Paper · 2009 · Pakistan Journal of Botany

Effect of Explant Sources and Different Concentrations of Plant Growth REGULATORS ON IN VITRO SHOOT PROLIFERATION AND ROOTING OF AVOCADO (PERSEA AMERICANA MILL.) CV. "FUERTE"

Bushra Zulfiqar; Naser Abbasi; Touqeer Ahmad; et al.

16
claims
34
verbatim quotes
28
citations
3
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

In vitro shoot proliferation and rooting capacity of avocado cv. Fuerte was tested by using two different types of explant sources i.e., apical and axillary buds with varying concentrations of BAP and IBA on MS media. Explants exhibited a different response towards shoot proliferation with highest shoot number by axillary buds (2.50). By contrast, the apical buds yielded fairly positive results for shoots length (2.16 cm) than axillary buds. A good response was observed in axillary buds with 1.0 mg l BAP (T3) which lead to the best rate of shoot multiplication (4.80), whereas 1.5 mg l BAP (T4) favored the good shoot length development (4.06 cm) with apical buds. Among various BAP treatments, both T3 (1.0 mg l) and T4 (1.5 mg l) had a promotory effect on mean shoot number (3.23) and shoot length (2.91 cm). Rooting study revealed that explants also showed a variation in their rooting potential as apical buds proved to be superior with maximum 29.19% rooting, 2.15 roots per explant and 2.11 cm root length however, axillary buds did not have a significant affect on these parameters. Apical buds in interaction with 1.0 (T3) and 1.5 mg l IBA (T4) gained a higher rate of 53% rooting and 3.2 roots per explant while at 0.5 mg l IBA (T2) they resulted in an outcome of 3.58 cm root length. Within IBA treatments; T2 (0.5 mg l), T3 (1.0 mg l) and T4 (1.5 mg l) gave 3.4 cm root length, 40% rooting and 2.81 mean root number, respectively.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 16

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Axillary buds had the highest shoot number, 2.50.

Taxon
avocadoPersea americanae1
Material
Fuertee1
Organ / stage
axillary budse0
Outcome
shoot numbere0
Direction
higheste0
Value
2.50e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“highest shoot number by axillary buds (2.50)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 291–335 · show in text ↑
e1

“avocado cv. Fuerte”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 53–71 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Apical buds yielded shoot length of 2.16 cm, more than axillary buds.

Taxon
avocadoPersea americanae1
Material
Fuertee1
Organ / stage
apical budse0
Outcome
shoots lengthe0
Direction
positivee0
Value
2.16 cme0
Comparator
axillary budse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the apical buds yielded fairly positive results for shoots length (2.16 cm) than axillary buds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 350–444 · show in text ↑
e1

“avocado cv. Fuerte”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 53–71 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Axillary buds with 1.0 mg l BAP reached shoot multiplication of 4.80.

Taxon
avocadoPersea americanae1
Organ / stage
axillary budse0
Treatment
1.0 mg l BAP (T3)e0
Outcome
rate of shoot multiplicatione0
Direction
beste0
Value
4.80e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“axillary buds with 1.0 mg l BAP (T3) which lead to the best rate of shoot multiplication (4.80)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 478–573 · show in text ↑
e1

“avocado cv. Fuerte”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 53–71 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Apical buds with 1.5 mg l BAP reached shoot length of 4.06 cm.

Taxon
avocadoPersea americanae1
Organ / stage
apical budse0
Treatment
1.5 mg l BAP (T4)e0
Outcome
shoot length developmente0
Direction
favorede0
Value
4.06 cme0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“1.5 mg l BAP (T4) favored the good shoot length development (4.06 cm) with apical buds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 583–669 · show in text ↑
e1

“avocado cv. Fuerte”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 53–71 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

BAP T3 and T4 promoted mean shoot number to 3.23.

Taxon
avocadoPersea americanae1
Treatment
T3 (1.0 mg l) and T4 (1.5 mg l)e0
Outcome
mean shoot numbere0
Direction
promotorye0
Value
3.23e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“both T3 (1.0 mg l) and T4 (1.5 mg l) had a promotory effect on mean shoot number (3.23) and shoot length (2.91 cm)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 701–815 · show in text ↑
e1

“avocado cv. Fuerte”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 53–71 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

BAP T3 and T4 promoted shoot length to 2.91 cm.

Taxon
avocadoPersea americanae1
Treatment
T3 (1.0 mg l) and T4 (1.5 mg l)e0
Outcome
shoot lengthe0
Direction
promotorye0
Value
2.91 cme0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“both T3 (1.0 mg l) and T4 (1.5 mg l) had a promotory effect on mean shoot number (3.23) and shoot length (2.91 cm)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 701–815 · show in text ↑
e1

“avocado cv. Fuerte”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 53–71 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Apical buds achieved maximum rooting of 29.19%.

