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“yield decrease”

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Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Under MSRI2, soybean aboveground biomass decreased by 27% relative to the reference.

Taxon: soybeanGlycine maxe3
Treatment: two rows of soybean alternated with two rows of maize (MSRI2)e3
Outcome: biomasse3
Direction: decreasee3
Value: −27%e3

Verbatim

e0
“A field experiment was conducted on maize ( Zea mays L.)–soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] relay intercropping and corresponding monocultures in Southwest China in 2012 to 2013”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 101–277

e3
“Greater decreases were evident for the intercropping of one row of soybean alternated with one row of maize (MSRI1) (−46% for yield and −55% for biomass) than the intercropping of two rows of soybean alternated with two rows of maize (MSRI2) (−10% for yield and −27% for biomass)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 562–841

Title

Suppression of Weeds and Increases in Food Production in Higher Crop Diversity Planting Arrangements: A Case Study of Relay Intercropping

Benying Su; Xin Liu; Liang Cui; et al. Crop Science 2018. doi:10.2135/cropsci2017.11.0670

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect Intercropped maize did not differ from monocultured maize in grain yield or aboveground biomass.
Intervention effect Soybean grain yield and aboveground biomass were lower in intercropping than in soybean monoculture.
Association Under MSRI1 (one soybean row alternated with one maize row), soybean yield decreased by 46% relative to the reference.
Association Under MSRI1, soybean aboveground biomass decreased by 55% relative to the reference.
Association Under MSRI2 (two soybean rows alternated with two maize rows), soybean yield decreased by 10% relative to the reference.
Intervention effect Total grain yield in MSRI2 was 5.9% higher than in MSRI1.
Intervention effect Total grain yield in MSRI2 was 16% higher than in monoculture maize.
Intervention effect Total grain yield in MSRI2 was 394% higher than in soybean monoculture (SM).
Intervention effect Aboveground biomass in MSRI2 was 6.4% higher than in MSRI1.
Intervention effect Aboveground biomass in MSRI2 was 24% higher than in monoculture maize.
Intervention effect Aboveground biomass in MSRI2 was 227% higher than in soybean monoculture (SM).
Association Weed diversity and weed biomass in the intercropped phase were lower under MSRI1 and MSRI2 than under MM and SM.
Association Total weed biomass over the season decreased by 28, 40 and 60% under MSRI1 relative to MM, SM and fallow.
Association Total weed biomass over the season decreased by 29, 41 and 61% under MSRI2 relative to MM, SM and fallow.
Intervention effect Intercrops captured more light than monocultures and fallow.
Mechanism Crop diversity appears to suppress weed growth by increasing light interception by crops.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought stress at the early growth stages reduced biomass and harvest index of sweet potato.

Taxon: sweet potatoIpomoea batatast0
Treatment: drought stress at the early growth stagese1
Outcome: biomass and harvest indexe0
Direction: decreaseinferrede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“Effects of drought stress at different growth stages on photosynthetic efficiency and water consumption characteristics in sweet potato”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 1–136

e0
“biomass and harvest index, leading to a greater reduction in yield and water use efficiency”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2–93

e1
“drought stress at the early growth stages of sweet potato should be avoided during cultivation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 106–200

Title

[Effects of drought stress at different growth stages on photosynthetic efficiency and water consumption characteristics in sweet potato.]

Hai Yan Zhang; Bei Tao Xie; Wen Xue Duan; et al. PubMed 2018. doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201806.024

Other claims from this paper (2)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A combination of garlic extract with vermicompost caused 97% control of the nematode population on cauliflower.

