybean is limited

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Reducing N by 28% improved sink capacity, spikelet ratio and leaf area of Yuejingsimiao 2 relative to conventional N.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae1
Material: Yuejingsimiao 2e4
Treatment: Reduction of N by 28%e4
Outcome: sink capacity and ratio of spikelets No.and leaf areae4
Direction: improvede4
Comparator: conventional Ne1

Verbatim

e1
“Compared by conventional N,reduction of N by 28% would maintain or promote the rice source and sink coordination,which resulted in no significant decrease in yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 267–430

e4
“Reduction of N by 28% improved sink capacity and ratio of spikelets No.and leaf area in Yuejingsimiao 2 and Guixiangzhan,improved available filled ratio of sink in Huayou 8305,while there was no significant difference in Tianyou 998”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 643–875

Title

Effects of Reduced Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Source and Sink Characteristics of Early /Late Season Rice in South China and Their Mechanism

MO Zhao-we 2013

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Reducing N by 28% relative to conventional N caused no significant decrease in rice yield.
Intervention effect Reducing N by 28% would maintain or promote rice source and sink coordination relative to conventional N.
Intervention effect Reducing N by 28% increased grain yield of Yuejingsimiao 2 by 11.99% relative to conventional N.
Intervention effect Reducing N by 28% increased grain yield of Guixiangzhan by 5.51% relative to conventional N.
Intervention effect Reducing N by 28% increased grain yield of Huayou 8305 by 6.46% relative to conventional N.
Mechanism The yield increase under 28% N reduction is attributed to enhanced photosynthesis or sheath and stem transfer ability in rice.
Intervention effect Reducing N by 28% improved sink capacity, spikelet ratio and leaf area of Guixiangzhan relative to conventional N.
Intervention effect Reducing N by 28% improved the available filled ratio of sink in Huayou 8305 relative to conventional N.
Intervention effect Reducing N by 28% produced no significant difference in sink and source characteristics of Tianyou 998.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Authors interpreted ALA as alleviating adverse suboptimal-condition effects on seedling photosynthesis.

Taxon: cucumberCucumis sativuse0
Treatment: ALAe0
Outcome: photosynthesise0

Verbatim

e0
“ALA played a positive role in alleviating the effect of suboptimal temperature and light intensity on photosynthesis of cucumber seedlings”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1235–1373

e1
“suboptimal temperature and light intensity decreased the net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),carboxylation efficiency(CE),apparent quantum yield(AQY),actual photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(ΦPSⅡ),photochemical quenching(qP),antenna transformation efficiency(Fv'/Fm'),and activities of RuBPCase and FDPase of cucumber seedlings,but increased the intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 322–718

e2
“compared with the normal temperature and light intensity,suboptimal temperature and light intensity led to significant decrease in the light compensation point(LCP)and CO2 compensation point(CCP)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 731–926

Title

Effects of ALA on photosynthesis of cucumber seedlings under suboptimal temperature and light intensity.

Yumei Liu; Ai Xizhen; Xianchang Yu Acta Horticulturae Sinica 2010

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Suboptimal temperature and light reduced cucumber seedling net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and carboxylation efficiency.
Intervention effect Suboptimal conditions reduced apparent quantum yield and actual PSII photochemical efficiency.
Intervention effect Suboptimal conditions reduced photochemical quenching, antenna transformation efficiency, and RuBPCase and FDPase activities.
Intervention effect Suboptimal conditions increased intercellular CO2 concentration.
Intervention effect Suboptimal conditions significantly decreased light and CO2 compensation points.
Intervention effect ALA increased photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and carboxylation efficiency under suboptimal conditions.
Intervention effect ALA increased apparent quantum yield, actual PSII efficiency and photochemical quenching under suboptimal conditions.
Intervention effect ALA increased antenna transformation efficiency and RuBPCase and FDPase activities under suboptimal conditions.
Intervention effect ALA decreased intercellular CO2 concentration and light and CO2 compensation points under suboptimal conditions.
Mechanism Authors inferred nonstomatal limitation was the main cause of decreased photosynthetic rate under suboptimal conditions.

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“yield decrease”

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