Abstract
Experiments were conducted at Kpong and Kade that, respectively, represent the Coastal Savanna and Humid Forest ecologies of Ghana, to study the response of maize to Actyva fertilizer applications (N23 P10 K5 3S 2MgO 0.3Zn) in the two ecologies. The N23 P10 K5 3S 2MgO 0.3Zn fertilizer was compared with a no fertilizer control and the commonly used fertilizer, 16-6-16 NPK compound fertilizer basal application and top dressing with ammonium sulphate fertilizer or urea. The fertilizers were applied to the maize crop both in single and split applications. Rainfall in Kpong was high and well distributed in the Major Rainy Season but was low and poorly distributed in the Minor Season. At Kade, rainfalls in both the Major and Minor Seasons were high and well distributed. Organic matter content of soils in the Humid Forest ranges from 4.5 to 6% compared with 2% or less in the Coastal Savanna. The Actyva fertilizer applications in the Coastal Savanna gave significantly higher Plant Height, Total Dry Matter at harvest (TDM) and Grain Yield than the unfertilized control. On the other hand, no differences were observed in the Humid Forest, which had growth and yield values that were greater than observed in the Coastal Savanna. Plant Height at tasseling ranged from 317.1 cm to 335.8 cm at Kade, compared with 110 cm to 170.3 cm at Kpong. Grain Yield in the Major Rainy Season in the Humid Forest zone ranged from 3.71 t ha-1 in the control to 4.24 t ha-1 for Actyva at 100 kg N ha-1 (T3), compared with 1.87 t ha-1 to 3.12 t ha-1, respectively, at Kpong. Total Dry Matter was higher under the single fertilizer application than the split application, particularly at the highest levels of fertilizer application (i.e. Actyva at 200 kg N ha-1, T6 and 16-16-16 NPK fertilizer at 100 kg N ha-1, T9). However there was no grain yield difference between the single and split fertilizer applications. The split application of fertilizer thus gave higher Harvest Index than the single application.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Actyva increased maize plant height, dry matter and grain yield relative to unfertilized control in the Coastal Savanna.
- Treatment
- Actyva fertilizer applicationse0
- Outcome
- Plant Height, Total Dry Matter at harvest (TDM) and Grain Yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- unfertilized controle0
- Setting
- Coastal Savannae0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Actyva fertilizer applications in the Coastal Savanna gave significantly higher Plant Height, Total Dry Matter at harvest (TDM) and Grain Yield than the unfertilized control”
e1“response of maize to Actyva fertilizer applications”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer applications showed no growth or yield differences in the Humid Forest.
- Treatment
- fertilizerse1
- Outcome
- growth and yield valuese2
- Direction
- no differencese0
- Setting
- Humid Foreste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no differences were observed in the Humid Forest”
e1“fertilizers were applied to the maize crop”
e2“growth and yield values”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height at tasseling was 317.1 cm to 335.8 cm at Kade versus 110 cm to 170.3 cm at Kpong.
- Outcome
- Plant Height at tasselinge0
- Value
- 317.1 cm to 335.8 cme0
- Qualifier
- 110 cm to 170.3 cme0
- Comparator
- Kponge0
- Setting
- Kadee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant Height at tasseling ranged from 317.1 cm to 335.8 cm at Kade, compared with 110 cm to 170.3 cm at Kpong”
e1“maize crop”
Claim · model-written summary
At Kade, major-season grain yield was 3.71 t ha-1 in controls and 4.24 t ha-1 with Actyva at 100 kg N ha-1.
- Treatment
- Actyva at 100 kg N ha-1e0
- Outcome
- Grain Yielde0
- Value
- 4.24 t ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- 3.71 t ha-1e0
- Comparator
- controle0
- Setting
- Humid Forest zonee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain Yield in the Major Rainy Season in the Humid Forest zone ranged from 3.71 t ha-1 in the control to 4.24 t ha-1 for Actyva at 100 kg N ha-1 (T3)”
e1“maize crop”
Claim · model-written summary
At Kpong, major-season grain yield was 1.87 t ha-1 in controls and 3.12 t ha-1 with Actyva.
- Treatment
- Actyva at 100 kg N ha-1e1
- Outcome
- Grain Yielde1
- Value
- 3.12 t ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- 1.87 t ha-1e0
- Comparator
- controle1
- Setting
- Kponge0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compared with 1.87 t ha-1 to 3.12 t ha-1, respectively, at Kpong”
e1“Grain Yield in the Major Rainy Season in the Humid Forest zone ranged from 3.71 t ha-1 in the control to 4.24 t ha-1 for Actyva at 100 kg N ha-1 (T3)”
e2“maize crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Single fertilizer application produced higher total dry matter than split application, particularly at high fertilizer levels.
- Treatment
- single fertilizer applicatione0
- Outcome
- Total Dry Mattere0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- highest levels of fertilizer applicatione0
- Comparator
- split applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total Dry Matter was higher under the single fertilizer application than the split application, particularly at the highest levels of fertilizer application”
e1“maize crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield did not differ between single and split fertilizer application.
- Treatment
- singlee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- no grain yield differencee0
- Comparator
- split fertilizer applicationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was no grain yield difference between the single and split fertilizer applications”
e1“maize crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Split fertilizer application gave a higher harvest index than single application.
- Treatment
- split application of fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Harvest Indexe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- single applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The split application of fertilizer thus gave higher Harvest Index than the single application”
e1“maize crop”
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