Taxon: cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytise1
Treatment: combination of garlic extract with different vermicomposte2
Interactor: nematodeNematodae2pest
Outcome: nematode populatione2
Direction: decreaseinferrede2
Value: 97%e2
Setting: agricultural fielde1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“Vermicompost singly and in binary combination with different biopesticide were used in agricultural field to control the infestation of nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) and high yield of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) crop”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 10–233

e2
“The combination of garlic extract with different vermicompost caused 97% control of the nematode population”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 358–465

Title

Role of Vermicompost as Biofertilizer for the productivity of Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) and Biopesticides against Nematode (Meloidogyne incognita)

Gorakh Nath; Keshav Singh http://www.idosi.org/wasj/wasj12(10)/3.pdf 2011

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Vermicompost combined with neem oil (94%) significantly reduced M. incognita in soil of cauliflower.
Intervention effect Vermicompost from animal dung and gram bran with neem oil was very effective against M. incognita on cauliflower.
Intervention effect Vermicompost with biopesticide increased cauliflower productivity more than eight times.
Recommendation The authors conclude that using vermicompost with plant product is more beneficial in organic farming.
Intervention effect Vermicompost is helpful to compensate soil nutrient deficiency, according to the authors.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

AWD irrigation increased N2O emission by 25–26% relative to continuous flooding.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae1
Treatment: AWD methodse1
Outcome: N2O emissione1
Direction: increasede1
Value: 25–26%e1
Comparator: continuous flooding irrigation (CF)e2

Verbatim

t0
“Incorporation of rice straw mitigates CH4and N2O emissions in water saving paddy fields of Central Vietnam”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–106

e1
“AWD methods reduced the amount of CH4 production (22.6–41.5%) and increased N2O emission (25–26%) without any decrease in rice yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 705–837

e2
“in comparison to continuous flooding irrigation (CF)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 283–335

Title

Incorporation of rice straw mitigates CH₄and N₂O emissions in water saving paddy fields of Central Vietnam

Thi Thai Hoa Hoang; Dinh Thuc Do; Thi Thu Giang Tran; et al. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 2018. doi:10.1080/03650340.2018.1487553

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Burned in situ rice straw reduced seasonal cumulative CH4 emission relative to straw incorporated into the top soil.
Intervention effect Burned in situ rice straw reduced seasonal cumulative N2O emission relative to straw incorporated into the top soil.
Intervention effect Burned in situ rice straw lowered rice yield by 8–9% relative to straw incorporated into the top soil.
Intervention effect AWD irrigation reduced CH4 production by 22.6–41.5% relative to continuous flooding.
Intervention effect AWD irrigation did not decrease rice yield relative to continuous flooding.
Intervention effect Rice straw incorporated into the top soil with AWD had higher water productivity than straw burned in situ with continuous flooding.
Recommendation AWD and rice straw management can be employed as a mitigation strategy for CH4 and N2O emissions from paddy fields.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combinations 2 and 3 increased the free amino acid content in radish roots compared with the control.

Taxon: radishRaphanus sativuse0
Treatment: combinations 2 and 3e7
Outcome: content of free amino acids in rootse7
Direction: increasee7
Comparator: controle7

Verbatim

e0
“small radish was cultivated in a pot experiment”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 13–60

e7
“In comparison with the control, an increase was observed in combinations 2 and 3, while in combinations 7–9 a decrease in the content of free amino acids in roots was observed”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1325–1500

Title

EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF UREA, MOLYBDENUM, BENZYLADENINE, SUCROSE AND SALICYLIC ACID ON YIELD, NITROGEN METABOLISM OF RADISH PLANTS AND QUALITY OF EDIBLE ROOTS

Sylwester Smoleń; Włodzimierz Sady Journal of Plant Nutrition 2012. doi:10.1080/01904167.2012.676125