Taxon
avocadoPersea americanae1
Organ / stage
apical budse0
Outcome
rootinge0
Direction
maximume0
Value
29.19%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“apical buds proved to be superior with maximum 29.19% rooting, 2.15 roots per explant and 2.11 cm root length”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 908–1017 · show in text ↑
e1

“avocado cv. Fuerte”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 53–71 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Apical buds produced 2.15 roots per explant.

Taxon
avocadoPersea americanae1
Organ / stage
apical budse0
Outcome
roots per explante0
Direction
superiore0
Value
2.15 roots per explante0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“apical buds proved to be superior with maximum 29.19% rooting, 2.15 roots per explant and 2.11 cm root length”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 908–1017 · show in text ↑
e1

“avocado cv. Fuerte”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 53–71 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Apical buds attained 2.11 cm root length.

Taxon
avocadoPersea americanae1
Organ / stage
apical budse0
Outcome
root lengthe0
Direction
superiore0
Value
2.11 cme0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“apical buds proved to be superior with maximum 29.19% rooting, 2.15 roots per explant and 2.11 cm root length”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 908–1017 · show in text ↑
e1

“avocado cv. Fuerte”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 53–71 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Axillary buds had no significant response in these rooting parameters.

Taxon
avocadoPersea americanae2
Organ / stage
axillary budse0
Outcome
rooting potentiale1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“axillary buds did not have a significant affect on these parameters”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1027–1094 · show in text ↑
e1

“rooting potential”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 887–904 · show in text ↑
e2

“avocado cv. Fuerte”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 53–71 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Apical buds with IBA T3 and T4 reached 53% rooting.

Taxon
avocadoPersea americanae1
Organ / stage
Apical budse0
Treatment
1.0 (T3) and 1.5 mg l IBA (T4)e0
Outcome
rootinge0
Direction
highere0
Value
53%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Apical buds in interaction with 1.0 (T3) and 1.5 mg l IBA (T4) gained a higher rate of 53% rooting and 3.2 roots per explant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1096–1220 · show in text ↑
e1

“avocado cv. Fuerte”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 53–71 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Apical buds with IBA T3 and T4 produced 3.2 roots per explant.

Taxon
avocadoPersea americanae1
Organ / stage
Apical budse0
Treatment
1.0 (T3) and 1.5 mg l IBA (T4)e0
Outcome
roots per explante0
Direction
highere0
Value
3.2 roots per explante0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Apical buds in interaction with 1.0 (T3) and 1.5 mg l IBA (T4) gained a higher rate of 53% rooting and 3.2 roots per explant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1096–1220 · show in text ↑
e1

“avocado cv. Fuerte”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 53–71 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Apical buds at 0.5 mg l IBA produced 3.58 cm roots.

Taxon
avocadoPersea americanae2
Organ / stage
Apical budse1
Treatment
0.5 mg l IBA (T2)e0
Outcome
root lengthe0
Value
3.58 cme0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“at 0.5 mg l IBA (T2) they resulted in an outcome of 3.58 cm root length”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1227–1298 · show in text ↑
e1

“Apical buds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1096–1107 · show in text ↑
e2

“avocado cv. Fuerte”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 53–71 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Across IBA treatments T2 gave 3.4 cm root length.

Taxon
avocadoPersea americanae1
Treatment
T2 (0.5 mg l)e0
Outcome
root lengthe0
Value
3.4 cme0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“T2 (0.5 mg l), T3 (1.0 mg l) and T4 (1.5 mg l) gave 3.4 cm root length, 40% rooting and 2.81 mean root number, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1323–1446 · show in text ↑
e1

“avocado cv. Fuerte”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 53–71 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Across IBA treatments T3 gave 40% rooting.

Taxon
avocadoPersea americanae1
Treatment
T3 (1.0 mg l)e0
Outcome
rootinge0
Value
40%e0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“T2 (0.5 mg l), T3 (1.0 mg l) and T4 (1.5 mg l) gave 3.4 cm root length, 40% rooting and 2.81 mean root number, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1323–1446 · show in text ↑
e1

“avocado cv. Fuerte”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 53–71 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Across IBA treatments T4 gave mean root number of 2.81.

Taxon
avocadoPersea americanae1
Treatment
T4 (1.5 mg l)e0
Outcome
mean root numbere0
Value
2.81e0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Persea americana
Persea americana · TaxonB.navez · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“T2 (0.5 mg l), T3 (1.0 mg l) and T4 (1.5 mg l) gave 3.4 cm root length, 40% rooting and 2.81 mean root number, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1323–1446 · show in text ↑
e1

“avocado cv. Fuerte”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 53–71 · show in text ↑

indole-3-butyric acid · growth · Persea americana (avocado)Results differ

11 papers: 9 positive, 2 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. positive

7 papers more in this group

See all 11 papers →

N-benzyladenine · growth · Persea americana (avocado)Positive and negative results

7 papers: 6 positive, 1 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

3 papers more in this group

See all 7 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.