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Foliar spraying with urea+Mo+BA+sucrose and SA caused an increase in leaf mass of one radish plant compared with the control.
Intervention effect Foliar applications had no effect on the yield of edible radish roots.
Intervention effect Sucrose in foliar application decreased the nitrate (V) content in radish leaves compared with the control.
Intervention effect Foliar application of urea+Mo+BA+sucrose elevated the nitrate (V) content in radish roots compared with the control.
Intervention effect Spraying with urea-containing solutions tended to increase ammonium and total nitrogen content in radish leaves and roots.
Intervention effect Spraying with urea-containing solutions increased N uptake by radish leaves and by the whole plant, but not by the roots.
Intervention effect Combinations 7–9 decreased the ascorbic acid level in radish.
Intervention effect Combinations 2–6 decreased the soluble sugar content in radish roots.
Intervention effect Combinations 7–9 decreased the free amino acid content in radish roots compared with the control.
Intervention effect Foliar application did not significantly change the assimilative pigment content in radish leaves, nitrate (III) concentration or dry matter.
Intervention effect Foliar application did not significantly change the phenolic compound content or the K, Mg and Ca content of radish roots.
Intervention effect Foliar application did not significantly change the free radical activity of radish roots.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Site-specific herbicide splitting saved 16% herbicide in 2005 compared with uniform splitting.

Taxon: carrotsDaucus carotae0
Treatment: site-specific herbicide splittinge5
Outcome: herbicide savingse1
Direction: decreaseinferrede1
Value: 16%e1
Qualifier: 2005e1
Comparator: conventional uniform splittinge1
Setting: field strip trialse5

Verbatim

e0
“The production of carrots for the German market comes mainly from domestic production”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–85

e1
“Compared to a conventional uniform splitting herbicide savings were 16% (2005) und 20% (2006) at each spraying time”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1259–1374

e5
“The efficiency of a site-specific herbicide splitting on the late weed occurrence as well as on yield parameters was tested in field strip trials”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 444–589

Title

Teilflächenspezifisches Herbizidsplitting in Feldmöhren entsprechend sensor-basierter Erfassung der Verunkrautung

Dammer, Karl-Heinz; Wartenberg, Gerhard; Weinhold, Frank Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (Julius Kühn-Institut) 2014. doi:10.5073/jka.2014.443.051

Other claims from this paper (3)

Intervention effect Site-specific herbicide splitting saved 20% herbicide in 2006 compared with uniform splitting.
Intervention effect In 19 of 24 tests, site-specific splitting gave no differences from uniform splitting in fresh weight and carrot numbers.
Observation Late weed occurrence was low in both treatments.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Site-specific herbicide splitting saved 20% herbicide in 2006 compared with uniform splitting.

Taxon: carrotsDaucus carotae0
Treatment: site-specific herbicide splittinge5
Outcome: herbicide savingse1
Direction: decreaseinferrede1
Value: 20%e1
Qualifier: 2006e1
Comparator: conventional uniform splittinge1
Setting: field strip trialse5

Verbatim

e0
“The production of carrots for the German market comes mainly from domestic production”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–85

e1
“Compared to a conventional uniform splitting herbicide savings were 16% (2005) und 20% (2006) at each spraying time”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1259–1374

e5
“The efficiency of a site-specific herbicide splitting on the late weed occurrence as well as on yield parameters was tested in field strip trials”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 444–589

Title

Teilflächenspezifisches Herbizidsplitting in Feldmöhren entsprechend sensor-basierter Erfassung der Verunkrautung

Dammer, Karl-Heinz; Wartenberg, Gerhard; Weinhold, Frank Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (Julius Kühn-Institut) 2014. doi:10.5073/jka.2014.443.051

Other claims from this paper (3)

Intervention effect Site-specific herbicide splitting saved 16% herbicide in 2005 compared with uniform splitting.
Intervention effect In 19 of 24 tests, site-specific splitting gave no differences from uniform splitting in fresh weight and carrot numbers.
Observation Late weed occurrence was low in both treatments.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ozone tended to increase three phytohormones in Habataki.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae0
Material: Habatakie1
Treatment: ozone exposuree1
Outcome: levels of some phytohormones (jasmonic acid, jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine, and abscisic acid)e1
Direction: increasee1
Qualifier: tended toe1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“rice (Oryza Sativa L.) cultivars, Sasanishiki and Habataki”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 216–274

e1
“the levels of some phytohormones (jasmonic acid, jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine, and abscisic acid) known to be involved in attenuation of ozone-induced leaf injury tended to decrease in Sasanishiki but to increase in Habataki upon ozone exposure”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1030–1268

Title

Ozone-Induced Rice Grain Yield Loss Is Triggered via a Change in Panicle Morphology That Is Controlled by ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION 1 Gene

Keita Tsukahara; Hiroko Sawada; Yoshihisa Kohno; et al. PLoS ONE 2015. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0123308

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Sasanishiki showed ozone-induced leaf injury.
Intervention effect Sasanishiki had no grain yield loss under ozone.
Observation Habataki showed grain yield loss.
Observation Habataki had minimal leaf injury.
Observation A yield loss QTL under ozone included APO1.
Intervention effect The Habataki APO1 allele produced yield loss after ozone exposure.
Observation The cultivars had few APO1 amino acid sequence differences.
Intervention effect Ozone increased APO1 transcripts in Sasanishiki.
Intervention effect Ozone decreased APO1 transcripts in Habataki.
Intervention effect Ozone tended to decrease three phytohormones in Sasanishiki.
Mechanism Authors attribute Habataki yield loss to reduced APO1 transcription mediated by increased phytohormones.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ozonated water completely inactivated R. solanacearum at 0.8 mg/L.

Taxon: tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
Treatment: 0.8 mg/L ozonated watere0
Interactor: R. solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume0pathogen
Outcome: complete inactivatione0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0
“Immersing R. solanacearum in 0.8 mg/L ozonated water resulted in complete inactivation, while the growth-inhibition rates of the A. solani radial mycelia gradually increased with a 67.0% decrease compared to those of the control at an ozonated water concentration of 7.5 mg/L.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 291–567

e1
“pathogens of tomato”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 270–289

Title

Effect of Different Concentrations of Ozone on in Vitro Plant Pathogens Development, Tomato Yield and Quality, Photosynthetic Activity and Enzymatic Activities

Zhenghong Guo; Zuoming Wang; Yingdong Li; et al. Ozone Science and Engineering 2019. doi:10.1080/01919512.2019.1591268

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Ozonated water increased A. solani radial mycelial growth inhibition, with 67.0% lower growth than control at 7.5 mg/L.
Intervention effect Spraying tomato with ozonated water below 10 mg/L for 25 days had no negative effect versus control.
Intervention effect Photosynthetic activity of tomato leaves showed no observable change after ozonated water treatment.
Intervention effect Antioxidant system response of tomato leaves showed no observable change after ozonated water treatment.
Recommendation The authors recommend ozonated water as an alternative to traditional pesticides to prevent disease.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Gibberellin at 60 ppm increased 100-grain weight to 3.63 g.

Taxon: Ratoon Rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
Treatment: Gibberellin with the dosage of 60 ppme0
Outcome: weight of 100 grainse0
Direction: increasee0
Value: 3.63 ge0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Gibberellin with the dosage of 60 ppm was able to increase the percentage of filled grains (84.93%), decrease the percentage of empty grains (15.07%), increase the weight of 100 grains (3.63 g)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1092–1285

t0
“Ratoon Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 93–122

Title

The Influence of Phosphate Fertilizer and Plant Growth Regulators on the Growth and Yield of Ratoon Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Grown on Swampland

Siti Nurul Aidil Fitri; Siti Masreah Bernas; Erizal Sodikin; et al. Journal of Tropical Soils 2019. doi:10.5400/jts.2018.v23i2.73-80

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect P fertilizer did not significantly affect ratoon rice growth or yield.
Intervention effect Plant growth regulators significantly affected ratoon rice growth and yield.
Intervention effect Gibberellin at 60 ppm increased filled grains to 84.93%.
Intervention effect Gibberellin at 60 ppm decreased empty grains to 15.07%.
Intervention effect Gibberellin at 60 ppm increased dry milled-grain weight to 7.80 Mg ha-1.
Recommendation The authors recommend the treatment that improved growth and yield for ratoon cultivation in swampland.

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“yield decrease”

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